江苏南京：打通"两座山"，绿涌"金"自来 ——写在世界环境日到来之际 □ 南京日报/紫金山新闻记者 杜莹 世界环境日到来之际，记者走访多地，探寻南京在"两山"理念指引下，以高品质生态环境支撑高质量发 展的生动实践和经验启示。 启示一：全域治理"一盘棋"，一座老山的"不老"传奇 早上7时刚过，浦口区老山林场西部林业管理区护林员邢庭誉便开始了一天的巡山工作。一双解放鞋、 一身迷彩服，左手扑火把、右手大喇叭，是他巡山护林的全部装备。 巡护车停在山脚，邢庭誉带领记者沿着碎石路前行，眼前的翠云矿山已铺满"绿毯"，曾经的废弃矿坑重 焕生机。"这些新长出的植被，是对生态修复最好的回馈。"邢庭誉感慨道。 老山层峦叠嶂，坐拥近百座山峰，老山林场共有林地面积约8.7万亩。曾经，这里偷采盗猎、林地侵占 时有发生，散乱的废弃矿坑犹如一块块刺眼的"伤疤"，"南京绿肺"的生态调节功能不断退化。加之浦口 5个街道中有4个和老山接壤，几乎所有职能部门的业务都涉及老山保护，责任主体多元、监管缺乏有效 统筹，导致老山面临"多头治理"困局。 转机出现在2012年，江苏省人大常委会批准《南京市老山景区保护条例》，次年起正式实施，以重典治 乱的力度推 ...

Group 1 - The core idea of the article emphasizes the vibrant and dynamic efforts in building a "Beautiful China," showcasing various ecological restoration projects across different regions [3][7][23] - The construction of Beautiful China pilot areas is highlighted as a crucial strategy for promoting ecological and environmental protection, aiming to create demonstrative models for sustainable development [8][9][23] - The article outlines specific initiatives and achievements in ecological governance, such as the transformation of urban landscapes and the integration of ecological concepts into urban planning [5][6][16] Group 2 - The article discusses the implementation of innovative systems and policies that enhance ecological protection and promote economic benefits, such as the establishment of carbon trading markets and ecological product value realization mechanisms [10][13][14] - It mentions the collaborative efforts among various regions, including the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Yellow River Basin, to improve water quality and restore ecosystems [16][20][21] - The role of community engagement and volunteerism in environmental protection is emphasized, showcasing how local populations contribute to ecological conservation efforts [18][19]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a beautiful China is a significant goal for the comprehensive modernization of the country, with a focus on ecological environment protection and sustainable development in Hubei Province, particularly in Enshi Prefecture [2][3]. Group 1: Ecological Environment Protection - Enshi Prefecture emphasizes the importance of ecological civilization as a fundamental strategy for sustainable development, integrating ecological protection into overall development plans [3][4]. - The region has established a robust mechanism for ecological environment protection, with strict responsibilities assigned to local government officials and regular assessments of environmental issues [4][6]. - Enshi has created seven national ecological civilization demonstration zones and achieved full coverage of provincial-level ecological civilization demonstration zones across all counties [4][6]. Group 2: Pollution Prevention and Control - Enshi Prefecture has maintained a comprehensive ecological quality index at the first level, with significant achievements in air, water, and soil pollution prevention [7]. - The region has completed 390 air pollution control projects and has a 90% utilization rate of straw resources, with air quality ranking first among Hubei's national examination cities for six consecutive years [7]. - Water quality in Enshi ranks second in Hubei, with 89 sewage treatment plants established and ongoing efforts to address industrial water pollution [7]. Group 3: Green and Low-Carbon Development - Enshi Prefecture is committed to transforming traditional industries towards greener practices, achieving a 25% share of non-fossil energy consumption and a 7.9% reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [8]. - The region is fostering emerging green industries, with projected comprehensive output value of the selenium industry exceeding 100 billion yuan in 2024, and significant growth in tourism and clean energy sectors [8][9]. Group 4: Beautiful China Initiative - Enshi Prefecture aims to create a model for beautiful cities and villages, with 97.2% of public transport being new energy vehicles and a 90% coverage rate for waste sorting in urban residential areas [10][11]. - The region has achieved a rural water supply rate of 92.43% and a sanitation toilet coverage rate of 93.6%, contributing to improved living conditions in rural areas [11]. - Enshi has implemented a comprehensive forest management strategy, achieving a forest coverage rate of 68.75% and ensuring 100% water quality in monitored river sections [11].

Core Viewpoint - The articles highlight the successful implementation of the "Two Mountains" concept in Gansu, showcasing how ecological protection and economic development can coexist and promote each other, particularly in regions like Chongxin and Gulang [2][4][12]. Group 1: Chongxin County's Ecological Practices - Chongxin County has integrated ecological civilization construction into the leadership assessment system, increasing its weight to 20%, and has developed a comprehensive ecological governance framework [5][22]. - The county has achieved significant ecological restoration, with 2.1 million square meters restored, a forest coverage rate of 46.64%, and a greening coverage rate of 53.11% [5][22]. - Pollution control efforts have led to air quality improvement, with over 91% of days classified as good air quality for three consecutive years, and surface water quality meeting Class III standards [5][22]. Group 2: Ecological Industry Development - Chongxin County has adopted an "ecology+" model, integrating agriculture, industry, and tourism to enhance economic growth [6][23]. - The agricultural sector has developed green food bases covering 120,000 acres, generating a green agricultural product value of 1.875 billion yuan [6][23]. - The industrial sector has established a green coal and electricity base, achieving a green industrial output value of 5.85 billion yuan, with a 15% reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP [6][23]. Group 3: Gulang County's Transformation - Gulang County has transformed from a poverty-stricken area to a leading economic region, with a projected GDP of 10.78 billion yuan in 2024 [9][25]. - The county has developed significant agricultural clusters, including a 10 billion yuan sheep industry cluster and a 5 billion yuan dairy industry cluster, with a sheep population of 3.5 million [11][27]. - Gulang has also focused on tourism, expecting to receive 7.23 million visitors in 2024, generating 4.929 billion yuan in tourism revenue [11][27]. Group 4: Linze County's Ecological Governance - Linze County has established a closed-loop mechanism for ecological governance, integrating various departments and ensuring accountability [14][30]. - The county has implemented significant environmental protection measures, achieving a 100% compliance rate for drinking water sources and improving air quality [15][31]. - Linze has also focused on the value realization of ecological products, with a GEP (Gross Ecosystem Product) of 11.986 billion yuan in 2023 [16][32]. Group 5: Overall Impact and Future Directions - The successful practices in these counties illustrate a replicable model for ecological protection and economic development in the Yellow River basin [12][28]. - The integration of ecological and economic strategies is expected to continue driving growth and sustainability in Gansu, contributing to the broader goals of ecological civilization [12][28].

图①：辽宁省丹东市鸭绿江口湿地航拍图。 曾 伟摄 图②：在北京玉渊潭公园拍摄到的苍鹭。 本报记者 张武军摄 图③：在云南省昆明市翠湖公园拍摄到的红嘴鸥。 晏廷昌摄 图④：在福建省永安市青水畲族乡丰田村拍摄到的白鹇。 张爱娟摄 图⑤：张爱娟在丰田村中拍摄白鹇。 受访者供图 图⑥：在江西省南昌市青山湖区拍摄到的鸳鸯。 陶长英摄 在北京玉渊潭赏苍鹭飞舞；于南京玄武湖畔观黑嘴鸥翩跹；赴云南盈江，拍河燕鸥捕食……观鸟如今正 受到越来越多人青睐。 依托珍稀鸟类带来的"生态流量"，各地大力发展"观鸟经济"，"观鸟+生态旅游""观鸟+自然教育"等新兴 业态加速形成。"观鸟经济"点"绿"成金，推动了生态产品的价值实现，拓展了绿水青山转化为金山银山 的路径。 ——编 者 辽宁丹东：用心呵护候鸟的迁徙路 万鸟翔集鸭绿江 本报记者 胡婧怡 位于辽宁丹东的鸭绿江口湿地，是东亚—澳大利西亚候鸟迁飞通道上的重要栖息地，也是世界上鸟类种 群最为集中的迁徙驿站之一。每年，超过50万只候鸟在此停歇，其中就包括全球仅有数百只的勺嘴鹬、 千余只的小青脚鹬等濒危物种。 夕阳的余晖把天空装扮成火红的舞台，涌动的浪潮奏响大自然的节拍……在鸭绿江口湿地，一 ...

Group 1 - The revised "Shaanxi Province Forest Management Regulations" was passed on May 28 and will take effect on July 1, emphasizing the importance of forest ecological protection and compensation mechanisms [1] - The regulations encourage the valuation of forest ecological products and forestry carbon trading, which are seen as key paths to realizing ecological product value in line with the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" [1] - The regulations allow for the reasonable use of public welfare forest land resources and forest landscape resources under certain conditions, promoting the development of the under-forest economy and forest tourism [1] Group 2 - The revision of the regulations categorizes public welfare forests and commercial forests based on ecological location and dominant functions, implementing different protection and management measures to guide scientific management [2] - The regulations aim to enhance the level of forest management and promote economic benefits from commercial forests through intensive management practices [1][2]

Core Viewpoint - The integration of the Yangtze River Delta is a significant strategy personally planned and promoted by President Xi Jinping, with the Yangtze River Delta Ecological Green Integrated Development Demonstration Zone serving as a crucial tool for implementing this strategy [1][3]. Group 1: Institutional Innovation and Collaboration - The demonstration zone has created replicable and promotable experiences in ecological protection and restoration, achieving a model of co-consultation, co-management, co-construction, sharing, and win-win outcomes [3][17]. - Over five years, 52 institutional innovation results have been promoted nationwide, showing significant achievements in collaborative governance, spatial planning, and green innovation development [7][17]. - A "Council + Executive Committee" governance model has been established, breaking down regional barriers and enhancing cross-regional cooperation in ecological protection [9][17]. Group 2: Spatial Planning and Land Management - The Yangtze River Delta Ecological Green Integrated Development Demonstration Zone's spatial planning covers an area of approximately 2,413 square kilometers, with a unified control system for land use and ecological protection [10][24]. - The overall planning aims to achieve "negative growth" in construction land, reducing the planned construction land area by 15.7 square kilometers, promoting a transformation in urban development models [10][11]. - The region has been designated as a pilot for comprehensive land remediation, ensuring no reduction in arable land while improving quality and ecological conditions [11][12]. Group 3: Ecological Restoration and Environmental Protection - The demonstration zone has implemented a unified ecological environment protection system, enhancing cross-border ecological system management, particularly in the Yuan Lake area [13][14]. - The collaborative governance of the Tai Pu River has led to significant improvements in water quality, with the river's ecological environment being restored through joint efforts [22]. - The establishment of a unified ecological environment quality assessment mechanism has addressed the challenges of fragmented governance in cross-border river basins [14][19]. Group 4: Economic Development and Innovation - The region is positioning itself as a world-class ecological and livable destination, with significant investments in high-tech industries, including Huawei's research center [15][24]. - The number of specialized and innovative enterprises has increased from 248 to 1,294 since 2019, indicating a growing vitality in innovation and development [15]. - The integration of ecological tourism and cultural resources is being leveraged to enhance economic development in the region [14][25]. Group 5: Data-Driven Governance - A unified spatial data foundation has been established to support integrated governance, enhancing decision-making and management capabilities [26][28]. - The launch of a cross-provincial "smart brain" platform facilitates data sharing and supports various sectors, including environmental protection and urban planning [27][28]. - The platform enables real-time monitoring and management of ecological indicators, contributing to the overall quality of development in the demonstration zone [28].

Core Viewpoint - Foping County in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, is focusing on ecological protection, tourism development, and industrial transformation to achieve high-quality economic growth while enhancing environmental sustainability [1] Group 1: Ecological Protection Initiatives - Foping County is implementing integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, aiming to create a model for beautiful China [2] - The county has established a comprehensive management mechanism for ecological protection, addressing 32 issues identified by ecological environment inspections [2] - The forest coverage rate in the county has increased to 91.2%, with all historical mining sites undergoing ecological restoration [2][3] Group 2: Water and Air Quality Management - Foping County is advancing a three-year action plan for water management, achieving stable water quality at Class II or above [2] - The county aims for an air quality improvement rate of 98.6% by 2024 through pollution prevention measures and monitoring [2] Group 3: Biodiversity Conservation - A collaborative mechanism for biodiversity protection has been established, focusing on the conservation of species such as the giant panda, with successful breeding and rescue programs [3] Group 4: Economic Transformation and Development - Foping County is leveraging its natural resources to develop new productive forces and explore five pathways for realizing the value of ecological products [4] - The tourism sector is being enhanced through new business models, with an annual growth rate of over 22% in comprehensive tourism revenue [4] - The county is developing green energy projects, including pumped storage and photovoltaic power generation, to create a new energy system [4][5] Group 5: Aquaculture and Digital Economy - Foping County is expanding its cold-water fish farming industry, becoming the largest cold-water fish export county in Northwest China [5] - The county is enhancing its digital infrastructure and e-commerce capabilities, with a projected 16.57% increase in e-commerce transaction volume in 2024 [6]

Core Points - The "Beautiful Rivers and Lakes Protection and Construction Action Plan (2025-2027)" has been officially issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and six other departments, marking a comprehensive deployment for water ecological environment protection following the "Water Ten Measures" [1] - Beautiful rivers and lakes are a significant embodiment of "Beautiful China" in the water ecological environment sector, aiming for a harmonious relationship between humans and water [1] Summary by Categories Water Resources - The plan emphasizes the importance of water resources through the utilization of recycled water and ecological flow regulation, ensuring the presence of rivers and water bodies [1] Water Ecology - The action plan aims to rejuvenate water bodies and buffer zones, restoring native fish species and submerged plants to achieve a vibrant ecological landscape [1] Water Environment - Strict pollution discharge controls are mandated to ensure high water quality while accommodating citizens' recreational needs, promoting a harmonious living environment [1] Economic and Social Development - The construction of beautiful rivers and lakes is seen as a process that integrates high-level protection with high-quality development, transforming ecological advantages into developmental benefits [2] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has set ambitious targets, including a 40% completion rate for beautiful river and lake projects by 2027 and significant progress by 2030 and 2035 [2] Performance Metrics - As of 2024, the proportion of national surface water quality rated as good (Class I-III) is projected to be 90.4%, exceeding the "14th Five-Year Plan" target by 5.4 percentage points and improving by 7 percentage points since 2020 [2]

Core Insights - The establishment of the Lei Bo San Le Ling Zhi Industrial Park has significantly transformed the local economy, providing villagers with multiple income streams and increasing annual household income from less than 2,000 yuan to over 20,000 yuan [1] - The park is projected to generate a value of 11.96 million yuan in 2024, with labor wages amounting to 486,000 yuan, showcasing the economic impact of the project [1] - The region is exploring the "Natural Partner Plan" to convert ecological advantages into development momentum, aiming for a sustainable model of rural revitalization [4][5] Economic Development - The local economy has shifted from reliance on traditional agriculture to a focus on ecological products, with initiatives like the "Natural Partner Plan" fostering partnerships between nature and local communities [5][10] - The introduction of innovative agricultural practices and technologies has led to the successful cultivation of high-quality products such as asparagus, which has gained organic certification and doubled in price [7][9] - The "company + village collective + farmer" model has enabled 2,096 households to increase their income by an average of 3,000 yuan, demonstrating the effectiveness of collaborative economic strategies [7] Ecological and Cultural Integration - The region's ecological advantages, including a forest coverage rate of 51.27%, are being leveraged to promote sustainable agricultural practices and enhance biodiversity [3][11] - The "Natural Partner Plan" emphasizes the integration of ecological protection with economic development, aiming to create a harmonious relationship between humans and nature [5][11] - Cultural elements, such as the promotion of Yi ethnic cuisine and music, are being utilized to enhance the region's appeal and marketability, contributing to the overall economic strategy [11] Policy and Support Mechanisms - A multi-faceted support system involving government, market, and social participation is being established to facilitate the development of ecological industries [9][11] - Over 100 million yuan in funding has been directed towards building standardized planting bases and cold chain logistics centers, enhancing the region's agricultural infrastructure [9] - The "Natural Partner Plan" aims to empower local leaders and create job opportunities, with a goal of increasing income for thousands of residents over the next three years [10]