编者按 "绿水青山就是金山银山"，习近平总书记20年前在浙江工作时提出的"两山"理念，已成为习近平 生态文明思想的核心理念，这一理念，深刻阐明了经济发展和生态环境保护的关系，既是重要的 发展理念，也是推进现代化建设的重大原则。它深刻重塑了中国的发展轨迹，成为生态文明建设 的重要指引，也为全球可持续发展提供了中国智慧和中国方案。本期《思想周刊》特邀请四川的 专家学者，分享"两山"理念对全国全球生态治理转型的启示意义，同时也展示四川创造性地把 对"两山"理念的认识转化成为生产绿色产品、发展绿色经济的创新实践，以飨读者。 "两山"理念的价值意蕴 ●"两山"理念从中国生态文明建设的客观实际和丰富实践出发，创造性地发展了马克思主义关于人 与自然关系的思想、关于生产和生态辩证统一关系的思想，找到了人与自然和谐共生的中国式现 代化发展之路，引领中国实现发展范式的历史性变革，推动生态文明建设发生历史性、转折性、 全局性变化，并为全球可持续发展和环境治理贡献力量 □沈超群 "两山"理念摒弃了机械论自然观，创造性发展了马克思主义劳动价值论和自然生产力理论，将生 态资源纳入生产力范畴。传统发展观往往只看到"绿水青山"的物质形态和生 ...

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of cultural prosperity and building a strong cultural nation, as highlighted by Xi Jinping's remarks on the development of a new era of socialist culture with strong ideological leadership, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence [2][4][9] - The concept of ideological leadership is identified as the core competitiveness of culture, with the assertion that thought is the soul of culture and serves as its carrier, reflecting specific ideological systems that determine the nature of culture [3][4] - The historical context shows that the development of Chinese culture has been influenced by world history, with a focus on enhancing the ideological leadership of socialism with Chinese characteristics to compete in the global cultural arena [4][6] Group 2 - The Communist Party of China has continuously advanced the sinicization and modernization of Marxism, establishing a solid ideological foundation for the development of a scientific and popular socialist culture [6][8] - The Party's historical journey reflects its commitment to cultural renewal and advancement, with significant milestones in cultural policy development across different historical periods [7][8] - The strategic deployment of cultural construction has evolved, with recent Party congresses emphasizing the importance of cultural confidence and the promotion of socialist culture [8][9] Group 3 - The principle of "two combinations" is essential for promoting theoretical innovation and cultural prosperity, highlighting the integration of Marxism with Chinese realities and traditional culture [9][10] - The enhancement of cultural ideological leadership is linked to the Party's commitment to using innovative theoretical achievements to educate and unify the populace [11][12] - The interaction between ideological content and cultural carriers is crucial for strengthening the cultural foundation necessary for national rejuvenation [12]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of deepening understanding of the Party's innovative theories to enhance the capabilities and work styles of Party members, which are essential for transforming both subjective and objective worlds [1][2][6]. Group 1: Theoretical Understanding - The Party's innovative theories serve as spiritual nourishment for transforming subjective worlds and are crucial for understanding the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics [2][6]. - The publication of "Selected Works of Xi Jinping on Economics" provides insights into the new development stage, development concepts, and high-quality development, which are key to grasping the Party's innovative theories [2][3]. Group 2: Development Stages - The article identifies that China's economy has shifted from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development, which is now considered a fundamental principle for the new era [3][4]. - The new development stage is characterized by the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country and the pursuit of the second centenary goal [4][5]. Group 3: Environmental and Economic Policies - The article discusses the need for a new development paradigm, termed "dual circulation," to enhance resilience and competitiveness in response to global supply chain disruptions caused by the pandemic [5][10]. - Emphasizing ecological protection, the article highlights the importance of balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability, as seen in initiatives like the "Ten-Year Fishing Ban" and the establishment of green factories [10][11]. Group 4: Governance and Legal Framework - The article stresses the necessity of adhering to the rule of law in governance, ensuring that all actions are legally authorized and that enterprises are protected from arbitrary enforcement [13][14]. - It advocates for a legal framework that addresses regulatory challenges while promoting a fair and efficient business environment, as demonstrated by recent reforms in food safety and waste reduction [14][16].

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of deepening understanding of the Party's innovative theories as a means to transform subjective and objective worlds [1][5][6] - The transition of China's economy from a high-speed growth phase to a high-quality development phase is highlighted as a key characteristic of the current economic stage [2][3] - The new development concept, which includes innovation, coordination, green development, openness, and sharing, serves as a guiding principle for China's development [4][5] Group 2 - The concept of "green development" is prioritized, with significant initiatives such as the implementation of the "Ten-Year Fishing Ban" and the introduction of the Yangtze River Protection Law [9][10] - The focus on ecological protection is seen as essential for sustainable development, with examples of successful projects in renewable energy and green factories [9][10] - The integration of legal frameworks to ensure fair treatment of enterprises and to combat corruption is emphasized as a means to create a better business environment [12][13][14] Group 3 - The importance of practical action and adherence to the rule of law in governance is underscored, with a call for leaders to be both clean and bold in their actions [12][13][16] - The need for continuous learning and adaptation among Party members is presented as a lifelong commitment to improving governance and service to the public [17]

Group 1 - The article discusses the evolution of economic thought regarding "good institutions," highlighting the shift from Keynesianism to neoliberalism and the implications of this shift on the understanding of capitalism and alternative models like the "Chinese model" [2][4][5] - The 2024 Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to three American new institutional economists for their research on how institutions form and affect economic prosperity, sparking widespread debate in the domestic academic community [4][2] - The concept of "good institutions" is simplified to "efficient institutions," with historical perspectives from Adam Smith to Marx influencing the discourse on what constitutes a good institution [4][5][6] Group 2 - The article identifies three core questions surrounding the understanding of good institutions: what they are, what goals they should pursue, and how they come into existence [6][8][9] - New institutional economists argue that good institutions should be inclusive economic and political systems, a view that may not necessarily apply to non-Western contexts like China [9][10] - The article critiques the historical narratives constructed by new institutional economists, suggesting that their emphasis on property rights as the cornerstone of economic success overlooks other significant factors [12][13][14] Group 3 - The discussion extends to the challenges posed by artificial intelligence and technological advancements, which may exacerbate issues of unemployment and income distribution, echoing Keynes's concerns [20][27][28] - The article emphasizes the need for a re-evaluation of what constitutes a good institution in light of contemporary economic challenges, particularly regarding short-term issues like employment and income inequality [29][31][34] - It concludes that understanding good institutions requires a focus on both historical context and the evolving economic landscape, advocating for reforms that address the dual concerns of unemployment and inequitable distribution [30][32][34]

Core Points - The first complete Chinese translation of "The Communist Manifesto," published in August 1920, is now on display at the former site of the Suzhou Independent Branch of the Communist Party of China [1][2] - This edition is a national first-class cultural relic, with only 12 copies known to exist, some of which are damaged or incomplete [1] - The displayed copy is a replica, with the original preserved in the Shaoxing Archives, noted for its good condition and verifiable provenance [1] Summary by Sections - **Historical Significance**: The 1920 translation by Chen Wangdao was published in Shanghai, marking a pivotal moment in the spread of Marxist ideology in China [1] - **Key Figures**: Ye Tiandi, a founder of the Shanghai Socialist Youth League, cherished this copy and used it for Marxist promotion in his hometown after returning due to illness [2] - **Preservation Journey**: The copy was passed down through generations, eventually being handed over to the Party organization in 1991, highlighting its historical importance [2] - **Current Status**: The original is housed in the special collection of the Shaoxing Archives, while the displayed items are replicas authorized for exhibition [2]

Core Points - The article reflects on the historical significance of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the choices made by its early members, emphasizing the party's journey from a small group to a major political force in China [1][3][27] Group 1: Historical Context - In 1921, China was at a crossroads, with various ideologies competing for influence among intellectuals, leading to confusion about the country's future [3] - The founding of the CCP on July 23, 1921, involved 13 representatives, marking the beginning of a political movement that would drastically change China [3][28] Group 2: Key Figures - Mao Zedong and He Shuheng were among the early members who traveled to Shanghai to attend the first party congress, which was a pivotal moment in their political careers [5][21] - Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu were significant figures in the early days of the CCP, with Duxiu being a prominent leader despite not attending the first congress [11][12] Group 3: The First Congress - The first congress was held in a secretive manner at Li Hanjun's residence, where the party's foundational documents were drafted [28][34] - The congress faced internal debates regarding the party's direction, including whether to engage in revolutionary activities or focus on theoretical studies [29][30] Group 4: Outcomes and Legacy - The congress concluded with the election of Chen Duxiu as the party's first general secretary, setting the stage for the CCP's future direction [34] - The early members of the CCP faced various fates, with some later leaving the party or becoming adversaries, illustrating the tumultuous nature of political allegiance during that era [35][36][38]

Core Points - The article emphasizes the significance of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in shaping modern China and its historical achievements [1][2] - It highlights the CPC's commitment to self-revolution and maintaining close ties with the people, which has been crucial for its leadership and unity [2][3] - The article discusses the importance of adhering to Marxism and the CPC's ideological foundation to ensure continued progress in the modernization of China [3][4] Summary by Sections Historical Context - The CPC has been integral to the establishment of New China and the happiness of the Chinese people over the past century [2] - The party has navigated various challenges while maintaining its historical initiative and focus on national rejuvenation [2] Ideological Foundation - The belief in Marxism and socialism is described as the political soul of the CPC, essential for its strength and practical effectiveness [3] - The article stresses the need for continuous ideological education and adherence to Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics [3] Future Directions - The CPC aims to maintain strategic determination and adapt to changing global circumstances to advance Chinese-style modernization [2][3] - The focus is on ensuring the party's strength and unity to achieve new victories in the ongoing historical struggle [2][3]

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of adapting Marx and Engels' principles to contemporary historical conditions, highlighting the need for scientific theories to align with specific situations [1] - Marx and Engels' early influences stemmed from German classical philosophy, British classical political economy, and French utopian socialism, which they critically inherited and developed [2] - The concept of dialectical materialism was created by Marx as a response to the limitations of previous philosophies, aiming to achieve the goal of "changing the world" [2] Group 2 - Marx and Engels believed that history progresses through a combination of maintaining established principles and innovating, as seen in their works that reflect the necessity of adapting to changing conditions [3] - The inherent unity of maintaining and innovating is evident in Marx's writings, where he critiques capitalism and argues for the inevitable victory of communism based on historical trends [4] - The realization of any theory depends on its relevance to a country's specific needs and cultural context, which has been a guiding principle for the party's development of Marxism over the past century [5] Group 3 - The essence of Marxism is its capacity for continuous development and self-improvement, as it is not a static doctrine but an evolving theoretical framework [6] - The commitment to both maintaining core principles and pursuing innovation is crucial for guiding new practices and achieving breakthroughs in various fields [6]

Core Viewpoint - The success of China's development represents the rise of a new force on the world stage, inspiring developing countries to seek their own development paths [2] Group 1: China's Development Achievements - Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, 800 million people have been lifted out of poverty, achieving the UN's 2030 sustainable development goal a decade early, significantly accelerating global poverty reduction [2] - China has made continuous achievements in industrial manufacturing and technological innovation, maintaining stable economic growth over the long term [4] Group 2: Global Initiatives and Cooperation - The global development initiative promotes inclusive growth, the global security initiative advocates for dialogue to resolve differences, and the global civilization initiative emphasizes harmony among different civilizations, reflecting China's commitment to global development [4] - China contributes to global governance through platforms like the BRICS cooperation mechanism and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, assisting developing countries in achieving their development goals [4] Group 3: Jordan's Perspective and Cooperation with China - Jordan faces multiple challenges in security and economic development, and the Jordanian Communist Party aims to unite more people to safeguard national interests and achieve economic independence [5] - Jordan has signed cooperation documents for the Belt and Road Initiative with China, seeking to enhance trade, particularly in chemical products, and welcomes more Chinese investments [5] - Arab countries view China as a reliable partner, appreciating its principles of mutual respect and win-win cooperation, which provide a model for economic independence and transformation [5]