Core Viewpoint - The construction of resilient cities in China is a significant focus for modern urban management, aiming to enhance urban resilience and risk management capabilities by 2030, as emphasized by national policies and leadership [1][4]. Group 1: Definition and Development of Resilient Cities - Resilient cities are defined as urban areas that can quickly recover from disasters without suffering catastrophic failures, emphasizing comprehensive response capabilities [2]. - The development of resilient cities in China has gone through three stages: introduction of the concept before 2015, practical exploration from 2015 to 2020, and comprehensive development post-2020 [3][4]. Group 2: Policy and Implementation - National policies have been established to guide the construction of resilient cities, including the 2024 guidelines from the Ministry of Natural Resources and the 2022 action plan from the State Council [4][5]. - Local governments, such as Beijing and Shanghai, have developed specific policies and plans to promote resilient city construction, creating a governance framework that includes various resilience aspects [5][6]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - The integration of new urban infrastructure and advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence and digital twin technology, is transforming urban disaster prevention systems, enhancing data collection and predictive capabilities [7][8]. - Zhejiang Province has developed a comprehensive disaster prevention model that utilizes AI to forecast risks and support decision-making across various administrative levels [9]. Group 4: International Collaboration and Learning - China's resilient city planning model is gaining international recognition, with collaborative projects aimed at addressing climate change and promoting sustainable urban development in partnership with countries like Germany and organizations like the World Bank [6]. - Lessons from developed countries highlight the importance of institutional support, legal frameworks, and digital risk monitoring systems in building resilient cities [12][13][14].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of urban resilience as a fundamental indicator of urban development effectiveness, highlighting the shift from large-scale construction to quality improvement and structural adjustment in urbanization [1][2]. Group 1: Urban Development and Resilience - By the end of 2024, China's urban resident population is projected to reach 943.5 million, with an urbanization rate of 67.00%, expected to approach 70% in the next five years [1]. - The transition to a new urbanization strategy focuses on enhancing urban safety resilience, addressing the complex risks posed by climate change, technological revolutions, and changes in population and industry [1][2]. - Urban safety is closely linked to the well-being of residents, with increasing societal expectations for healthier, safer, and more livable cities as urbanization shifts from high-speed to high-quality development [1]. Group 2: Infrastructure and Technological Integration - Infrastructure is described as the "bones" of a city and a critical factor in enhancing urban resilience, with new policies aimed at advancing urban infrastructure construction to support resilience [3]. - The integration of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence is essential for building resilient cities, enabling better risk monitoring and management [2][3]. - The new urban infrastructure is characterized by technology support, data-driven approaches, and intelligent efficiency, which collectively enhance urban resilience [3][4]. Group 3: Systematic Planning and Safety - A systematic approach is necessary for urban resilience, which comprises infrastructure resilience, social resilience, management resilience, and technological resilience [4]. - Safety is a fundamental attribute of new urban infrastructure, necessitating a comprehensive risk management strategy throughout the planning, construction, and management processes [5]. - The article advocates for a holistic design in building resilient cities, ensuring that all aspects of urban development are considered in conjunction with infrastructure and governance [4][5].