美国长期以来就是坚持翻脸如翻书的政策，如今美国总统已经公开强调，美国要制裁与俄罗斯有贸易往来的 国家，并且是要用课税500%的方式。 2025年11月，美国政府宣布给予匈牙利为期一年的能源制裁豁免，允许其继续进口俄罗斯石油，理由是"匈牙 利作为内陆国家高度依赖俄能源"。 就在同一时间段，美国国会却在积极推动一项针对与俄罗斯维持贸易往来经济体的制裁法案，明确提出要加 征500%的关税，而印度因为持续从俄罗斯进口石油并出口成品油，正成为这项法案的重点针对对象。 这种截然不同的待遇，赤裸裸地暴露了美国所谓"基于规则的国际秩序"不过是服务于自身利益的工具，双标 的底色早已昭然若揭。 美国对俄罗斯的制裁早已不是新鲜事，自2022年俄乌冲突爆发以来，西方国家对俄罗斯实施的制裁措施已超 过1.5万项，其中美国主导的就有3500多项。 但到了2025年，美国似乎觉得这些手段还不够，又想出了加征500%关税的"狠招"。 据路透社报道，美国国会在2025年初就开始酝酿相关法案，声称要"切断俄罗斯通过第三方国家获取战争资 金的渠道"，而印度被美国视为"重点关注对象"。 美国总统在公开场合多次抨击印度，称其在俄乌冲突期间"攫取了巨大 ...

Core Viewpoint - The global economy is transitioning from a "unipolar world" to a multipolar one, presenting opportunities for establishing a new international financial order [2] Group 1: International Financial System - The old economic order has ended, creating opportunities for a better system [2] - The U.S. economy, while still significant, no longer has a decisive role, as it primarily pursues its own interests [2] - The current trade system is no longer dominated by a single power, making a diversified system increasingly important [2] - Existing international institutions have not adequately reflected changes in the global economic landscape [2] Group 2: Emerging Markets and Investment - Emerging countries are gaining influence in the global system, requiring substantial investment and technology transfer to address issues like climate change [2] - Political uncertainty, particularly in trade and investment, poses obstacles to the development of emerging markets [2][3] - Developing countries seek autonomy in choosing technology and attracting capital at optimal prices, highlighting the importance of multilateral cooperation [3] Group 3: Role of IMF and Financial Stability - The global financial crisis had a lesser impact on China and Africa compared to the Asian financial crisis [4] - The IMF has become more responsive to crises over the past decade, with development banks enhancing their balance sheet resilience [4] - Future liquidity management and local currency financial services will be crucial for directing capital to the countries that need it most [4]