【环球时报驻巴西特派记者 邵世均 环球时报记者 张旺 赵霜 任重】应国家主席习近平邀请，巴西总统 卢拉于5月10日至14日对中国进行国事访问。卢拉访华被视为东西半球两个最大的发展中国家的再次握 手。巴西媒体报道称，此次巴方访华代表团规模庞大，预计将与中方签署至少16项新协议，涵盖诸多领 域。中巴合作长期以来一直是中拉关系的典范。接受《环球时报》记者采访的专家表示，两国领导人高 层互访频繁，特别是近两年的密切互动，体现了中巴双方对双边关系的高度重视，并推动了双方在政 治、经贸和多边领域的全面合作。经中拉双方共同商定，中国－拉美和加勒比国家共同体论坛（以下简 称"中拉论坛"）第四届部长级会议将于5月13日在北京举行。国家主席习近平将出席会议开幕式并发表 重要讲话。根据巴西政府网站消息，巴西总统卢拉也将出席上述会议，他与夫人罗桑热拉已于10日晚抵 京。 巴西媒体：访华具有 " 战略意义 " 在结束访问俄罗斯后，卢拉开启其第三个总统任期内的第二次对华国事访问。卢拉抵京后在社交平台X 上发帖表示，将在此（与中国）建立新的伙伴关系，并在多个领域签署合作协议，这是巴中两国友好且 战略紧密关系的"又一重要进展"。 根据官方日 ...

这些行动将逆转供应链的效率，而学术研究表明正是这一效率在过去十年中使美国的通胀率每年至少降 低0.5%。这种逆转是由美国对其前贸易伙伴新产生的蔑视所驱动的，而且很可能是永久性的。新冠疫 情的动荡有一个明确的终点，而对美国的不信任将在特朗普离任后长期存在，也不存在快速或简单的解 决办法。 生产向美国的回流不会一帆风顺。特朗普认为国内外企业宣布的大规模投资是美国制造涅槃重生的迹 象。然而各类生产平台不可能像乐高积木一样被拆散和重新组装。在最好的情况下，这些项目都需要多 年规划和建设才能逐步上线。 但在当今政策极度不确定的环境下，针锋相对的报复性关税和制裁很可能会随着特朗普的一时兴起而改 变，因此生产回流性投资有可能遭到遏制甚至完全撤销。美国从全球化中撤退后，世界其他国家也很难 收拾残局并发展新的供应链。 这款滞胀"鸡尾酒"中还有一种更为隐蔽的成分：中央银行的政治化。滞胀硬币的另一面是美国和全球经 济不断增加的衰退风险。 将近五年前，我曾警告说我们距离滞胀只差一场供应链的断裂。在通胀飙升与全球需求复苏乏力的联合 作用下，滞胀确实在新冠疫情冲击后短暂爆发了一阵。但与疫情一样，这场经济中断很快就平息了。如 今一种更令人 ...

中国外交部5月11日举行中外媒体吹风会。在回答美国滥施关税相关问题时，外交部部长助理苗得雨表 示，美国把关税作为实施极限施压、谋取私利的武器，这是典型的单边主义、保护主义和经济霸凌行 径，是以牺牲世界各国的正当利益，服务美国的霸权私利。 中方始终坚决反对美方滥施所谓"对等关税"，采取了有力法律措施开展坚决斗争。中方将坚决维护自身 发展利益，捍卫国际公平正义，维护国际经贸秩序。我们愿同拉美国家加强沟通和协调，共同努力维护 多边主义，维护多边贸易体制。（央视新闻） ...

尼日利亚非洲经济研究中心研究员安东尼.布松表示，美国滥施关税是一种贸易保护主义，是对全球贸 易生态系统的破坏，世界各国应该携手努力，推动全球贸易一体化。布松认为，美国政府应该重新审视 他们的关税政策。他说："对不同国家设定"基准关税"和"对等关税"，我们认为这是政策缺陷，它甚至 会对最不发达国家产生影响。比如，根据非洲过去两年的贸易情况来看，该政策对非洲的影响就很大， 特朗普总统需要冷静下来，重新审视这项政策。我们应该走向全球合作，而不是走向孤立主义。"(央视 新闻) ...

对小额包裹征税，不仅仅是美国，还有法国。 5月2日起，美国将终止对来自我国的低价进口商品免征关税的"小额豁免"政策。 什么是"小额豁免"？ 最早，"小额豁免"可以追溯至1938年，初衷是简化价值低于5美元（相当于今天109美元）的小包裹通关流程。 到了2016年，这一门槛提高至800美元。但随着近年来我国跨境电商迅速发展，也让美国等国家开始感受所谓的"威胁"。 根据美国国会研究服务处今年2月份的报告，2023年，来自我国低价包裹出口额从2018年的53亿美元飙升至660亿美元，而美国一直以来都是其主要市场。 随着美国开始在5月份对我国小额包裹征税，这项价值数百亿美元的市场，也要遭受考验了。 根据美联社的预计，这项小额包裹豁免政策曾允许每日多达400万个小额包裹进入美国市场。随着该政策的取消，将迫使大量依赖我国供应链构建商业模式 的美国企业重新评估其运营模式，以维持成本竞争力。 唯一能够在小额包裹中获益的，可能也就只有美国本土制造商了。 换句话说，这是特朗普推动让"美国制造业再次伟大"计划的一部分。 上个月，特朗普才宣布对我国商品关税上调至145%，对来自我国的小额包裹商品征收的关税从90%上调至120%，随着 ...

Core Viewpoint - The high-level economic talks between China and the U.S. in Switzerland are a response to global expectations and the interests of both nations, emphasizing the need for mutual respect and cooperation in trade relations [1][2][3]. Group 1: Economic Impact - The U.S. unilateral tariff measures have severely disrupted its own economy and negatively impacted global supply chains, highlighting the necessity for dialogue to resolve differences and avoid escalating conflicts [2][3]. - China's economy demonstrated resilience with a year-on-year growth of 5.4% in Q1, positioning it favorably among major economies [4]. - China's total import and export value is projected to exceed 43 trillion yuan in 2024, indicating a diversified trade partnership and optimized export structure [4]. Group 2: Trade Relations - The ongoing trade war and tariff disputes are characterized as a zero-sum game, where both sides must recognize the importance of mutual benefits rather than adversarial competition [2][5]. - China is committed to expanding its openness and actively promoting trade and investment liberalization, as evidenced by record participation from foreign buyers at recent trade fairs [5]. - The dialogue between China and the U.S. is seen as a crucial step towards managing differences and enhancing cooperative efforts for mutual economic growth [5]. Group 3: Principles of Negotiation - Any negotiations must be based on mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit, with China emphasizing the need for the U.S. to acknowledge the negative impacts of its unilateral tariffs [2][3]. - China asserts that appeasement will not lead to peace, and maintaining principles of fairness and justice is essential for protecting national interests [3]. - The essence of the current economic confrontation is a clash between open cooperation and closed confrontation in the context of globalization [3].

特朗普政府正在调查进口飞机、喷气发动机及其零部件是否构成国家安全威胁，此举可能是对商用航空 产业加征新关税的铺垫。 根据美国商务部周五发布的公告，调查已于5月1日启动，涉及对象包括商用飞机、喷气发动机以及相关 零部件。 公告称，调查内容包括"美国相关进口是否集中于少数供应商，以及由此产生的相关风险"，还将评 估"外国政府补贴和掠夺性贸易行为对行业竞争力的影响"。 波音737 Max机身在美国华盛顿州伦顿的制造工厂 这是特朗普近期发起的一系列调查中的最新一项，旨在为其所认为的关键产业争取关税保护。特朗普此 前已根据《1962年贸易扩展法》第232条对钢、铝、汽车及其零部件加征关税，并对铜、药品、半导体 芯片、中重型卡车等产品的进口发起调查。 该法律项下的调查通常会在270天内得出结论，但特朗普政府已多次加快相关行动的推进节奏。调查启 动并不意味着一定会征收新关税，但特朗普一贯将其作为扶持美国工业的重要工具。 特朗普此前已经依据紧急授权对欧盟的数十个贸易伙伴加征关税。这些关税成为当前多项谈判焦点。欧 盟是空中客车的总部所在，而该公司是波音主要竞争对手。 最新发起的调查是对过去50年来全球航空产业格局的又一挑战，凸 ...

Group 1 - The "China-Europe Diplomatic Relations 50th Anniversary Forum" was held to commemorate the 50 years of cooperation between China and the EU, focusing on global trade, investment, innovation, digital transformation, and climate action [1][3] - The forum highlighted the historical significance of the diplomatic relationship established in 1975, marking a key step in China's opening up to the world [3][4] - Keynote speeches emphasized the importance of strategic autonomy for the EU and the potential for cooperation in addressing challenges such as climate change and economic development [4][5] Group 2 - The forum featured discussions on the evolution of China-EU relations, emphasizing mutual respect and rule-based multilateralism as foundations for sustainable development [4][6] - The role of the China Europe International Business School (CEIBS) as a bridge for China-EU dialogue and cooperation was underscored, highlighting its contributions to economic and cultural exchanges [6][7] - Roundtable discussions focused on energy, trade, investment, and green development, with participants advocating for fair competition and sustainable development principles [7]

Core Viewpoint - Trump's new policy to impose a 100% tariff on foreign-made films entering the U.S. is seen as a continuation of his protectionist agenda, which may harm the domestic film industry rather than protect it [3][5]. Industry Impact - The proposed film tariff will significantly impact the U.S. film industry's supply chain, leading to increased production costs and potentially fewer films being produced, which could disrupt the entire industry ecosystem [5]. - Hollywood's reliance on overseas locations, special effects teams, and post-production services means that the tariff could lead to a substantial increase in production expenses, ultimately harming the film distribution business [5]. International Response - European lawmakers have expressed strong opposition to Trump's film tariff, labeling it as a form of trade protectionism. They warn that retaliatory measures could be taken, such as limiting U.S. film imports or imposing additional taxes on American films, which would severely affect Hollywood's international box office revenues [6]. - If Europe enacts countermeasures, it could diminish the influence of American films in European markets, leading to a significant reduction in international ticket sales [6]. Cultural Exchange - The implementation of a film tariff could hinder cultural exchange between nations, as films serve as vital cultural conduits. A retaliatory response could further weaken cultural penetration and influence [8]. - While the immediate impact on Chinese films may be limited due to their small market share in the U.S., the long-term effects of disrupted international cultural trade could destabilize the global film market [8]. Conclusion - Trump's approach to tariffs, particularly in the film industry, is viewed as a misguided attempt that may not yield the desired protective effects and could lead to greater isolation for the U.S. in the international market [9].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese ambassador to Guinea-Bissau, Yang Renhuo, expressed a strong stance against the U.S. imposition of tariffs, labeling it as unilateralism, protectionism, and economic bullying, which severely impacts international trade and violates World Trade Organization rules [3][4]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff Impact - The U.S. has announced tariffs on all trade partners, affecting over 180 countries, which has drawn significant domestic and international criticism [3]. - The tariffs are expected to shrink global merchandise trade volume by approximately 1% this year, according to the World Trade Organization [4]. - The tariffs disproportionately affect developing countries, exacerbating wealth disparities and causing economic instability, particularly in Africa [4]. Group 2: China's Economic Resilience - China’s economy continues to grow, achieving a 5.4% growth rate in the first quarter, despite U.S. trade pressures [5]. - The Chinese economy is characterized as a vast market with a complete industrial chain, relying on self-reliance and hard work rather than external favors [5]. - The U.S. trade bullying has not only failed to achieve its goals but has also resulted in losses for American businesses and consumers, increasing the risk of domestic economic recession [5]. Group 3: China-Guinea-Bissau Relations - The relationship between China and Guinea-Bissau is strong, with recent high-level visits and discussions aimed at enhancing mutual cooperation [7]. - China has committed to providing zero-tariff treatment for 100% of products from 33 African countries, including Guinea-Bissau, contrasting with U.S. tariff measures [7]. - There are significant opportunities for cooperation in sectors such as cashew exports and bauxite exploration between China and Guinea-Bissau [7].