Economic Outlook - The actual GDP growth rate for China in 2026 is projected to be around 4.8%, maintaining a medium-high growth level[2] - Global GDP growth is expected to slow to 3.1% in 2026, down from 3.2% in 2025[4] - China's fixed asset investment growth is forecasted to turn positive at 2.5% in 2026, recovering from a negative growth of -3.0% in 2025[4] Trade and Export Impact - China's export growth is anticipated to decline significantly from approximately 5.0% in 2025 to around 1.0% in 2026 due to increased U.S. tariffs[15] - The average U.S. import tariff rate is projected to rise to 19.5% in 2026, impacting global trade dynamics[8] Policy Measures - The target fiscal deficit rate for 2026 is set to remain at 4.0%, with an increase in new special bond issuance expected to reach 5.0 trillion yuan[41] - A reduction in interest rates by 0.3 percentage points is anticipated in 2026, with a focus on maintaining liquidity in the market[52] Consumer and Investment Trends - Consumer retail sales growth is expected to accelerate to 5.0%-6.0% in 2026, up from 3.9% in 2025, driven by enhanced consumption policies[65] - Infrastructure investment growth is projected to increase to 5.0% in 2026, significantly higher than the previous year's performance[71] Inflation and Price Levels - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is expected to rise to 0.4% in 2026, indicating a slight improvement in the low inflation environment[76] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) is forecasted to decline by -1.8% in 2026, reflecting ongoing price pressures in the economy[76]

【周二（12月30日）重点关注财经事件和经济数据】 ①16:00 瑞士12月KOF经济领先指标； ②22:00 美 国10月FHFA房价指数月率、10月S&P/CS20座大城市未季调房价指数年率； ③22:45 美国12月芝加哥 PMI； ④次日02:00 美国至1月2日当周石油钻井总数； ⑤次日03:00 美联储公布货币政策会议纪要； ⑥ 次日05:30 美国至12月26日当周API原油库存。 ...

Group 1 - The Shanghai Futures Exchange will adjust the price limit for gold and silver futures contracts to 15% starting from the market close on December 30 [1] - The margin ratio for gold and silver futures will also be adjusted [1] Group 2 - The German stock market will close early [1] - The U.S. will release the FHFA House Price Index and the S&P/CS 20-City Composite Home Price Index at 22:00 [1] - The Federal Reserve will publish the minutes of its monetary policy meeting at 03:00 the next day [1]

Group 1 - The central economic work conference emphasizes the continuation of a moderately loose monetary policy to promote stable economic growth and reasonable price recovery [1] - The monetary policy will utilize various tools such as reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate reductions, while ensuring ample liquidity and effective transmission of monetary policy [1] - The expectation for reserve requirement ratio and interest rate cuts has increased, but significant downward pressure on the interest rate center is unlikely due to the alignment with fiscal debt issuance [1] Group 2 - In 2025, China's economy is expected to show steady progress, with marginal improvements in prices and supply-demand relationships in certain industries [2] - The manufacturing sector is highlighted by improved conditions for small and medium-sized enterprises in foreign trade, as well as high growth rates in industrial added value and profits in sectors like electronics, automotive, and transportation equipment [2] - The global liquidity remains loose, and the logic of global capital reallocation has not changed, indicating that the bond market is under pressure, while the supportive stance of monetary policy limits the upward space for interest rates [2]

固收-年度展望专题汇报 20251208 摘要 近期债市调整受交易情绪和机构行为影响，非基本面或流动性压力。公 募基金避险，银行自营配置，大型银行重购超长端债券，认可配置价值。 未来银行和保险公司对 30 年期国债的介入预计增加。 当前 30 年期国债具备配置价值，绝对位置和利差位置均相对到位，银 行自营已开始介入。30 年国债税后收益与房贷税后收益大致持平，显示 较高配置价值。 30-10 年期国债利差已从历史低位上行至约 40BP，但居民杠杆率和地 产周期未明显好转，利差上行空间有限，预计不会显著走陡，当前水平 较为合理。 超长期限国债供给将继续增加，但增量不会显著超前两年。需求端存在 不确定性，但机构仍能消化大量供应，整体压力可控，不会显著恶化。 预计 2026 年财政政策将继续发力，供给端有超常规增量，但需求端不 确定性较大。长期来看，10 年以上国债和地方债存量占比提升，需求端 仍需观察，预计货币政策将保持宽松。 Q&A 近期市场表现及其背后的主要因素是什么？ 近期市场，尤其是上周的市场，最突出的变化是超长端利率债的调整幅度超出 预期。主要原因在于市场情绪的集中冲击和机构行为层面的互动。尽管消息面 ...

货币政策宽松预期受限，市场担忧政府债供给放量，山东债单日供给近 千亿，引发市场对筹码结构不稳固的担忧，空头力量未完全消退。 2026 年初债市预计震荡，十年国债利率波动区间 1.75%-1.85%，30 年国债利率约 2.3%。社融增速预计小幅上升 0.1%，政府债净融资预计 超万亿，银行杠杆票息策略空间有限。 通胀方面，小金属和贵金属价格上涨对 PPI 影响有限，因有色金属在 PPI 权重较低。预计 2026 年一季度 PPI 不会连续为正，明年 2 月 CPI 同比 预计达 1.5%，受春节错位和技术问题影响。 股市春节躁动对债市压力可控，单周涨幅超 10%才会对债券收益率产生 明显压力。央行通过流动性宽松和买入操作维稳市场，大型银行和保险 公司积极配置，无需过度担心政府债供给。 当前阶段应注重空间选择而非时间选择，十年国债利率区间 1.75%- 1.85%，30 年国债约 2.3%。银行杠杆票息策略舒适，调控空间有限， 应关注具体投资品种及其位置。 Q&A 2025 年债券市场在年底出现了较大调整，主要原因是什么？ 固收- 1 月债市展望 20251229 摘要 2025 年年底债券市场的调整主要有两个 ...

这意味着，日本的经济增长预期对该货币的影响可能比货币政策更大。Juckes说："日元最需要的是更 强劲的GDP增长。" 美元兑日元下跌0.3%，至156.04日元。 伦敦证券交易所集团的数据显示，11月20日美元兑日元触及157.89日元，为1月中旬以来的最高水平。 法国兴业银行的Kit Juckes在一份报告中称，日元需要更强劲的日本GDP增长，才能从目前的疲软水平 走高。过去几个月，尽管日本央行加息，但日元一直在下跌。利率上升未能提振日元，因为加息的同时 也伴随着日本国债收益率的上升和对债务日益加剧的担忧。 责任编辑：刘明亮 法国兴业银行的Kit Juckes在一份报告中称，日元需要更强劲的日本GDP增长，才能从目前的疲软水平 走高。过去几个月，尽管日本央行加息，但日元一直在下跌。利率上升未能提振日元，因为加息的同时 也伴随着日本国债收益率的上升和对债务日益加剧的担忧。 这意味着，日本的经济增长预期对该货币的影响可能比货币政策更大。Juckes说："日元最需要的是更 强劲的GDP增长。" 美元兑日元下跌0.3%，至156.04日元。 伦敦证券交易所集团的数据显示，11月20日美元兑日元触及157.89日元 ...

Group 1: Precious Metals - Gold prices continue to rise, with COMEX gold surpassing $4500 per ounce, while silver prices surged due to supply shortage expectations, breaking through $79 per ounce [1] - Platinum prices are increasing due to persistent supply-demand gaps, while palladium prices are experiencing steady growth with significant fluctuations [1] - By 2026, factors such as central bank gold purchases, rising gold ETF holdings, and expectations of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, alongside a weakening dollar index, are expected to support gold prices [1] Group 2: Copper - Copper prices on the Shanghai exchange have surpassed 100,000 yuan, reaching a historical high due to supply disruptions and low inventory levels in non-US regions [2] - Labor negotiations at the Mantoverde copper mine in Chile have raised concerns about copper supply for 2026, while the National Development and Reform Commission encourages mergers among major copper smelting enterprises [2] - Market sentiment and changes in futures microstructure will be crucial for future price movements [2] Group 3: Aluminum - Aluminum prices have reached new highs amid a favorable macroeconomic environment, although the short-term outlook shows weakening fundamentals [2] - The operating rate of downstream aluminum processing enterprises has decreased by 0.6 percentage points to 60.8%, influenced by environmental production restrictions and high aluminum prices [2] - The market is expected to experience a tug-of-war between macroeconomic benefits and weak fundamentals, leading to high volatility in aluminum prices [2] Group 4: Energy Metals - Lithium demand is showing signs of weakening, while production is increasing, leading to a decrease in inventory levels [3] - There are uncertainties regarding the resumption of production at key mines in Jiangxi, which could impact market expectations for lithium supply [3] - Cobalt prices remain high due to tight raw material supply, while downstream demand is cautious, with companies extending their operations into integrated cost advantages [3] Group 5: Rare Earths - Light rare earth prices are recovering, while medium and heavy rare earth prices are maintaining a downward trend [4]

Macro Policy Updates - The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection's fifth plenary session will be held from January 12 to 14, 2026[2] - The National People's Congress will convene its fourth session on March 5, 2026[2] Fiscal Policy - The national fiscal work conference on December 27 emphasized expanding fiscal spending and optimizing government bond tools[3] - New special bond quotas will be allocated to regions with high investment efficiency and project readiness[3] - The Ministry of Finance will enforce strict accountability for local government debt and prohibit the creation of new hidden debts[3] Monetary and Capital Markets - The People's Bank of China suggested integrating incremental and stock policies to enhance financial support for key sectors[4] - The 2025 Financial Stability Report aims to improve the investment scale and proportion of long-term funds in A-shares[4] Industrial Development - The National Development and Reform Commission is focusing on optimizing traditional industries and regulating competition in emerging sectors[5] - The industrial and information technology conference highlighted the need for technological innovation and the development of new industries[5] Risk Management - There is a risk of delayed policy updates affecting economic stability[5]

2025 年 12 月 29 日 宏观经济 开局之年，周期向何处去 ——2026 年宏观经济展望 宏观深度研究 主要观点： 外部环境： 预计 2026 年美国经济短周期仍处于扩张阶段，再通胀概率较大。受减 税、加大投资、关税干扰减弱、降息等因素影响，经济增速 2.5%左右，高 于潜在增速，产出缺口继续扩张，美联储至多降息一次，不排除出现加息 预期。 通胀是美国选民最关注的议题之一，中期选举之前中美经贸关系将暂 时保持稳定。但是，美国可能采取多项措施打击转口贸易，同时中国和欧 盟等经济体的经贸冲突风险可能增加。 风险提示：财政、货币政策低于预期；"两重""两新"边际效应递减，效 果低于预期；房地产市场止跌回稳难度较大；美国通胀存在大幅上升风险； 地缘政治波动加剧。 邢曙光（分析师） xingshuguang@cctgsc.com.cn 登记编号：S0280520050003 钟 山（分析师） zhongshan01@cctgsc.com.cn 登记编号：S0280525060002 相关报告 中国政策： 宏观政策强调提质增效，托底经济的同时，不搞大水漫灌、大规模刺 激，为应对未来风险留有余地，确保政策可持续。预 ...