AI播客：换个方式听新闻 下载mp3 音频由扣子空间生成 美联储主席鲍威尔上周顶住了一个巨大威胁，击退了特朗普要求大幅降息的压力，尽管这位美国总统在 美联储理事会中的最高级别盟友也在施压要求采取更多行动。 最近当被问及美联储是否应该独立时，特朗普说："它应该是独立的，但我认为他们应该听像我这样的 聪明人的话，我认为我的直觉（比鲍威尔）更好。" 特朗普解雇库克的决定是在联邦住房主管、特朗普的高级盟友及央行的激烈批评者比尔·普尔特（Bill Pulte）指控她抵押贷款欺诈之后做出的。据悉司法部正在调查库克，但该机构并未指控她有不当行 为。 然而，该央行的领导人们现在将面临危险的几周，他们正在等待最高法院就美联储理事库克是否能被免 职做出裁决，而她对特朗普解雇决定的法律挑战正在美国法院系统中进行。 官员们越来越担心，如果最高法院允许罢免库克，哪怕是暂时的，那将给总统开绿灯，让他开始逐个清 除美联储最高级别的官员。 哥伦比亚大学法学院教授Lev Menand说，"在很多方面，这个决定将决定一切成败。" 这场法律对峙发生于特朗普上个月以抵押贷款欺诈的指控为由，采取行动解雇库克之后，她本人否认了 这些指控。库克此后起诉了 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve is not just a numerical adjustment but a significant test of the central bank's independence amid political pressures, particularly from President Trump [1][4][7]. Economic Rationality Support - The Federal Reserve's decision is backed by solid economic logic, as recent data indicates a moderate slowdown in the U.S. economy, with predictions of further weakening in growth rates [2][3]. - Non-farm payrolls added only 22,000 jobs in August, and the unemployment rate rose to 4.3%, highlighting increasing economic risks [2]. - The Fed's inflation forecast remains at a median of 3% for the end of the year, significantly above the 2% target, driven mainly by supply-side factors rather than demand-pull inflation [2]. Political Pressure Penetration - President Trump has openly criticized the Federal Reserve and taken actions to influence monetary policy, including appointing Stephen Milan, who aligns closely with Trump's demands for aggressive rate cuts [4][5]. - Milan's dual role in the White House and the Fed raises concerns about the independence of the central bank, as he voted against the Fed's decision shortly after taking office [5]. Independence Boundaries - Despite political pressures, the Fed maintains rational judgments regarding inflation and employment, indicating a struggle to uphold its independence [6]. - The recent rate cut reflects a compromise between economic rationality and political demands, suggesting a normalization of political intervention in monetary policy [7].

这是真正影响全球80亿人生计的大事件！ 美联储时隔9个月终于宣布降息，直降25个基点。此刻，全球资本巨头、华尔街大佬以及无数人的心跳，都因这一数字彻底改变。全球经济、你我手中的存 款、股票、未来的物价、油价，甚至未来世纪的趋势，都因美联储此次降息发生巨变。 这次美联储降息与以往大不相同——美国正因降息爆发近50年来最大规模的"天王山之战"，特朗普对阵鲍威尔，美联储对阵最高领袖。 美联储的独立性正面临有史以来最强大的挑战——特朗普。延续50年霸权的美元货币体系，可能在特朗普的"励精图治"下被推向深渊。 这场降息究竟是好是坏？它会带来什么影响？房子能买了吗？股票会涨吗？手中纸币的购买力会大幅贬值吗？这场降息为何成为美国的"天王山之战"？ 要回答这些问题，需从最基础的问题入手：被传得神乎其神的美联储究竟是什么？ 美联储全称美国联邦储备系统，通俗来说就是美国版的央行，负责发行和管理美元、维护美国金融稳定。它是全球金融体系中为数不多带有半私有化特征的 巨型机构。 不少博主称"美联储被神秘大佬操控，是世界主宰"，但这种说法很片面——经过上百年演化，美联储早已摆脱资本大佬的直接控制。 看美联储的架构便知：其银行实体由12家 ...

Group 1: Federal Reserve Actions - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis points rate cut, lowering the federal funds rate target range from 4.25%-4.50% to 4.00%-4.25%[1] - This is the first rate cut since December 2024, aligning with market expectations[1] - The FOMC's statement emphasized a slowdown in economic activity, removing previous references to net export volatility[1] Group 2: Economic Indicators - The statement noted that employment growth has slowed, with a slight increase in the unemployment rate, which remains low[2] - Recent employment data showed August non-farm payrolls below expectations, contributing to the decision to cut rates[2] - Current inflation rates are above the Fed's long-term target of 2%, with core PCE prices showing upward pressure[2] Group 3: Future Projections - The dot plot indicates that most Fed officials expect two more rate cuts in 2025, with a significant increase in the number of officials anticipating three cuts this year[4] - The median federal funds rate projections for 2026 and 2027 were lowered to 3.4% and 3.1%, respectively, reflecting expectations of ongoing economic pressure[4] - Powell described the rate cut as a "risk management measure" to balance employment and inflation amid a complex economic landscape[4]

Core Viewpoint - The transition of the Federal Reserve chairmanship from Powell signifies a significant shift in the nature of the Federal Reserve, indicating that political power is increasingly embedded in its decision-making framework, leading Wall Street to focus more on presidential intentions [1][13]. Candidate Qualifications - The selection process for the new Federal Reserve chair is being conducted with high visibility, with President Trump and Treasury Secretary Mnuchin actively involved in identifying candidates [1][5]. - The three leading candidates for the Federal Reserve chair position are Kevin Walsh, Kevin Hassett, and current Fed Governor Christopher Waller, with Mnuchin also considered a potential candidate [4][8][9]. Political Dynamics - Powell's tenure has been marked by significant administrative pressure, particularly from Trump, who has expressed dissatisfaction with Powell's decisions, including calls for interest rate cuts [3][4]. - Trump's approach to selecting a new chair is likely to prioritize compliance and alignment with his policies, contrasting with Powell's independent stance [4][11]. Implications for Federal Reserve Independence - The anticipated appointment of a new chair may lead to a dilution of the Federal Reserve's independence, with monetary policy increasingly influenced by political directives [13][14]. - The potential shift in leadership could result in a long-term inflationary environment in the U.S., affecting global economic stability and leading to adverse external shocks for other countries [13][14].

Group 1: Federal Reserve and Legal Dispute - President Trump is escalating the legal battle to dismiss Federal Reserve Governor Cook to the Supreme Court, seeking to overturn a lower court's ruling that blocked his dismissal decision [2] - Cook's legal team argues that her immediate removal would disrupt financial markets and undermine the independence of the Federal Reserve [2] - This case marks the first instance in the 111-year history of the Federal Reserve involving a "for cause" dismissal of a governor [2] Group 2: Market Reactions and Implications - The legal actions come just after the Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point interest rate cut, with Cook voting in favor of the cut [2] - If Trump successfully dismisses Cook and appoints a successor, he would control four out of seven seats on the Federal Reserve Board, significantly influencing monetary policy [2] - Markets are closely monitoring the Supreme Court's actions, as Cook's sudden dismissal could lead to increased volatility in the dollar, U.S. Treasury bonds, and stock markets [2] Group 3: Corporate Announcements and Financial Updates - Hong Kong-based Hongyang Real Estate announced an extension of the restructuring support agreement fee deadline to October 3, 2025, due to creditors needing more time [3] - Huaxia Holdings reported a total of 28.02 billion yuan in overdue debts as of July 31, 2025, with a significant portion attributed to its subsidiary Huaxia Happiness [3] - Prologis is reportedly seeking to list its China operations next year, indicating potential growth and investment opportunities in the logistics sector [3] Group 4: Market Movements and Bond Issuance - The Shenzhen government plans to issue a series of RMB senior bonds, reflecting ongoing efforts to raise capital in the market [4] - As of September 18, the yield on China's two-year government bonds was 1.48%, while the ten-year yield was 1.85%, indicating the current state of the bond market [6] - The U.S. two-year Treasury yield rose by 5 basis points to 3.57%, and the ten-year yield also increased by 5 basis points to 4.11%, showing trends in U.S. interest rates [6] Group 5: Ratings Updates - Zhongcheng Automobile Insurance Co., Ltd. had its financial strength rating upgraded from "BBB" to "BBB+" by Fitch Ratings, reflecting improved financial stability [5] - China Merchants Securities maintained its long-term foreign and local currency issuer ratings, indicating stable performance in the financial sector [5]

AI播客：换个方式听新闻 下载mp3 主席任期将于明年5月届满的鲍威尔，似乎也在他会后的讲话中，对米兰和白宫进行了有力的反击。 当被问及内部有无考虑过降息50个基点时，鲍威尔说，这"根本没有广泛的支持"。 尽管特朗普抱怨他行动太晚，但鲍威尔并不对今年大部分时间维持利率不变而后悔。鲍威尔说，"我认 为我们等待并观察关税、通胀和劳动力市场如何演变是正确的。" 前纽约联储主席杜德利在上周四的一篇文章中表示，"鲍威尔已牢牢掌控"了联邦公开市场委员会。他补 充说，那些倾向于维持利率不变的官员们遵从了美联储主席的意见，并同意降息。 与此同时，同为特朗普任命的鲍曼和沃勒，拒绝了特朗普要求的更大幅度的降息。杜德利写道，"他们 的行动展示了正直、对美联储使命的承诺以及维持央行独立性的重要性。" 华尔街的其他人也强调了这次的投票差距，特别是考虑到特朗普试图解雇美联储理事库克，以及他任命 的米兰并未辞去其白宫经济顾问的职务。 LPL Financial的首席经济学家Jeffrey Roach在上周的一份报告中表示，11比1的决定比预期的更能体现一 致性。 Federated Hermes的高级投资组合经理兼政府流动性团队主管Sus ...

汇通财经APP讯——在美联储政策决策的关键时刻，新任理事米兰以独立姿态亮相，他公开表示将独立 分析经济数据，并在周一（9月22日）的纽约发言中全面阐述自己的利率观点。这位新上任的理事强 调，自己没有从特朗普总统那里收到任何政策指示，这不仅缓解了市场对美联储独立性的疑虑，还凸显 出当前利率政策的分歧。米兰支持更大幅度的降息，与美联储主流共识形成鲜明对比，而明尼亚波利斯 联储主席卡什卡利则认为米兰的上任不过是常规人事变动，并对美联储的公众信任表示乐观。整个事件 反映出美国经济政策在就业、通胀和政治影响之间的微妙平衡，值得投资者密切关注。 米兰的独立政策宣言 米兰作为美联储的新任理事，在上周五（9月19日）的公开表态中明确强调了自己的独立性。他表示， 自己将基于对经济数据的客观解读来制定政策，不会受到外部干扰。这位理事刚刚在上周的会议中宣誓 就职，并在会上支持降息50个基点，这让他成为唯一持此观点的人。米兰承认自己的立场与众不同，并 承诺将在周一的发言中详细解释背后的经济逻辑和计算过程。他认为，当前的利率水平距离"中性"还有 较大差距，经济中不存在明显的通胀风险，尤其是在严格移民政策的影响下，住房需求将受到抑制，从 ...

Macro Strategy - The September FOMC meeting resulted in a 25bps rate cut, with guidance indicating two more cuts within the year and an additional cut next year, which is more hawkish than market expectations [1][17] - Powell's statements on employment and inflation were consistent with the August Jackson Hole meeting, lacking significant dovish information, leading to volatile movements in major asset classes [1][17] - The focus is shifting towards the independence of the Federal Reserve, with potential political pressures influencing future rate cuts and increasing dollar credit risks [1][17] Fixed Income - The convertible bond market experienced fluctuations, with high-priced bonds outperforming mid and low-priced ones, indicating a highly structured opportunity landscape driven by the current equity market [2][19] - The China convertible bond index has risen over 30% since its low in August 2024, with a corresponding increase in the premium rate of about 8-12 percentage points [2][19] - The issuance of green bonds totaled approximately 20.052 billion yuan this week, a significant increase from the previous week, indicating strong market interest [4][23] Industry Insights - In the semiconductor equipment sector, domestic equipment manufacturers are expected to benefit significantly from the development of domestic computing power chips [12] - The oil service equipment industry is poised to gain from Saudi Aramco's plan to initiate 85 major projects over the next three years, with specific recommendations for companies like Jereh and Neway [13] - The precision manufacturing sector, particularly in 3C electronics, is highlighted for its growth potential, with companies like Fuliwang expected to see significant profit increases from 2025 to 2027 [16]

尽管美联储做出了降息决定，但对弈不会停止。 从强制要求美联储降息，到突然解雇美联储理事会成员，再到公然将亲信配置到美联储决策层，美国总 统特朗普与美联储的权力博弈正在不断升级。尽管美联储日前做出了降息25基点的决定，但双方对弈不 会就此停止。这场关乎政治力量与经济规律、行政干预与市场工具、宪法权限与制度边界之间的激烈较 量，不仅是共和党与民主党利益对抗与互相否定的又一次公开表演，更可能彻底动摇美联储独立性根 基，同时改变现代货币政策体系走向。 独立性是美联储的底色 独立性既是美联储的深厚底色，也是美联储顽强守卫的一面神圣大旗。1907年，美国商业国民银行以及 纽约第三大信托银行尼克博克斯信托拉响破产警报，随后发生挤兑风潮，且可能传染到其他银行以及信 托机构，整个金融系统都将遭受冲击。恐慌之下，摩根银行在美国财政部的支持下联合多家金融机构出 资救市，阻断了危机传染链。经此一役，美国政府看到了市场力量的强大，也更担心私人经济会干预和 控制国家金融调控大权，美联储因此诞生。 看得出，美联储是为维护国家宏观政策运行独立而产生。1913年《联邦储备法》落地。该法规定，中央 银行联邦储备体系由联邦储备系统理事会、联邦公开 ...