石破茂 （资料图） 在应对特朗普美国政府实施的关税措施方面，石破茂任命亲信、经济财政・再生相赤泽亮正为主要谈判 代表，于7月就降低关税税率及促进日本对美国投资等问题达成协议。 在辞职前夕发表的"战后80年感言"中，石破从政府和国会体制角度分析了导致过去战争爆发的原因。他 强调："政治家必须具备不向不负责任的民粹主义屈服、不随波逐流的自尊与责任感"。 版权声明：日本经济新闻社版权所有，未经授权不得转载或部分复制，违者必究。 日经中文网 https://cn.nikkei.com 石破茂的在任天数共计386天，在战后36位日本首相中排名第24位，紧随森喜朗之后…… 石破茂内阁在10月21日上午的内阁会议上正式总辞职。自2024年10月1日就任以来，石破茂的在任天数 共计386天，在战后36位日本首相中排名第24位，紧随森喜朗之后。任期内，他推动了防灾专业省厅的 设立，并致力于提高工资水平，同时还发表了纪念战后80年感言。 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the rise of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) in China, highlighting the dominance of Chinese companies like BYD and Geely in the global PHEV market [3] - It contrasts the PHEV technology of Chinese manufacturers with Toyota's Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) technology, suggesting that Toyota's advantage may diminish in the PHEV sector [3] - The article emphasizes the current mainstream use of series PHEV configurations in Chinese vehicles, which primarily rely on electric motors for propulsion [3][4] Group 1 - The article notes that PHEVs are gaining traction in China, with BYD and Geely leading the global market [3] - It points out that the series configuration of PHEVs, where the engine is used solely for generating electricity, is prevalent among Chinese manufacturers [3] - The article mentions that Nissan is also utilizing a similar series approach in its vehicles [3] Group 2 - The article identifies a significant challenge for series PHEVs, which perform well at low to medium speeds but experience efficiency drops at high speeds [4] - It highlights the need for improved high-speed fuel efficiency in PHEVs due to China's vast geography and the demand for long-distance travel [4] - The article discusses Honda's e:HEV technology, which combines series and parallel configurations to enhance performance [4]

Core Viewpoint - China's total export volume of rare earth magnets in September increased by 17.5% year-on-year, reaching 5,773 tons, while exports to the U.S. significantly decreased [2][4]. Group 1: Export Data - In September, China's rare earth magnet exports to the U.S. were 420 tons, a decrease of 29.5% year-on-year and 28.7% month-on-month, marking two consecutive months of significant decline [2][4]. - Exports to Germany increased by 27.9% to 1,288 tons, while exports to South Korea surged by 84.5% to 854 tons, and exports to Japan rose by 20.8% to 228 tons [4]. Group 2: Market Context - China holds a 70% share of global rare earth production, with rare earth magnets accounting for over 80% of this production [4]. - Amidst stalled U.S.-China trade negotiations, China plans to reduce monthly exports of rare earth magnets to the U.S. from over 400 tons in 2024 to 46 tons by May 2025, seeking to ease semiconductor restrictions imposed by the U.S. [4]. Group 3: Regulatory Environment - In August, the Chinese government implemented stricter regulations on rare earth production management, which may lead to a halt in exports to the U.S. due to increased scrutiny [4].

Core Viewpoint - The collaboration between BYD and AEON in Japan is expected to transform the domestic automotive distribution framework, which has been predominantly controlled by manufacturers and their affiliated stores [2][5]. Group 1: Collaboration Details - AEON will engage in a "sales intermediary" role, facilitating orders and purchase contracts while collaborating with BYD's exclusive stores to showcase vehicles in their commercial facilities [3]. - BYD aims to increase its exclusive stores in Japan to 100 by 2025, with AEON establishing sales points near these stores [3]. - AEON will independently set prices and promotional activities, offering customers points in AEON's electronic currency "WAON" and discounts on home charger installation, potentially reducing the purchase price by around 1 million yen [3]. Group 2: Market Context - In the first half of 2025, domestic sales of pure electric passenger vehicles in Japan are projected to grow by 3% year-on-year, reaching 28,501 units, marking a return to positive growth after a year [3]. - However, the market share of new electric vehicles, including hybrids and gasoline cars, remains low at around 1%, compared to approximately 20% in overseas markets, indicating challenges in infrastructure development [3]. - As of February, AEON operates about 2,500 electric vehicle chargers across 374 stores, aiming to enhance customer convenience by allowing charging while shopping [5]. Group 3: BYD's Strategic Moves - BYD's expansion in Japan is partly driven by slowing sales in China and increasing competition among EV manufacturers, with inventory reaching 150 billion yuan by the end of March 2025 [6]. - The company plans to launch a pure electric light vehicle specifically developed for the Japanese market by 2026 [6]. - BYD's presence in Japan is growing, with approximately 20% of the EV import market share as of September, indicating a strengthening foothold in the region [5].

Core Viewpoint - Sony has relocated its children's science education facility, originally opened in 2000, and has fully updated its exhibition content to enhance brand penetration in the Chinese market [1][3]. Group 1 - The new facility, named "Sony Explora Science," is located in Beijing and utilizes Sony's proprietary technologies and intellectual properties (IP) to create interactive experience zones [1][3]. - The facility is designed to attract a wide age range, including children and young people, featuring over 40 interactive experience areas [3]. - The previous version of the facility has received over 3.7 million visitors since its inception [5]. Group 2 - One of the highlights includes a photography area equipped with 36 cameras that can generate a virtual avatar of visitors within approximately 3 minutes, allowing them to engage in combat games with their avatars [5][6]. - Additional experiences include using characters from Sony's animated production "Dinosaur Days" and a technical area for creating animations through frame-by-frame photography [5].

Group 1 - The Nikkei average index closed at 49,185.50 points on October 20, marking a historical high, with a significant increase of 1,603.35 points (3.37%) from the previous weekend [2] - The political uncertainty in Japan has decreased with the likelihood of Fumio Kishida, the president of the Liberal Democratic Party, being elected as Prime Minister, which has reignited market expectations for fiscal expansion and monetary easing policies [2][4] - The market is optimistic about the performance of domestic Japanese companies, especially with the upcoming financial reports for the period from April to September 2025, which could lead the Nikkei average to potentially surpass 50,000 points in November [4] Group 2 - The recent rise in the US stock market, particularly the rebound of the Dow Jones Industrial Average after three days of decline, has positively influenced investor sentiment in Japan [5] - The performance of Fifth Third Bancorp, which exceeded market expectations in its earnings report, has alleviated concerns regarding credit risks in US regional banks, contributing to a favorable environment for Japanese financial stocks [5] - Some Japanese banks, including Mitsubishi UFJ and Mizuho Financial Group, experienced a recovery in stock prices due to capital inflows following the positive sentiment from the US market [5]

Core Insights - The new iPhone Air, launched on September 19, features a unique irregularly shaped battery that allows it to maintain the same battery life as the iPhone 16 Plus while being thinner and lighter [2][4][9]. Design and Battery Innovations - The iPhone Air has a 7% smaller area, 28% reduced thickness, and 17% lighter weight compared to the iPhone 16 Plus, yet it offers the same video playback time of 27 hours [4]. - The battery's negative electrode material is made of silicon instead of traditional graphite, which enhances the efficiency of the smaller battery [9]. - The complexity of the battery's irregular shape requires precise manufacturing to ensure balanced chemical reactions among its components [6]. Functional Adjustments - To accommodate the larger battery and reduce power consumption, the iPhone Air has eliminated several features, including reducing the rear camera from two to one and consolidating speakers to the top of the device [10]. - The layout of components has been significantly altered, with electronic parts concentrated at the top of the device, and the SIM card slot has been replaced with an electronic version [12]. Semiconductor and Power Efficiency - Apple has improved its semiconductor designs, introducing new components like the "N1" for wireless communication and "C1X" for mobile communication, which reportedly reduces overall power consumption by 30% compared to previous models [14]. - The estimated cost of the iPhone Air's battery is $22, which is 2.8 times higher than that of the iPhone 16 Plus, indicating increased production costs [9]. Market Positioning and Pricing Strategy - The estimated cost of the base model (256GB) of the iPhone Air is approximately $539, with a cost rate of 54%, similar to the iPhone 16 Plus [15]. - The iPhone Air is priced at $999 for the minimum storage option, reflecting Apple's strategy to discontinue lower-margin products and focus on higher-capacity models [15]. Technological Limitations - Despite the innovations in design, the iPhone Air shows limited technological advancements in hardware, with industry experts noting a shrinking space for hardware innovation in smartphones [16].

Group 1 - The actual GDP growth rate for July to September 2025 is 4.8%, which is a slowdown from 5.2% in April to June, primarily due to weak real estate affecting domestic demand [2][4] - Fixed asset investment decreased by 0.5% in the first three quarters, indicating negative growth, while infrastructure investment grew by 1.1% [4] - The retail sales of consumer goods increased by 4.5% in the first three quarters, a decline from 5.0% in the first half of the year, with restaurant revenue growing by 3.3% [4] Group 2 - Industrial added value for large-scale industries grew by 6.2% in the first three quarters, but the growth rate slowed from 6.4% in the first half [4] - Exports (in USD) increased by 6.6% in July to September, with a trade surplus growing by 12% year-on-year, despite a decrease in exports to the US [5]

Group 1 - The relationship between the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Japan Innovation Party (JIP) is strengthening, with potential cooperation models including joint cabinet members and policy agreements, which will impact the stability of governance [2][4] - On October 17, LDP President Sanae Takaichi and JIP representative Fumitake Fujita held a second policy consultation regarding the Prime Minister's nomination election and joint governance, with significant progress reported [4] - JIP's Yoshimura indicated that if an agreement on reducing the number of parliamentary seats is not reached, they will not join the ruling coalition, while LDP seeks to form a "complete version" of a coalition government [4][7] Group 2 - The "complete version" of cooperation involves signing policy agreements and having JIP members in the cabinet, which means both parties share responsibility for governance [7] - The relationship between LDP and Komeito has lasted for 26 years, with cooperation on budget proposals and election candidate recommendations, but this does not guarantee long-term governance stability [7][9] - The next level of cooperation is "outside cabinet cooperation," where no cabinet members are appointed, but policy agreements are signed, allowing participation in governance [7][8] Group 3 - The loosest form of cooperation is called "partial alliance," where the ruling party negotiates specific policies with opposition parties, often necessary when the ruling party lacks a majority [9] - The 2024 government led by Ishihara is expected to adopt this cooperative structure due to LDP and Komeito's defeat in the House of Representatives elections, leading to a minority government [9]

Core Viewpoint - The Japan Restoration Party, represented by Yoshimura Hirofumi, has reached a preliminary agreement with the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) to establish a coalition government, focusing on 12 key policy areas [2][5]. Group 1: Coalition Agreement - Yoshimura announced that the negotiations on 12 items have largely reached consensus, and a formal coalition agreement will be signed [2][4]. - The coalition is expected to be an "outside cabinet cooperation," meaning the Japan Restoration Party will not send members to the cabinet [4][5]. - A meeting between Yoshimura and LDP President Takagi Sanae is scheduled to finalize the coalition agreement [4][5]. Group 2: Policy Negotiations - The Japan Restoration Party is advocating for a 10% reduction in the number of members in the National Diet, which the LDP leadership is open to discussing under certain conditions [6]. - There is ongoing discussion regarding a two-year zero consumption tax rate on food, with potential for compromise through cross-party negotiations [6]. - The party is also pushing for a ban on political donations from corporations and organizations, which will continue to be a topic of negotiation [6]. Group 3: Political Context - The agreement with the LDP is crucial ahead of the prime ministerial nomination election scheduled for October 21, where Takagi is expected to be elected as prime minister if the agreement is finalized [5][7]. - The Japan Restoration Party's internal meetings have shown overwhelming support for the outside cabinet cooperation approach, with no significant opposition expressed [5].