人民日报钟声文章指出，美国政府奉行单边主义、保护主义政策，肆意挥舞关税大棒，挑起经贸摩擦， 对世界经济的损害正不断显现。国际货币基金组织近日发布最新一期《世界经济展望报告》，下调了今 明两年世界经济增长预期，美国的关税政策是一个重要原因。历史经验表明，任何以邻为壑的经济霸凌 终将反噬自身，开放合作是世界各国携手走向未来的唯一正确选择。美方应悬崖勒马，同各方一道维护 开放型世界经济体系，为世界注入稳定性和正能量。 ...

历史经验表明，任何以邻为壑的经济霸凌终将反噬自身，开放合作是世界各国携手走向未来的唯一正确 选择。美方应悬崖勒马，同各方一道维护开放型世界经济体系，为世界注入稳定性和正能量。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年04月29日 03 版） (责编：赵欣悦、袁勃) 事实上，保护主义将引发怎样的恶果，美国经济史中早有答案。美国佐治亚大学历史学教授斯科特·雷 诺兹·尼尔森梳理了19世纪以来美国经历的6次经济萧条，其中5次是由关税和贸易禁运直接造成或显著 加剧的。最臭名昭著的莫过于1930年推出的《斯穆特—霍利关税法》，将2万多种进口商品的关税税率 提升至历史最高水平，加剧了当时美国经济的衰退，并最终导致一场全球性的大萧条。就在几年前，美 方单方面挑起对华贸易战，最终被证明是一场"昂贵的政策实验"。历史的教训无比清晰，美方不应重蹈 覆辙。 近日，一份由美国经济学者和政策专家发起的"反关税宣言"正得到越来越多联署。这份宣言批评美国当 前关税政策曲解历史、误判现状、误诊弊病、否定经济原则，可能引发一场"自戕"的经济衰退。经济学 家发出的担忧，正转变为现实。在美国，鸡蛋价格飙升，婴幼儿用品供应吃紧，小企业主直呼"难生 存"，农场主 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. tariff war initiated by the Trump administration has led to rising domestic prices, significantly impacting consumer spending and causing dissatisfaction among the public [1][3] - The tariffs have resulted in increased retail prices for essential goods, with predictions indicating that U.S. personal consumption expenditure prices could rise by 2.1%, leading to average losses of $1,300, $2,100, and $5,400 for low, middle, and high-income households respectively [1] - Major companies like Procter & Gamble are facing rising costs due to tariffs, which may lead to further price increases in various product categories [1] Group 2 - A coalition of 12 U.S. states has filed a lawsuit against the federal government, claiming that the tariff policies are illegal and exceed presidential authority, which could exert significant political pressure on the Trump administration [2] - The lawsuit argues that the imposition of tariffs disrupts the constitutional order and has led to economic chaos, highlighting the potential for a reevaluation of tariff policies by the government [2] Group 3 - The IMF has projected a slowdown in U.S. economic growth to 1.8% by 2025, the largest downward adjustment among developed economies, indicating that the tariff war has not yielded the expected economic benefits [3] - The global economic outlook is also bleak, with a forecasted decline in global growth to 2.3% in 2025, down from 2.8% in 2024, affecting nearly all countries [3] Group 4 - The U.S. agricultural sector is experiencing severe impacts from the tariff war, with net farm income projected to plummet by 23% compared to two years ago, and significant declines in exports of key products like soybeans and corn [4] - The shift in agricultural exports, with countries like Brazil and Spain replacing U.S. products, indicates a loss of market share for U.S. agriculture [4] - Many U.S. companies reliant on Chinese imports are facing increased costs and reduced profits due to the tariffs, which may lead to a reconsideration of the tariff strategy to stabilize the economy [4]

Group 1 - The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) has organized 184 delegations of Chinese entrepreneurs to 45 countries and regions this year, showcasing China's commitment to international trade [1] - In the first quarter, the CCPIT issued various certificates, including certificates of origin and ATA carnets, with a year-on-year growth of 14.91% [1] - The global trade friction index for February 2025 was reported at 106, indicating a high level of trade tensions, with the United States, the European Union, and South Africa having the highest indices [1] Group 2 - A survey conducted by the CCPIT among over 1,100 foreign trade enterprises revealed that nearly 50% plan to reduce business with the U.S., while 75.3% intend to explore emerging markets to compensate for the decline in U.S. exports [2] - The CCPIT aims to simplify the process for obtaining certificates of origin and expedite approvals for enterprises participating in international exhibitions [2] - The CCPIT is committed to enhancing trade and investment services through various significant economic and trade events, including the China International Supply Chain Promotion Expo and the Global Trade and Investment Promotion Summit in 2025 [2] Group 3 - High-profile visits from international business leaders, including NVIDIA's CEO and members of the German Daimler Truck Holding AG, highlight the ongoing interest in China's market [3] - The CCPIT emphasizes that China's policy environment remains transparent, stable, and predictable, which is a significant advantage in an uncertain global landscape [3] - The APEC Business Advisory Council meeting in Toronto saw a unified call from the Asia-Pacific business community, including U.S. businesses, against unilateralism and protectionism [3] Group 4 - The CCPIT expresses a willingness to act as a bridge for communication between China and the global business community, advocating for the maintenance of a multilateral trade system and opposing the misuse of tariffs [4] - The organization encourages the U.S. to engage in equal dialogue to resolve trade concerns and promote stable and sustainable development in China-U.S. economic relations [4]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese economy is demonstrating resilience and vitality, with a first-quarter GDP growth of 5.4%, indicating a positive trend despite a high base from the previous year [1][2]. Economic Performance - In the first quarter, China's GDP grew by 5.4% year-on-year, which is an acceleration of 0.4 percentage points compared to the previous year [1]. - The contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth increased by 6.3 percentage points compared to the last quarter of the previous year, highlighting its role as a stabilizing force [2]. Innovation and Development - Significant growth in innovation sectors was noted, with production increases in servers (66.3%), new energy vehicles (45.4%), and 3D printing equipment (44.9%) [2]. - The application of large models in various fields, including electronics and automotive, is driving demand for computing and intelligent products [2]. Environmental and Social Progress - The average concentration of PM2.5 in cities decreased by 4.8% year-on-year, and the proportion of surface water quality in categories I-III improved to 91% [2]. - Rural residents' per capita disposable income increased by 6.5% year-on-year, surpassing the national average growth by 0.9 percentage points [2]. Trade and International Relations - The unilateral tariffs imposed by the U.S. are viewed as a violation of international trade rules and are expected to have a negative impact globally [3]. - China is committed to defending its rights and maintaining international fairness and justice in response to these tariffs, emphasizing cooperation with the majority of countries [3].

Group 1 - The article highlights the tension between the Trump administration and the Federal Reserve, particularly with Chairman Jerome Powell publicly supporting China's financial stability initiative at the G20, which contrasts with Trump's trade war strategy [1][5][11] - U.S. retailers and defense contractors are facing supply chain disruptions due to China's rare earth export restrictions, with reports indicating that their inventories can only last for 60 days, leading to rising costs and potential production halts [3][5][9] - The article discusses the broader implications of the U.S.-China trade war, suggesting that Trump's tariffs not only affect China but also harm global supply chains, impacting various industries worldwide [9][11] Group 2 - Powell's recent statements at the G20 and IMF meetings emphasize the Federal Reserve's commitment to maintaining independence from political pressures, which could hinder Trump's economic agenda [5][7][11] - China's proposal for global cooperation and dialogue to resolve trade disputes resonates with many countries, indicating a shift towards multilateralism in response to U.S. unilateral trade policies [9][11] - The article suggests that the ongoing trade conflict is not just a bilateral issue but reflects a larger global power struggle, with China emerging as a more influential player in international economic discussions [11]

Group 1 - China firmly opposes any trade agreements that sacrifice its interests and will take reciprocal measures if necessary, emphasizing the importance of fair and just international trade rules [1] - The U.S. has announced a 10% baseline tariff on all trade partners, effective April 5, and higher tariffs on countries with significant trade deficits, impacting 185 countries and regions [1] - India is particularly affected, with an estimated 87% of its exports to the U.S. facing tariff increases, potentially leading to a $7.3 billion decline in exports for the fiscal year 2025-2026 [3] Group 2 - The U.S. plans to impose tariffs on pharmaceuticals, which are crucial for India, as 31% of its $27.9 billion pharmaceutical exports go to the U.S., raising concerns about the viability of Indian generic drug companies [3] - India has announced a temporary 12% tariff on certain steel imports to protect domestic manufacturers from increased competition, effective for 200 days [5] - India is actively negotiating with the U.S. for a bilateral trade agreement, with a potential "win-win" deal expected within 90 days, which may include provisions that could harm Chinese interests [7]

4月27日，工业和信息化部副部长熊继军会见中国—东盟联合合作委员会代表团成员，双方就深化中国 与东盟工业和信息化领域合作交换意见。 熊继军表示，中国工业和信息化部愿与东盟各方加强沟通协调，共同推动工业、数字等领域务实合作， 以开放合作和多边主义对冲保护主义、单边主义，为世界经济注入更多确定性和稳定性。 中国—东盟联合合作委员会代表团表示，东盟与中国全方位合作潜力巨大，未来可期。东盟倡导多边主 义，高度重视与中国合作，期待中国进一步扩大对东盟投资，深化全面战略伙伴关系。 ...

新华财经联合国4月26日电（记者施春杨士龙）美国经济学家、哥伦比亚大学可持续发展中心主任杰弗 里·萨克斯日前说，美国的单边主义政策正在严重影响全球和平与发展。 在由中方主持召开的"单边主义和霸凌行径对国际关系的冲击"安理会阿里亚模式会议上，萨克斯说，按 照他的研究，在193个联合国会员国中，美国在"各国对联合国多边主义支持指数"中排名垫底，表明"美 国是最不支持联合国多边主义的国家"。他将此归因于美方频频违反国际承诺、实施单边制裁，以及在 联合国大会屡次投票反对多数国家的立场。 在视频连线发言中，萨克斯批评美国以错误的经济逻辑为依据，对他国滥施关税。"特朗普总统声称美 国的贸易逆差是其他国家占了美国的便宜。这完全不符合事实。"他指出，美国的贸易逆差源于自身财 政赤字和低储蓄率，而非别国的贸易行为。这些单边关税措施毫无正当理由，"不仅违反了多边主义， 在我看来，也违反了美国宪法，因为宪法将征税权赋予国会，而不是总统"。 萨克斯说，美国的"经济霸凌"不仅包括滥施关税，还涉及对个人、金融机构和主权国家资产的单方面制 裁。这些措施让人们失去了获取食物、水和医疗服务的机会，推高了死亡率，"不仅违反联合国宪章， 而且在道 ...

Group 1 - The informal meeting convened by China at the UN Security Council aimed to discuss the impact of the US's unilateral tariff policies on the global economy and to foster a consensus among member states against such actions [1][2][6] - The meeting highlighted the need for international cooperation to counter unilateralism and promote multilateralism, with over 80 countries participating and nearly 30 countries voicing their opinions [8][10] - The discussions underscored the significant economic challenges posed by the US's tariff war, which not only affects global supply chains but also has repercussions on international political and economic relations [8][17] Group 2 - The IMF has revised its global economic growth forecast for 2025 down to 2.8%, indicating a potential recession, while the UN report suggests a drop to 2.3%, highlighting the widespread impact of the tariff war [10] - The meeting served as a platform for emerging and developing countries to express their concerns regarding the adverse effects of the US tariff policies, emphasizing the need for a fair and predictable multilateral trade order [10][12] - The presence of US representatives at the meeting reflects the challenges the US faces in maintaining its stance amid growing international criticism of its unilateral actions [12][14] Group 3 - The ongoing tariff war has led to significant domestic backlash in the US, with economists and former presidents openly criticizing the policies, and multiple states filing lawsuits against the federal government [21][24] - The US's fluctuating stance on tariffs, including recent indications of a potential reduction, raises questions about the long-term sustainability of its trade policies [17][23] - China's response to the tariff war includes a commitment to high-level openness and the promotion of domestic demand, which may serve as a counterbalance to external pressures [29][34]