指数估值日期：2025-11-24 中证全指 市盈率19.91市盈率百分位86.73%市净率1.56市净率百分位41.66% 无风险利率 中国10年国债收益率=1.82% 美国10年国债收益率=4.05% A股主要宽基指数估值表 指数名称市盈率（PE）市净率（PB）市盈率百分位市净率百分位股息率ROE科创 50146.055.7980.292.110.463.35中证A50015.591.4779.5179.512.328.59中证100044.912.363.9241.331.25.1上 证5011.171.1357.7831.562.949.01沪深30013.11.2657.1821.492.588.55中证50031.072.0556.9839.751.466.57 创业板指37.854.8623.4855.961.011.18 A股主要行业指数估值表 指数名称市盈率（PE）市净率（PB）市盈率百分位市净率百分位股息率ROE综合 711.012.2896.4827.581.02.31计算机201.454.3793.2463.460.742.34商贸零售106.581.9392.7729.011.353 ...

成交活跃度上升，上证 50 跌幅最小 [Table_Authors] 方奕(分析师) ——情绪与估值 11 月第 4 期 本报告导读： 上周（2025/11/17-2025/11/21）成交活跃度上升，上证 50 估值降幅最小。宽基指数： 估值全面下降，上证 50 跌幅最小。行业指数：PE 估值通信，PB 估值石油石化领 涨。情绪：交易活跃度上升，换手率全面上升，成交额全面下降。ERP：环比上升。 投资要点： | | 021-38031658 | | --- | --- | | | fangyi2@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880520120005 | | | 李健(分析师) | | | 010-83939798 | | | lijian8@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880525070013 | [Table_Report] 相关报告 美国政府停摆结束，联储降息预期放缓 2025.11.19 资产概览：美联储降息预期出现逆转 2025.11.18 科技制造供需紧张，消费出行景气改善 2025.11.18 融资资金流入加速，外资流入放缓 2025.11.17 成交活跃度上升， ...

| 指数表现 | A股 | 沪深300 | 上证50 | 创业板 | 中证500 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 收盘价 | 3931.05 | 4564.95 | 3008.29 | 3042.34 | 7061.95 | | 涨跌（%） | -0.40 | -0.51 | -0.40 | -1.12 | -0.85 | | 估值 | 沪深300 | 上证50 | 中证500 | 标普500 | 德国DAX | | PE(TTM) | 14.14 | 12.03 | 32.17 | 25.98 | 18.06 | | 环比变化 | -0.02 | 0.01 | -0.27 | -0.41 | 0.09 | | 风险溢价 | 沪深300 | 上证50 | 中证500 | 标普500 | 德国DAX | | 1/PE-10利率 | 3.70 | 5.77 | -0.38 | -0.24 | 2.82 | | 环比变化 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.11 | -0.04 | | 资金流向 | A股 | 主板 | 中小企业板 | 创业板 | 沪 ...

大小盘股都下跌，跌幅差不多。 价值风格比较强势，波动略小。 成长风格继续下跌，创业板、科创板下跌。 今年市场风格切换比较快。 文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 今天大盘略微下跌，截止到收盘，还在4.2星。 到了四季度又反过来，成长风格下跌比较多，价值风格整体上涨。 港股比A股坚挺一些。 恒生指数、恒生红利低波动等微涨。 港股科技股下跌。 港股科技目前距离低估也不远了，大约40倍市盈率以下回到低估。 1. 有朋友问，红利类指数基金如何做止盈呢？是到高估么？ 二季度价值风格强势，银行指数在6月底7月初最高的时候摸到了高估，之后价值风格回调。 三季度成长风格强势，创业板创下最近10年，最大单季度涨幅，价值风格大幅跑输成长风格。创业板科创板9月底达到高估，之后成长风格回 调。 红利指数基金，如果到了高估，是可以做止盈的。 这跟其他指数基金相同。 只不过红利类指数基金，历史上到高估的机会不多。 主要在2007年、2009年、2015年等1-2星级大牛市的时候出现过。 因为红利指数本身波动比较小，大致是A股整体市场波动的60-70%。 同时，每年红利类指数会有调仓，调仓的时候，会选择估值低的股票纳入进来。 指数自带 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent fluctuations in the stock market, particularly focusing on the impact of liquidity tightening and the potential for future market rallies, emphasizing the characteristics of bull markets in A-shares and Hong Kong stocks. Market Performance - The overall market saw a slight decline, with the CSI All Share Index down by 0.28%, currently rated at 4.2 stars [1] - Large-cap stocks like the CSI 300 experienced minor gains, while small-cap stocks faced declines [2] - The previously overvalued CSI 2000 index saw a drop of 1.4% [3] - Value stocks demonstrated resilience against market downturns [4] - Indices related to undervalued sectors, such as Hong Kong and Shenzhen dividend and free cash flow indices, showed an increase [5] - Growth sectors, particularly the STAR Market, experienced more significant declines, with a correction of over 10% from their peak [6] Liquidity Concerns - Recent market volatility is attributed to concerns over the uncertainty of the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts in December, leading to short-term liquidity tightening [12] - This liquidity tightening has resulted in a simultaneous decline across various asset classes, including stocks, gold, and cryptocurrencies [13] - Historical precedents for such liquidity crises were noted, with global stock indices experiencing an average pullback of approximately 3.9% from their highs [17] - The A-share market's decline was relatively modest at about 3.2% from its peak, with dividend-related stocks reaching historical highs last week [20] Future Liquidity and Market Outlook - The company anticipates that the Federal Reserve will eventually enter a phase of interest rate cuts, given the high interest burden on U.S. debt, which exceeds $1 trillion annually [23] - The timing of these cuts may vary, potentially being delayed by several months [23] - The article asserts that there will be future phases of market increases, particularly in A-shares and Hong Kong stocks [24] Characteristics of Bull Markets - Bull markets in A-shares and Hong Kong stocks are characterized by rapid increases rather than gradual rises, with significant gains occurring in short bursts [25] - Since September 2024, A-shares have risen by 40-50%, with most gains concentrated in the last two weeks of September and select days in August and September 2025 [26][27] - The fastest recorded increase in A-shares over the past decade occurred in late September 2024 [28] - The article emphasizes that substantial market gains typically occur in only about 7% of trading days, which contribute to the majority of returns [31] Investment Strategy - Investors are advised to be patient and prepared for potential waiting periods between market rallies, as significant increases may be separated by months of sideways movement [34] - The article highlights that despite the overall positive performance of A-shares and Hong Kong stocks, a significant portion of retail investors may still be at a loss due to poor timing in buying and selling [43] - The article concludes with a reminder that good investment returns come from a combination of quality assets, favorable pricing, and long-term holding strategies [46]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the importance of historical data in understanding market cycles and the impact of index rule changes on valuation metrics. Group 1: Historical Data Reference - Historical market cycles typically last 7-10 years, and analyzing only 2-3 years of data can lead to incomplete insights [2] - It is recommended to find similar style indices with longer historical data for reference, as they tend to exhibit similar performance trends [3] Group 2: Index Rule Changes - Changes in index rules can significantly alter valuation metrics, making historical valuations less relevant [5] - For example, the change of the CSI 100 index name to CSI A100 shifted its selection criteria from market capitalization to a leading stock strategy, affecting its valuation [5] - The H-share index also underwent changes, increasing from 40 to 50 stocks, which included more internet companies, thus altering its historical valuation reference [6] Group 3: Valuation Calculation Methods - Different weighting algorithms in index valuation can lead to changes in percentile rankings [6] - The CSI Dividend Index transitioned from a market-cap weighted approach to a dividend yield weighted approach, which significantly changed the representation of bank stocks within the index [8][9] - The actual P/E ratio of the CSI Dividend Index is around 9-10 times, contrasting with the lower P/E ratio calculated using the previous market-cap weighting method [9] Group 4: Economic Downturns - During economic downturns, declining profits can lead to an increase in P/E ratios, which may not reflect actual stock price increases [11][13] - Indices like CSI 1000 and CSI 2000 have experienced profit declines over the past two years, necessitating the use of stable financial metrics for valuation [14] - In cases of unstable or declining profits, the price-to-book ratio may serve as a more reliable valuation metric [15]

Core Viewpoint - The overall market is experiencing an upward trend, with the index returning to a rating of 4.1 stars, indicating a positive investment environment [1]. Market Performance - Large, medium, and small-cap stocks are all rising, with medium-cap stocks showing slightly higher gains [2]. - Growth styles, particularly in the technology and innovation sectors, have rebounded strongly after recent declines [3]. - In the value style, stocks with strong free cash flow have increased by over 2%, approaching normal valuation levels [4]. - The Hong Kong stock market is also seeing overall gains, with the Hang Seng Index and the Hong Kong Technology Index rising by over 2% [6][7]. Historical Context of Market Ratings - The article discusses the rarity of 1-star market bubbles, which typically occur at the peak of bull markets, such as in 2007 and 2015 for A-shares, where the Shanghai Composite Index reached over 6000 and 5000 points respectively [12][16]. - The article notes that after the 1-star ratings in 2007 and 2015, A-shares experienced significant declines of 70% and 50% respectively [16]. - Comparatively, the Nasdaq experienced a similar bubble in 2000, with a subsequent drop of over 80% until it regained its previous levels in 2017 [17]. Current Market Conditions - The current market is characterized by a recovery in fundamentals, with a single-digit year-on-year profit growth for the CSI index, indicating a modest improvement compared to the previous year [26]. - The global market's rise is primarily driven by the Federal Reserve entering a rate-cutting cycle, leading to increased liquidity [26]. - The current market dynamics resemble those of 2015, with ample liquidity driving small-cap and growth stocks to lead the rally, although personal leverage is being strictly controlled [26]. Valuation Insights - The article provides a valuation table for various dividend and free cash flow indices, indicating the current earnings yield and other financial metrics for reference [28]. - The valuation data suggests that certain indices are currently undervalued and suitable for dollar-cost averaging, while others are overvalued [42]. Future Outlook - The potential for the current bull market to reach a 1-star rating is uncertain, with short-term fluctuations being unpredictable [26]. - The article emphasizes the importance of patience in investment, suggesting that investors should buy during downturns and sell during peaks, while waiting for opportunities in between [26].

Market Overview - The market opened lower but closed higher, with overall fluctuations remaining small, maintaining a rating of 4.2 stars [1] - Both large-cap and small-cap stocks experienced slight increases [2] - Value style continues to show strength [3] - Indices related to dividends and free cash flow have seen continuous increases [4] - Growth style opened lower but rebounded significantly in the afternoon [5] - Hong Kong stocks showed minor fluctuations, with no significant changes [6] Global Asset Fluctuations - Recent global assets have experienced some volatility, with gold retreating 10% from previous highs [7] - Cryptocurrencies have seen a 20% decline from their peaks [8] - U.S. stocks reached overvalued levels for the first time this year before correcting back to a normal high valuation [9] - Japanese stocks dropped by 3% and South Korean stocks by 5% on Wednesday [10] - Global stock markets have recently corrected by 2-4% [11] - A-shares have also shown similar volatility to global markets [12] - The CSI All Share Index fell from 5967 points to 5847 points, a decline of approximately 2-3% [13] - Hong Kong stocks have experienced greater volatility, with the Hang Seng Index correcting about 5.2% recently [16] Interest Rate Impact - The recent global asset correction is primarily attributed to events in the last couple of weeks, following a period of overall asset appreciation under the backdrop of U.S. dollar interest rate cuts [17] - Non-U.S. stock markets, gold, and cryptocurrencies have all shown considerable gains in the first three quarters of the year [18] - The relationship between interest rates and asset values is likened to gravity's effect on objects [19] - A decrease in U.S. interest rates is beneficial for asset valuation [20] Federal Reserve Signals - Following interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve in September and October, the market initially expected further cuts in December [21] - Recent signals from the Federal Reserve indicate that a December rate cut is "far from" a certainty [22] - This has led to a significant reduction in market expectations for a December rate cut [23] - The extent of volatility is also related to the previous valuations of assets [24] - For instance, gold was previously overvalued, leading to a 10% correction, while the A-share market's high-tech board corrected by approximately 12% [26] Long-term Outlook - There is no need for excessive concern regarding these fluctuations, as even in previous bull markets, there have been multiple corrections exceeding 10% [28] - Over the past year, A-shares and Hong Kong stocks have risen by 40-50% since reaching a rating of 5.9 stars [29] - The recent market index fluctuations have only been around 2-3%, which can be considered mere oscillations [31] - A-shares have shown relatively stable fluctuations amid global asset volatility [32] - In the long term, U.S. interest rates are expected to gradually decrease due to the substantial debt burden of approximately $38 trillion, with annual interest payments exceeding $1 trillion [34] - The strategy to alleviate this burden is straightforward: lower interest rates to refinance existing debt [35] - It is anticipated that U.S. interest rates will eventually return to historical averages of 2-3%, although the timing may vary from a few months to over half a year [36] - Delaying interest rate cuts could extend the current market rally [39] - Caution is advised for overvalued assets, while undervalued and fundamentally sound assets are expected to perform well in the future [40]

Core Viewpoint - The overall market is experiencing a decline, particularly in large-cap stocks, with the CSI 300 index down by 1.47%. The recent rapid rise in the ChiNext and STAR Market has led to a correction, despite the underlying financial reports being solid [2]. Market Performance - The ChiNext and STAR Market saw significant declines after reaching overvalued levels, with the ChiNext rising 50% in Q3, marking the second-fastest quarterly increase in its history [2]. - Small-cap stocks are generally rising, indicating a rotation in market styles, while sectors like consumer and healthcare are seeing gains, contrasting with declines in most other industries [2]. Q3 Earnings Reports - Q3 earnings reports show an improvement in year-on-year profit growth for A-share companies compared to Q1 and Q2, contributing to the market's rise in August and September [2]. - The earnings reports can be categorized into three tiers: - **First Tier**: Strongest profit growth and highest valuations, primarily in technology [2]. - **Second Tier**: Stable profit growth, including sectors with consistent free cash flow and dividends, showing a slow bull market trend [2]. - **Third Tier**: Real estate and consumer sectors, where profit growth has declined, with some leading consumer companies reporting significant year-on-year profit drops [2][3]. Recovery Patterns - Some consumer companies are experiencing significant profit declines in Q3, which may lead to a recovery in 2026 as the lower base makes it easier to show year-on-year growth [3][18]. - The technology and healthcare sectors have shown similar recovery patterns, with technology stocks rebounding significantly after a period of profit decline [4][10][12]. Investment Strategy - The market's volatility suggests a cautious approach to investment, with recommendations to maintain sector exposure within 15-20% for stability [21]. - The focus should be on buying during downturns and selling during peaks, with patience emphasized during uncertain periods [24]. Valuation Insights - The article provides a valuation summary for various Hong Kong stock indices, indicating that the Hong Kong market has outperformed A-shares this year, returning to a higher valuation level [25][27].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent market trends, particularly focusing on the impact of the Federal Reserve's interest rate decisions on global and domestic stock markets, highlighting the performance of various indices and sectors. Market Performance - The overall market experienced a decline, with the CSI All Share Index down approximately 1% [2] - Large-cap stocks showed less volatility compared to small-cap stocks, which experienced a more significant decline [3] - The growth style of stocks saw a notable drop, while value styles remained strong [4][7] - The ChiNext Index fell by 1.8%, indicating a trend of high valuation followed by declines [8][10] Federal Reserve's Interest Rate Decision - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point rate cut, aligning with market expectations, but indicated that a rate cut in December is not guaranteed [14][15][16] - This uncertainty regarding future rate cuts has raised concerns in the market, leading to a short-term decline in U.S. stocks [19] - Since the Fed's first rate cut announcement in September 2024, global stock markets have risen by approximately 28%, with A-shares increasing over 50% and Hong Kong stocks rising over 55% [23][24] Impact of Rate Cuts on Markets - Rate cuts are generally seen as beneficial for the stock market, as lower dollar rates favor global assets [21] - The positive effects of rate cuts are often reflected in the market weeks before the actual announcement, as investors anticipate these changes [25] - The article suggests that the dollar interest rates are likely to continue decreasing, which would benefit RMB assets and potentially lead to further increases in A-shares [26][27] Valuation Insights - The article provides a valuation table for dividend and free cash flow indices, indicating various metrics such as earnings yield, price-to-earnings ratio, and dividend yield for different indices [6][27] - The valuation insights suggest that certain indices are undervalued and suitable for investment, while others are overvalued [42] Additional Resources - The article mentions a live session scheduled for October 31 to discuss investment strategies and insights related to the current market conditions [34] - A free investment guide is offered to help readers understand fund advisory services better [30]