编者按：真正的变革，不在风口之上，而在深耕之处。"十五五"时期是我国由金融大国迈向金融强国的 关键跃升期，金融体系将实现从规模扩张到质量效益的跨越。2025年11月19日，第十九届深圳国际金融 博览会（简称"深圳金博会"）即将举行。值此之际，21世纪经济报道推出特别策划《深耕者说》，对话 一批在"五篇大文章"、跨境金融、数智化等领域持续深耕的金融业大咖。他们的讲述，没有眩目的数据 堆砌，却有扎实的实践逻辑；没有口号式的承诺，却有可触摸的改变。 21世纪经济报道记者 曹媛 深圳报道 中国金融科技出海迈入2.0，正加速从"单一技术输出"向"行业标准制定者"转型。 全球金融科技版图中，深圳金融科技的话语权持续提升。第38期《全球金融中心指数报告 （GFCI38）》显示，深圳综合排名保持全球第九，金融科技领域创下历史最佳表现，排名升至全球第 二。 深港金融密切联动背景下，不少内地金融科技企业都先试水香港市场，以香港为出海"第一站"布局全 球。作为金融科技出海的代表企业之一，腾讯云正加速布局境外市场。 据介绍，在境外市场，腾讯云为近400家金融客户提供数字化转型支持，覆盖亚洲、中东、欧洲和美洲 的20多个国家和地区。 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the transformation of China's fintech industry from a "single technology output" model to becoming "industry standard setters" as it enters the 2.0 phase of going global [2] - Tencent Cloud is accelerating its overseas market strategy, particularly in Hong Kong, which serves as a key entry point for Chinese technology to showcase its capabilities [2][4] Industry Trends - Shenzhen's financial technology influence is growing, with the city ranking ninth globally and second in fintech according to the GFCI38 report [2] - The collaboration between Shenzhen and Hong Kong is fostering a conducive environment for fintech companies to explore international markets [2] Company Strategy - Tencent Cloud is providing digital transformation support to nearly 400 financial clients across over 20 countries and regions [2] - The company has established deep partnerships with two digital banks in Hong Kong, offering both private and public cloud solutions [4][5] Market Opportunities - The demand for cloud services is increasing among both traditional and digital banks, with digital banks showing a higher dependency on cloud infrastructure due to their online business models [5][11] - Tencent Cloud's overseas business is experiencing double-digit growth annually, with significant breakthroughs in markets like Hong Kong and Southeast Asia [8] Challenges and Solutions - Tencent Cloud faces challenges in aligning with the existing traditional systems of overseas financial institutions, which require significant upgrades for digital transformation [9][10] - The company is addressing these challenges by collaborating with industry application developers to create tailored solutions for clients [10] AI and Future Prospects - The current year is referred to as the "Year of the Intelligent Agent," with significant opportunities for cloud service providers to develop AI capabilities [12][14] - Tencent Cloud aims to leverage its extensive internet ecosystem to integrate AI capabilities into financial applications, enhancing business value for financial institutions [17]

Core Insights - Sichuan Bank aims to achieve a fully autonomous and controllable technology stack through the implementation of TencentOS, which is designed to address core challenges in the bank's digital transformation [1][5][8] Company Overview - Sichuan Bank was established on November 7, 2020, as the first provincial-level urban commercial bank in Sichuan Province, with an asset scale approaching 700 billion [1] - The bank has achieved a significant growth trajectory, targeting a scale of 1 trillion by 2024 [1] Project Timeline - The new generation information system project commenced in May 2022, with a comprehensive technology stack being built by September 2023, including 13 project groups [2] - The project aims for full autonomy and control over 93 business systems by May 2025 [2] Technical Requirements - The core requirement for the new system is full-stack autonomy from chip to system, focusing on security, ecosystem compatibility, and performance [4] - Key considerations include stable operation, compatibility with mainstream CPUs, and optimization for financial scenarios [4] Operating System Selection - TencentOS was chosen for its robust product capabilities, having been deployed over 10 million times and proven in critical business scenarios [5] - The operating system meets Sichuan Bank's requirements for security, stability, and performance optimization [5][6] Business Value - The cloud platform for Sichuan Bank is built on over 1,300 physical servers using TencentOS, supporting 93 application systems and over 60,000 containers [6] - This setup ensures a fully controllable supply chain from hardware to application systems [6] Future Outlook - Sichuan Bank plans to deepen its digital transformation by focusing on AI applications in risk control, customer service, and operational efficiency [8] - Future work with TencentOS will include performance optimization for high-frequency trading, enhancing ecosystem compatibility, and exploring AI integration [8]

Core Insights - The article highlights the shift in the database market in China, where domestic databases like GaussDB have overtaken Oracle, marking a significant change in the competitive landscape [1][8] - The importance of databases in IT architecture is emphasized, particularly in the context of digital transformation and national technology sovereignty [3][4] Market Dynamics - Oracle, once a dominant player in the database sector, has seen its presence diminish in China, now only existing in a "small number of business systems" [1] - Huawei Cloud's GaussDB has achieved a market share of 13.9%, surpassing Oracle for the first time in the local deployment market [1][8] Technological Advancements - GaussDB has made significant advancements in performance and reliability, achieving transaction processing capabilities that are twice that of competitors under the same hardware configuration [4] - The database can handle 3-node clusters with 3.8 million transactions per minute, equating to 6,333 transactions per second [4] Security and Compliance - GaussDB is the only domestic database to receive the highest security certification (CC EAL4+) and has implemented a comprehensive data protection scheme [5] - The database features a "four defenses" system to ensure data integrity and security against various threats [5] Intelligent Features - GaussDB integrates AI to enhance operational efficiency, providing intelligent assistance for development and maintenance [6] - The database supports rapid fault diagnosis with a 90% accuracy rate, significantly improving system health checks [6] Case Studies - Postal Savings Bank has successfully implemented GaussDB to support a large-scale distributed core system, handling 650 million personal customers and 2 billion transactions daily [6] - Industrial and Commercial Bank of China improved its fault recovery time from 15-30 minutes to just 2 minutes after migrating to GaussDB, showcasing the database's efficiency [6] Strategic Positioning - GaussDB is positioned as a superior choice for enterprises, extending its application beyond finance to sectors like government and energy [7] - The article asserts that with the rise of domestic databases, Chinese enterprises can achieve true digital transformation without being constrained by foreign technology [8]

Core Viewpoint - Oracle's dominance in the Chinese market has led to its eventual exit due to its refusal to adapt and respect local needs, resulting in a backlash from Chinese companies and a shift towards domestic alternatives [1][27]. Group 1: Oracle's Initial Success in China - Oracle entered the Chinese market in 1989, capitalizing on the financial system's information technology wave, quickly becoming the preferred choice for major banks with a 70% market share by 2000 [3][12]. - The company leveraged its advanced relational database technology, which was critical for Chinese financial institutions [3][5]. Group 2: Exploitative Practices - Oracle imposed exorbitant fees on Chinese companies, such as a 20% annual service fee on a 20 million yuan software contract with China Mobile, forcing companies to comply despite the high costs [5][7]. - Instances of punitive measures against companies that did not comply with Oracle's demands, such as fines imposed on China Unicom, highlighted Oracle's aggressive business tactics [7][9]. Group 3: Chinese Companies' Response - The turning point for Chinese companies came in 2008 when Alibaba, facing Oracle's price hikes, decided to develop its own database, OceanBase, which later outperformed Oracle's technology [14][15]. - Other companies like Huawei and Tencent followed suit, creating competitive products that addressed the limitations of Oracle's centralized architecture [19][21]. Group 4: Policy Changes and Market Shift - Government policies mandated a shift towards domestic software, with a requirement for a minimum of 70% procurement of local software, significantly reducing Oracle's market share in key government projects [21][25]. - By 2024, domestic databases captured 80% of the market, while Oracle's share plummeted to 5% [25]. Group 5: Oracle's Decline - Oracle's refusal to acknowledge its declining position led to further isolation, including lawsuits against Chinese tech firms for alleged intellectual property theft [27][30]. - The company's global market share fell to 5% by 2024, with significant losses in key contracts, including a $100 billion cloud computing bid from the U.S. Department of Defense [30][32].

Core Viewpoint - Oracle's decline in the Chinese market is attributed to its arrogance and failure to adapt to local dynamics, leading to significant losses in market share and customer trust [2][19][20]. Group 1: Company Actions and Employee Treatment - In May 2019, Oracle's China R&D center laid off over 900 employees, marking a significant reduction in its operations in the country [1]. - The company's founder, Larry Ellison, expressed a dismissive attitude towards Chinese engineers, stating they only needed to operate systems rather than develop them [3][6]. - Oracle's internal culture limited the career advancement of Chinese employees, as demonstrated by a talented engineer whose achievements were overshadowed by American colleagues [6]. Group 2: Customer Relations and Market Impact - Oracle's aggressive business practices included imposing hefty fines on clients like China Unicom for not using designated teams, showcasing a lack of flexibility [8]. - The company halted technical support for the State Grid when it attempted to migrate to domestic servers, leading to significant operational disruptions [10]. - In 2008, Alibaba's decision to develop its own database, OceanBase, was a direct response to Oracle's exorbitant service fee increases, marking a pivotal moment in the competitive landscape [11][12]. Group 3: Rise of Domestic Competitors - The success of Alibaba's OceanBase database signaled the emergence of strong domestic competitors, with Huawei and Tencent also developing their own database solutions [14]. - By 2017, OceanBase surpassed Oracle in performance metrics, winning international recognition [14]. - Oracle's market share in government projects plummeted from over 90% to below 60% as domestic alternatives gained traction [16]. Group 4: Policy and Market Shifts - The Chinese government's "self-controllable" policy initiated in 2016 encouraged the adoption of domestic technologies, further pressuring Oracle's position [17]. - In 2018, China Construction Bank's decision to stop using Oracle's database in favor of domestic solutions marked a significant loss for the company [17]. Group 5: Broader Implications and Future Outlook - Oracle's downfall in China is attributed not only to competition but also to its own hubris and failure to respect the local market [19]. - The company's global cloud market share is only about 5%, significantly lagging behind competitors like Amazon and Microsoft [20]. - Oracle's acquisition of Cerner for $28 billion has resulted in substantial debt, complicating its financial situation [21].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the dramatic decline of Oracle in the Chinese market, highlighting how the company's arrogance and discriminatory practices led to its downfall, while Chinese companies, particularly Alibaba, rose to prominence in the database industry. Group 1: Oracle's Dominance and Decline - Oracle entered the Chinese market in 1989, quickly capturing over 90% of the database market share due to a lack of local competition [8][6] - By the 2000s, Oracle was generating billions in software licensing and maintenance fees from China, leading to a sense of entitlement within the company [9][11] - The company's founder, Larry Ellison, openly expressed disdain for Chinese employees, stating they would never hold senior positions, which fostered resentment among local engineers [13][15] Group 2: The Rise of Domestic Competitors - In response to Oracle's price hikes and perceived exploitation, Alibaba's Jack Ma decided to develop a domestic database solution, leading to the creation of OceanBase [20][27] - The successful migration of Alibaba's core transaction system to OceanBase during the 2013 Double 11 shopping festival marked a significant turning point, demonstrating the viability of domestic technology [29][31] - Other Chinese tech giants like Huawei and Tencent followed suit, developing their own database solutions, further eroding Oracle's market position [31][39] Group 3: Policy Changes and Market Dynamics - A 2016 government directive mandated the prioritization of domestic databases for government procurement, significantly impacting Oracle's market share [33][35] - By 2020, domestic vendors held 80% of the Chinese database market, with a complete ecosystem established for database technology [39][42] - The shift in focus towards data sovereignty and security has led to increased demand for domestic solutions in various developing regions [42] Group 4: Oracle's Strategic Retreat - In 2019, Oracle laid off over 900 employees in China, signaling a strategic retreat as the company recognized its diminishing influence in the market [44][46] - The company's failure to innovate and adapt to new technologies like cloud computing contributed to its decline, as it clung to outdated practices [47][51] - Oracle's global cloud service market share has dwindled to around 5%, highlighting its struggle to compete with companies like Amazon and Microsoft [53][55] Group 5: Lessons Learned - The narrative serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of arrogance and complacency in business, illustrating how a lack of respect for local talent and market dynamics can lead to downfall [55][57] - The transformation of the Chinese database industry from a "student" to a "teacher" reflects a broader shift in global technology leadership [57]

Core Insights - The distributed database market in China is increasingly concentrating among leading vendors, with Ant Group's OceanBase, ZTE's Jin Zhuan Xin Ke, and Tencent Cloud accounting for 60% of the local deployment market share in 2024 [1][3] - The overall market size for distributed databases in the Chinese financial sector is projected to reach 2.037 billion RMB in 2024, with major players like Tencent Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, OceanBase, Huawei Cloud, and Jin Zhuan Xin Ke holding over 70% of the market [1][2] - IDC forecasts that by 2027, the number of active vendors in the distributed database market will drop to fewer than ten, leading to intensified competition among top players [1][3] Market Trends - The local deployment segment of the distributed database software market is expected to reach $190 million in 2024, growing by 16.2% year-on-year, while the public cloud market is projected to reach $240 million, with a year-on-year growth of 15.9% [2] - In the financial sector, local deployment accounts for 72.26% of the distributed database market, primarily serving large banks and various financial institutions [2][3] - The market is transitioning from "core replacement" to "full integration," with increasing barriers to entry accelerating market consolidation [1][3] Competitive Landscape - In the financial distributed database market, Tencent Cloud (21.3%), Alibaba Cloud (18.5%), OceanBase (18.3%), and Huawei Cloud (15.9%) are the top four players [3] - OceanBase leads the local deployment market with a 23.9% share, followed by Jin Zhuan Xin Ke (21.7%), Tencent Cloud (20.0%), and Huawei Cloud (19.2%) [3] - The competitive dynamics show that each major vendor has distinct strengths and strategies, with OceanBase focusing on large banks and expanding into foreign banks [5][6] Future Outlook - The market is expected to experience a "convergence" trend from 2025 to 2028, with increasing concentration among a few leading vendors [3][6] - The demand for unitized architecture and cross-cloud deployment capabilities is rising among large financial institutions, while smaller institutions prioritize lightweight and cost-effective solutions [6] - OceanBase is expanding its business beyond finance into sectors like telecommunications, energy, and healthcare, indicating a diversification strategy [8][9]

Core Insights - The domestic database industry is facing a critical period with less than two years remaining for companies to adapt to the "Xinchuang" (indigenous innovation) requirements set by the government [2][3] - The "State-owned Assets Document No. 79" mandates that by the end of 2027, all central enterprises must have secure and reliable information systems replaced with domestic alternatives [3] - The domestic database market is highly competitive, with nearly 300 companies participating, categorized into three main camps: academic, tech giants, and startups [3][4] Market Dynamics - The financial sector is the largest customer for databases, accounting for 20% of the market, making it crucial for database companies to establish a foothold in this area [6][11] - Current domestic database replacement rates in various sectors show that the financial industry has a 40% replacement rate for non-core systems and only 15% for core systems [9][10] - The overall market for domestic database replacements is expected to grow rapidly, with significant opportunities in the financial sector as foreign products currently dominate [18] Challenges and Competition - The transition to domestic databases in the financial sector is complex, with banks prioritizing stability and performance, especially for core business systems [12][13] - The core banking systems are still predominantly reliant on foreign databases, with over 80% market share, indicating a substantial opportunity for domestic vendors [18] - The competition among domestic database vendors has intensified, leading to a phenomenon of "internal competition" or "involution," where companies are pressured to lower prices and enhance features, including AI capabilities [22][23][26] Technological Landscape - The domestic database market features a wide variety of products, with over 280 types available, focusing on compatibility, especially with Oracle [23] - Despite the push for AI integration, the actual necessity and effectiveness of AI features in databases remain questionable, with many vendors emphasizing AI capabilities more for marketing than practical application [28][30] - The integration of AI into database management is seen as a future trend, but current implementations are still in the early stages and may not meet immediate operational needs [30][31]

Core Viewpoint - Tencent has officially announced the promotion of Wang Huixing to Vice President, overseeing multiple departments within Tencent Cloud, marking a significant leadership change within the company [2]. Group 1: Promotion Details - Wang Huixing has been promoted to Vice President of Tencent, responsible for Tencent Cloud's Product Division 2, Product Division 4, Technical Support Division, Cloud Operations Service Division, and Cloud Security, with a dotted line management of Product Division 1 [2]. - Wang Huixing has been with Tencent since 2004 and has played a crucial role in the development of key products and infrastructure, contributing to Tencent's dominance in the social media space [2]. Group 2: Contributions and Achievements - Wang was instrumental in the early technical architecture of Tencent's major platforms like QQ and QQ Space, which helped establish Tencent's leading position in social networking [2]. - He has led the development of Tencent Cloud's core product system from the ground up, continuously optimizing product performance and creating industry-leading products such as TDSQL and TRTC [2].