9月24日，国际油价持续上涨带动内盘燃料油期货价格同步上行。截至午盘收盘，主力2601合约上涨3.70%，报2860元/吨；2510合约大涨5.45%，报2921 元/吨。低硫燃料油主力2511合约收涨1.26%，报3387元/吨。 展望四季度，凌川惠认为，高硫燃料油面临供应增加、需求转弱等利空因素影响，总体呈现"强现实，弱预期"的市场格局。低硫燃料油供应同样充裕，投 资者需要持续关注市场消息、汽柴油裂解价变化等因素。如果汽柴油需求依然强劲，则将提振低硫燃料油价格。 为何高硫燃料油价格涨幅高于低硫燃料油？中信期货研究所能化组研究员杨家明表示，因为当前高硫燃料油风险溢价高于低硫燃料油。 在杨家明看来，相较于低硫燃料油，高硫燃料油有着更强的地缘属性。俄罗斯是全球主要的高硫燃料油出口国。近年来，俄乌冲突以及美国和欧盟持续打 击俄罗斯"影子油轮舰队"等事件都对其出口造成了较大影响。尤其是今年5月以来，乌克兰持续袭击俄罗斯炼厂和港口，造成俄罗斯约5000万吨炼化产能 受损，影响燃料油产量约925万吨。相关数据显示，9月上半月俄罗斯石油制品总出口量降至194万桶/天，为2022年俄乌冲突爆发以来的最低值。 基本面方面，据 ...

Report Overview - Report Title: Fuel Oil and Low-Sulfur Fuel Oil Weekly Report - Report Date: September 21, 2025 - Analyst: Liang Kefang from Guotai Junan Futures Research Institute [1] 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints - This week, the prices of fuel oil and low-sulfur fuel oil still fluctuated, but the amplitude significantly narrowed. For high-sulfur fuel oil, Middle East exports remained high, and the spot market transaction premium in the Asia-Pacific region continued to be below 0. There is a possibility of shipments from Northwest Europe to Asia, making it difficult for the Asia-Pacific low-sulfur market price to improve. For low-sulfur fuel oil, the previous strength of the Asia-Pacific low-sulfur price has basically disappeared. The shutdown of downstream facilities in Nigeria may continue to provide support in the future, but due to high port inventories and the price difference between the domestic and foreign markets, the domestic LU futures price is unlikely to turn strongly bullish. - The estimated value range is 2650 - 2900 for FU and 3300 - 3500 for LU. - Strategies include: 1) Unilateral: The bottom support of FU is emerging, while LU is weakening marginally. 2) Inter - period: FU and LU will maintain their current structures. 3) Inter - commodity: The cracking spread of FU will fluctuate at a high level; the LU - FU spread may still contract slightly in the short term. [4] 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Supply - **Refinery Operations**: Data on the capacity utilization rates of Chinese refineries (crude oil: atmospheric and vacuum distillation), independent refineries, and major refineries are presented, covering the period from 2016 - 2025. [6] - **Global Refinery Maintenance**: Data on the maintenance volumes of global FCC, CDU, hydrocracking, and coking units are provided, spanning from 2018 - 2025. [13][14][15] - **Domestic Refinery Fuel Oil Production and Commercial Volume**: Data on the monthly production of fuel oil, low - sulfur fuel oil, and domestic commercial volume of fuel oil in China are shown, covering 2018 - 2025. [18] 3.2 Demand - **Domestic and Foreign Fuel Oil Demand Data**: Data on the monthly actual consumption of marine fuel oil in China, the monthly sales volume of fuel oil bunkering in Singapore, and the monthly apparent consumption of fuel oil in China are presented, covering 2018 - 2025. [22] 3.3 Inventory - **Global Fuel Oil Spot Inventory**: Data on the heavy oil inventory in Singapore, the fuel oil inventory in European ARA, the heavy distillate inventory in Fujairah, and the residual fuel oil inventory in the US are provided, covering 2018 - 2025. [25][26][28] 3.4 Price and Spread - **Asia - Pacific Regional Spot FOB Prices**: Data on the FOB prices of 3.5% and 0.5% fuel oil in Fujairah, Singapore, and other regions are presented, covering 2018 - 2025. [32][34][36] - **European Regional Spot FOB Prices**: Data on the FOB prices of 3.5% and 1% fuel oil in Northwest Europe, the Mediterranean, etc. are provided, covering 2018 - 2025. [38][39][41] - **US Regional Fuel Oil Spot Prices**: Data on the FOB prices of 3.5% and 0.5% fuel oil in the US Gulf, the cargo price of high - sulfur fuel oil in New York Harbor, and the price of low - sulfur straight - run fuel oil in USAC are presented, covering 2018 - 2025. [44][45] - **Paper and Derivative Prices**: Data on the high - sulfur and low - sulfur swaps in Northwest Europe and Singapore, as well as the prices of LU and FU futures contracts, are provided, covering 2024 - 2025. [48][49][53] - **Fuel Oil Spot Spread**: Data on the high - and low - sulfur spread, viscosity spread, and cracking spread in Singapore, as well as the 3.5% cracking spread in Northwest Europe, are presented, covering 2018 - 2025. [56][57][58] - **Global Fuel Oil Paper Monthly Spread**: Data on the M1 - M2 and M2 - M3 spreads of high - and low - sulfur fuel oil in Singapore and Northwest Europe are provided, covering 2022 - 2025. [62] 3.5 Import and Export - **Domestic Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: Data on the monthly import and export volumes of fuel oil (excluding biodiesel) in China are presented, covering 2018 - 2025. [66][67] - **Global High - Sulfur Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: Data on the weekly import and export volume changes of high - sulfur fuel oil in regions such as China, the Middle East, the US, and Russia are provided. [70][71] - **Global Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: Data on the weekly import and export volume changes of low - sulfur fuel oil in regions such as Singapore + Malaysia, China, the US, and the Middle East are provided. [73] 3.6 Futures Market Indicators and Internal - External Spreads - **Review**: This week, the fuel oil prices in the Asia - Pacific region generally declined, and the Zhoushan market moved in tandem. In terms of spreads, the domestic FU and LU were relatively stronger than the overseas market, and the premium and discount improved. - **Logic**: This week, the spot prices at home and abroad generally declined. Due to the high inventory in the Singapore market, the overseas spot prices were generally weak. In the domestic market, FU started to rebound from the bottom, and the internal - external spread was repaired. Similarly, for LU, because the newly issued quota decreased year - on - year, the spot supply at ports will not increase significantly in the future, so the internal - external spread of low - sulfur fuel oil also improved. [76] 3.7 FU and LU Position and Volume Changes - Data on the trading volume and open interest of fuel oil and low - sulfur fuel oil futures contracts (main contract, continuous contract, etc.) are presented, covering 2020 - 2025. [87][89][92] 3.8 FU and LU Warehouse Receipt Quantity Changes - Data on the warehouse receipt quantity changes of FU and LU are presented, covering 2020 - 2025. [99][100]

Report Overview - Report Title: Fuel Oil and Low-Sulfur Fuel Oil Weekly Report [1] - Author: Liang Kefang from Guotai Junan Futures Research Institute [1] - Date: September 14, 2025 [1] 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core Views - This week, the prices of fuel oil and low-sulfur fuel oil fluctuated widely with increased volatility, and the price center generally moved downward. For high-sulfur fuel oil, Middle East exports remained high, and the window transaction premium was weak, indicating weak spot market transactions. The domestic inventory was replenished in the early stage, and the near-month contracts were continuously suppressed. The domestic and international prices are expected to have limited improvement in the short term. However, there is a possibility that the US and Europe may increase sanctions on Russia, which will bring significant uncertainty to the high-sulfur supply and support prices. For low-sulfur fuel oil, in addition to the continuous supply recovery in Japan, Brazil's exports to the Asia-Pacific region also increased since the end of August. Coupled with some European arbitrage supplies in transit, the Asia-Pacific spot prices are expected to remain weak. The amount of the new quota is still one of the core factors affecting LU valuation. If the quota increases significantly year-on-year, given the high inventory in Zhoushan, the pattern of loose or even surplus supply will have an obvious negative impact on the LU market. Since the issuance time and specific scale of the new quota are still highly variable, continuous observation is needed [4]. - Valuation: FU is estimated to be in the range of 2650 - 2900, and LU in the range of 3300 - 3500 [4]. - Strategies: 1) Unilateral: FU is expected to oscillate strongly in the short term, while LU is relatively weak. 2) Inter-period: FU and LU will maintain their current structures. 3) Inter-variety: The cracking spread of FU will oscillate at a high level; the LU - FU spread may rebound [4]. 3. Summary by Directory Supply - **Refinery Operation**: The document presents data on the capacity utilization rates of Chinese refineries, including overall refineries, independent refineries, and major refineries, from 2016 - 2025 [6]. - **Global Refinery Maintenance**: Data on the maintenance volumes of global CDU, hydrocracking, FCC, and coking units from 2018 - 2025 are provided [9][11][13][14]. - **Domestic Refinery Fuel Oil Production and Commercial Volume**: Data on the monthly production of fuel oil in China from 2018 - 2025, the monthly production of low-sulfur fuel oil in Chinese refineries from 2021 - 2025, and the monthly commercial volume of domestic fuel oil from 2021 - 2025 are shown [20]. Demand - **Domestic and International Fuel Oil Demand Data**: Data on the monthly actual consumption of marine fuel oil in China from 2020 - 2025, the monthly sales of fuel oil for ship supply in Singapore from 2018 - 2025, and the monthly apparent consumption of fuel oil in China from 2018 - 2025 are presented [23]. Inventory - **Global Fuel Oil Spot Inventory**: Data on the heavy oil inventory in Singapore from 2018 - 2025, the fuel oil inventory in European ARA from 2018 - 2025, the heavy distillate inventory in Fujairah from 2018 - 2025, and the residual fuel oil inventory in the US from 2018 - 2025 are provided [26][28][29]. Price and Spread - **Asia-Pacific Regional Spot FOB Prices**: Data on the FOB prices of 3.5% fuel oil in Fujairah, 3.5% and 0.5% fuel oil in Singapore, and 0.5% fuel oil in Fujairah from 2018 - 2025 are presented [34][35][36]. - **European Regional Spot FOB Prices**: Data on the FOB prices of 3.5% fuel oil in the Mediterranean, 1% fuel oil in the Mediterranean and Northwest Europe, 3.5% fuel oil in Northwest Europe, and 3.5% fuel oil in the US Gulf from 2018 - 2025 are provided [38][39][41][43][44]. - **US Regional Fuel Oil Spot Prices**: Data on the FOB prices of 3.5% fuel oil in the US Gulf, the cargo price of high-sulfur fuel oil in New York Harbor, and the price of low-sulfur straight-run fuel oil in USAC from 2018 - 2025 are presented [44]. - **Paper and Derivative Prices**: Data on the swaps of high-sulfur and low-sulfur fuel oil in Northwest Europe and Singapore, as well as the swaps of 380 ship fuel in Singapore from 2024 - 2025 are provided [47][48]. - **Fuel Oil Spot Spread**: Data on the high - low sulfur spread and viscosity spread in Singapore from 2018 - 2025 are presented [57][58]. - **Global Fuel Oil Cracking Spread**: Data on the high-sulfur cracking spread in Singapore, the 3.5% cracking spread in Northwest Europe, the low-sulfur cracking spread in Singapore, and the 1% cracking spread in Northwest Europe from 2019 - 2025 are provided [61][62][63]. - **Global Fuel Oil Paper Monthly Spread**: Data on the monthly spreads of high - and low - sulfur fuel oil in Singapore and Northwest Europe from 2022 - 2025 are presented [65]. Import and Export - **Domestic Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: Data on the monthly import and export volumes of fuel oil (excluding biodiesel) in China from 2018 - 2025 are presented [71][73]. - **Global High - Sulfur Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: Data on the weekly changes in global high - sulfur fuel oil import and export volumes, including major importing and exporting regions such as China, the Middle East, the US, Russia, and Latin America, are provided [75]. - **Global Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: Data on the weekly changes in global low - sulfur fuel oil import and export volumes, including major importing and exporting regions such as Singapore, China, the US, the Middle East, and Japan, are provided [77]. Futures Market Indicators and Spreads - **Review**: This week, the Asia-Pacific fuel oil prices generally declined, and the Zhoushan market followed the same trend. In terms of spreads, the domestic FU and LU were relatively stronger than the overseas market, and the premium increased [80]. - **Logic**: This week, the spot prices at home and abroad generally declined. Due to the high inventory in the Singapore market, the overseas spot prices were generally weak. In the domestic market, after the delivery, the inventory on the futures market was digested to some extent, which supported the prices of FU and LU and made them relatively stronger than the overseas spot prices. The premium of FU and LU relative to the Singapore market increased [80]. - **Spot and Futures Market Spreads**: Data on the 380 and 0.5% spot and futures market spreads between domestic and Singapore fuel oil from 2021 - 2025 are presented [84][85][88][89][90]. - **FU and LU Position and Volume Changes**: Data on the trading volume and open interest of fuel oil main contracts, low - sulfur fuel oil continuous and first - month contracts from 2020 - 2025 are presented [93][95][98][100][101]. - **FU and LU Warehouse Receipt Quantity Changes**: Data on the changes in the quantity of FU and LU warehouse receipts from 2020 - 2025 are presented [104][105].

Core Viewpoint - Recent fluctuations in low-sulfur fuel oil futures prices are primarily influenced by supply-side factors, with increased low-sulfur supply and high inventory levels leading to downward pressure on prices [6][24]. Supply Analysis - The Dangote refinery has delayed the restart of its RFCC unit, which was originally scheduled for September 20, extending the shutdown by at least three months. This is expected to double the weekly export volume of low-sulfur fuel oil to around 180,000 tons over the next three months [7]. - Other Middle Eastern refineries are maintaining stable low-sulfur supply levels without significant changes [7]. - The total low-sulfur fuel oil tendered by Dangote for September amounts to 390,000 tons, with no corresponding shipping dates observed yet [9]. Demand Analysis - The demand for low-sulfur fuel oil is under pressure due to the end of the summer peak and the decline in power generation needs in the Middle East. The current demand for low-sulfur fuel oil lacks substantial support [6][24]. - In July, Singapore's marine fuel demand showed stability and slight improvement, with total marine fuel sales reaching 4.92 million tons, a month-on-month increase of 7% and a year-on-year increase of 5.7%. However, low-sulfur fuel oil sales decreased by 3% month-on-month [15]. Inventory Levels - As of September 10, 2025, Singapore's fuel oil inventory reached approximately 4.18 million tons, a slight decrease of 160,000 tons but still at a historical high. Zhoushan Port's fuel oil inventory stands at 1.18 million tons [23][24]. Price Dynamics - The price difference between low-sulfur and high-sulfur fuel oils has widened to historical highs, prompting some shipowners to switch to high-sulfur fuel. The recent price fluctuations are mainly driven by supply changes, with the low-sulfur fuel oil market facing downward pressure due to high inventory and weak demand [15][24].

Core Insights - In August, international oil prices exhibited a "V" shaped trend, with Brent crude oil prices initially dropping below $70 per barrel due to disappointing U.S. non-farm payroll data, followed by a rebound towards the end of the month, closing at approximately $68 per barrel, reflecting a recovery of about 4.6% from the lows [1] - The volatility in high-sulfur fuel oil prices was primarily driven by geopolitical events, particularly the increased frequency of attacks on energy facilities by Ukraine, which significantly reduced Russian crude processing capacity [2] - The supply of low-sulfur fuel oil remained ample, with stable exports from South Sudan and Kuwait, while domestic production saw a slight decline [3] Price Movements - Brent crude oil prices fell to a low of $65 per barrel, marking a nearly 7% decline from the beginning of the month, before rebounding to $68 per barrel by August 25 [1] - High-sulfur fuel oil prices dropped to a low of 2684 yuan per ton, a decrease of nearly 9%, before recovering to above 2900 yuan per ton, reflecting an increase of about 8% [1] - Low-sulfur fuel oil prices also experienced fluctuations, with the main contract closing at 3526 yuan per ton after a decline of 7% from the monthly high [1] Supply Dynamics - Russian crude processing fell to an average of 5.14 million barrels per day, a decrease of over 400,000 barrels compared to the last week of July, due to attacks on refineries [2] - High-sulfur fuel oil exports from Russia remained stable at approximately 1.99 million tons, with a notable decrease in exports to Saudi Arabia [2] - Domestic low-sulfur fuel oil production was approximately 1.019 million tons in July, reflecting a month-on-month decline of 3.8% [3] Demand Trends - Demand for high-sulfur fuel oil for power generation weakened as summer ended, with Egypt canceling about half of its planned high-sulfur fuel oil orders due to decreasing temperatures and increased natural gas usage [4] - In Singapore, July's bunker fuel consumption increased by 14.8% month-on-month, with high-sulfur fuel oil accounting for 40.7% of the total [4] - The overall market for high-sulfur fuel oil showed signs of improvement due to geopolitical influences, with a rebound in the high-sulfur to crude oil crack spread [4]

Report Information - Report Title: Fuel Oil Industry Weekly Report [1] - Report Date: July 13, 2025 [1] - Author: Xu Liang Z0002220 [2] - Reviewer: Tang Yun Z0002422 [2] Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report. Core View - The fuel oil market is characterized by weak supply and demand, combined with cost - side fluctuations. High - sulfur fuel oil is supported by the peak power generation season, but inventory pressure restrains its upward movement. In the short term, it will fluctuate within a range following crude oil [4]. Fundamental Information High - Sulfur Fuel Oil - The peak power generation season in the Middle East and South Asia has begun. Saudi Arabia's high - sulfur imports increased by 430,000 tons month - on - month, and Egypt's monthly imports reached 600,000 tons, boosting high - sulfur demand [3]. - The number of ships with desulfurization towers continues to increase. The proportion of high - sulfur marine fuel bunkering has risen to 39%, and the sales volume of high - sulfur marine fuel in Singapore increased by 8.3% year - on - year [3]. - Singapore's on - land fuel oil inventory increased by 1.328 million barrels (+5.68%) week - on - week, and the inventory in Fujairah increased by 1.308 million barrels (+14.62%), highlighting supply pressure [3]. Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil - Low - sulfur marine fuel faces substitution from high - sulfur fuel and competition from diesel. The low - sulfur bunkering volume in Singapore decreased by 4.7% month - on - month. In the power generation sector, its economic efficiency is lower than that of natural gas [3]. Price and Spread Information Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil | Location | 2025 - 07 - 11 | 2025 - 07 - 10 | 2025 - 07 - 04 | Daily Change | Weekly Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Singapore Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 2 (USD/ton) | 502.32 | 492.11 | 492.08 | 10.21 | 10.24 | | Rotterdam Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 2 (USD/ton) | 467.45 | 458.7 | 457.38 | 8.75 | 10.07 | | US Gulf of Mexico Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 2 (USD/barrel) | 75.88 | 75.39 | 75.67 | 0.49 | 0.67 | | China LU Futures M + 3 (CNY/ton) | 3640 | 3678 | 3636 | - 38 | 4 | | LU Futures M + 3 - Singapore Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 2 (USD/ton) | 5.2517 | 20.1177 | 15.5002 | - 14.866 | - 10.2485 | | Singapore - Rotterdam Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 1 (USD/ton) | 31.97 | 30.2 | 32.7 | 1.77 | - 0.73 | | Singapore Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil VS Brent M + 2 Crack | 10.63 | 10.58 | 11.03 | 0.05 | - 0.4 | | Rotterdam Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil VS Brent M + 2 Crack | 5.43 | 5.42 | 5.93 | 0.01 | - 0.5 | | US Gulf of Mexico Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil VS Brent M + 2 Crack | 7.88 | 7.87 | 8.51 | 0.01 | - 0.63 | | Singapore Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil Monthly Spread | 4.6 | 4.79 | 6.4 | - 0.19 | - 1.8 | | Rotterdam Low - Sulfur Monthly Spread | 7.5 | 8 | 8.19 | - 0.5 | - 0.69 | | US Gulf of Mexico Low - Sulfur Monthly Spread | 1.9685 | 4.826 | 4.5085 | - 2.8575 | - 2.54 | | LuM + 3 - M + 4 Monthly Spread (USD) | 4.0454 | 4.181 | 3.0703 | - 0.1356 | 0.9751 | | Singapore High - Low Sulfur Spread M + 2 | 85.07 | 85.09 | 81.24 | - 0.02 | 3.83 | [5] High - Sulfur Fuel Oil | Location | 2025 - 07 - 14 | 2025 - 07 - 11 | 2025 - 07 - 07 | Change | Weekly Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Singapore High - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 1 (USD/ton) | 418.73 | 418.88 | 424.82 | - 0.15 | - 6.09 | | Rotterdam High - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 1 (USD/ton) | 421.88 | 422.34 | 419.32 | - 0.46 | 2.56 | | US Gulf of Mexico High - Sulfur Fuel Oil M + 1 (USD/barrel) | 63.34 | 63.45 | 62.89 | - 0.11 | 0.45 | | China FU Futures M + 1 Price (CNY/ton) | 2907 | 2873 | 2906 | 34 | 1 | | Singapore High - Sulfur Fuel Oil Monthly Spread | 1.65 | 3.87 | 3.88 | - 2.22 | - 2.23 | | Rotterdam High - Sulfur Fuel Oil Monthly Spread | 9.61 | 10.37 | 8.63 | - 0.76 | 0.98 | | US Gulf of Mexico High - Sulfur Fuel Oil Monthly Spread | 8.9535 | 9.906 | 8.3185 | - 0.9525 | 0.635 | | FU Monthly Spread (USD/ton) | - 4.8823 | - 4.3203 | - 4.6055 | - 0.562 | - 0.2768 | | Singapore High - Low Sulfur Spread M + 1 | 87.78 | 88.04 | 80.48 | - 0.26 | 7.3 | | Rotterdam High - Low Sulfur Spread M + 1 | 54.61 | 54.67 | 58.74 | - 0.06 | - 4.13 | | US Gulf of Mexico High - Low Sulfur Spread M + 1 | 77.7875 | 84.1375 | 91.7575 | - 6.35 | - 13.97 | | China High - Sulfur M + 2 - Singapore High - Sulfur M + 1 | - 13.3804 | - 2.3882 | - 10.1768 | - 10.9922 | - 3.2036 | | Singapore High - Sulfur Fuel Oil VS Brent M + 1 Crack (USD/barrel) | - 2.97 | - 2.18 | - 1.54 | - 0.79 | - 1.43 | [26][28]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - There is no information about the industry investment rating in the report. 2. Core View - The fuel oil market rebounded during the daytime session following the crude oil, and short - term fluctuations will continue. Low - sulfur fuel oil had a significant rebound, and the spread between high - and low - sulfur in the overseas spot market temporarily narrowed [1]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalog 3.1 Fundamental Tracking - **Futures Prices**: FU2507 closed at 2,913 yuan/ton with a 0.34% daily increase, and its settlement price decreased by 0.10% to 2,935 yuan/ton. FU2508 closed at 2,876 yuan/ton with a 0.10% daily decrease, and its settlement price increased by 0.84% to 2,894 yuan/ton. LU2507 closed at 3,509 yuan/ton with a 2.36% daily increase, and its settlement price increased by 1.79% to 3,520 yuan/ton. LU2508 closed at 3,466 yuan/ton with a 1.79% daily increase, and its settlement price increased by 2.32% to 3,479 yuan/ton [1]. - **Trading Volume and Open Interest**: The trading volume of FU2507 was 368,632 lots, a decrease of 332,289 lots, and the open interest was 110,684 lots, a decrease of 2,358 lots. The trading volume of FU2508 was 30,552 lots, a decrease of 11,095 lots, and the open interest was 16,917 lots, a decrease of 326 lots. The trading volume of LU2507 was 30,081 lots, a decrease of 35,907 lots, and the open interest was 16,522 lots, a decrease of 5,265 lots. The trading volume of LU2508 was 80,293 lots, a decrease of 24,065 lots, and the open interest was 63,811 lots, an increase of 6,791 lots [1]. - **Warehouse Receipts**: The total market warehouse receipts of fuel oil (FU) were 28,950 lots with no change, and the warehouse receipts of low - sulfur fuel oil (LU) were 25,000 lots, a decrease of 2,000 lots [1]. - **Spot Prices**: In Singapore, the MOPS price of high - sulfur (3.5%S) was 423.2 dollars/ton with a 1.96% daily increase, and the low - sulfur (0.5%S) was 486.3 dollars/ton with a 0.43% daily increase. The Bunker price of high - sulfur in Singapore was 425.0 dollars/ton with a 0.71% daily increase, and the low - sulfur was 500.0 dollars/ton with a 0.40% daily increase. Similar price changes were observed in other regions [1]. - **Spreads**: The FU07 - 08 spread was 37 yuan/ton, and the settlement spread was 41 yuan/ton, with a difference of 4 yuan/ton. The LU07 - 08 spread was 43 yuan/ton, and the settlement spread was 41 yuan/ton, with a difference of - 2 yuan/ton. The LU07 - FU07 spread was 596 yuan/ton. The spread between FU2507 and Singapore MOPS (3.5%S) was - 129.9 yuan/ton, a decrease of 48.6 yuan/ton compared to the previous day. The spread between LU2507 and Singapore MOPS (0.5%S) was 13.1 yuan/ton, an increase of 65.9 yuan/ton compared to the previous day. The spread between Singapore MOPS (0.5%S - 3.5%S) was 63.0 dollars/ton, a decrease of 6.1 dollars/ton compared to the previous day [1]. 3.2 Trend Intensity - The trend intensity of fuel oil is 0, and the trend intensity of low - sulfur fuel oil is also 0. The trend intensity ranges from - 2 to 2, where - 2 indicates the most bearish and 2 indicates the most bullish [1].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - **Weekly Review**: Global fuel oil prices rebounded slightly this week but declined near the weekend. Cracks and spreads continued to strengthen, and the strength of low-sulfur fuel oil has significantly weakened [4]. - **Weekly Outlook**: Fuel oil prices continued to rebound at the beginning of the week but were interrupted by the decline in crude oil prices near the weekend. Crude oil is the core factor dragging down fuel oil valuation. OPEC's production increase, the decline in overseas demand due to the trade war, and the latest Iran nuclear issue negotiation are the core concerns of the market. In the short term, the volatility of crude oil prices is expected to continue, affecting the price fluctuations of fuel oil. However, from the perspective of fuel oil's own spreads, the high cracks and strengthening spreads indicate that the market still has confidence in the current peak demand season. Therefore, the short-term valuations of high-sulfur and low-sulfur fuel oil still have support. In the future, supply-side changes will be the key to guiding the market after the peak season expectations have been fully priced in. For high-sulfur fuel oil, the supply in the Middle East is still recovering, but some Russian refineries are still under maintenance, and there is a bottleneck in short-term supply increase. In the current peak demand season, the shortage of Russian supply may be the potential factor driving the continuous increase in the spot cracks of high-sulfur fuel oil in the overseas market. For low-sulfur fuel oil, the overseas market has some support for the valuation due to the reduction of European supplies and the peak season of marine fuel demand. However, for the domestic market, as the large-scale maintenance of state-owned refineries is coming to an end, the significant increase in low-sulfur spot supply against the background of high port spot inventories will have a negative impact on LU. Attention should be paid to the potential decline in LU cracks and spreads [4]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Supply - **Refinery Operation**: The document presents the capacity utilization rates of Chinese refineries, independent refineries, and major refineries from 2016 - 2025 [6]. - **Global Refinery Maintenance**: It shows the maintenance volumes of global CDU, hydrocracking, FCC, and coking units from 2018 - 2025 [9][11][13][14]. - **Domestic Refinery Fuel Oil Production and Commercial Volume**: The monthly production of fuel oil in China from 2018 - 2025, the monthly production of low-sulfur fuel oil in Chinese refineries from 2021 - 2025, and the monthly commercial volume of fuel oil in China from 2021 - 2024 are presented [19]. 3.2 Demand - **Domestic and Overseas Fuel Oil Demand Data**: The monthly sales volume of fuel oil for ship supply in Singapore from 2018 - 2025, the monthly apparent consumption of fuel oil in China from 2018 - 2025, and the monthly actual consumption of marine fuel oil in China from 2020 - 2025 are shown [22]. 3.3 Inventory - **Global Fuel Oil Spot Inventory**: The document presents the inventory data of heavy oil in Singapore, fuel oil in European ARA, heavy distillates in Fujairah, and residual fuel oil in the US from 2018 - 2025 [25][27][28]. 3.4 Price and Spreads - **Asia-Pacific Regional Spot FOB Prices**: It shows the FOB prices of 3.5% and 0.5% fuel oil in Fujeirah, Singapore, and other regions from 2018 - 2025 [33][34][35]. - **European Regional Spot FOB Prices**: The FOB prices of 3.5% and 1% fuel oil in Northwest Europe, the Mediterranean, and other regions from 2018 - 2025 are presented [42][38][40]. - **Paper and Derivative Prices**: The prices of high-sulfur and low-sulfur swaps in Northwest Europe and Singapore, as well as the prices of FU and LU contracts from 2021 - 2025 are shown [45][46][47]. - **Fuel Oil Spot Spreads**: The high-low sulfur spread and viscosity spread in Singapore from 2019 - 2025 are presented [52][53]. - **Global Fuel Oil Crack Spreads**: The crack spreads of high-sulfur and low-sulfur fuel oil in Singapore and Northwest Europe from 2019 - 2025 are shown [56][58][59]. - **Global Fuel Oil Paper Month Spreads**: The month spreads of high-sulfur and low-sulfur fuel oil in Singapore and Northwest Europe from 2022 - 2025 are presented [62][63][64]. 3.5 Imports and Exports - **Domestic Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: The monthly import and export volumes of fuel oil (excluding biodiesel) in China from 2018 - 2025 are presented [69][71]. - **Global High-Sulfur Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: The weekly changes in the import and export volumes of global high-sulfur fuel oil in different regions are shown [74]. - **Global Low-Sulfur Fuel Oil Import and Export Data**: The weekly changes in the import and export volumes of global low-sulfur fuel oil in different regions are presented [76].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core Viewpoints - The fuel oil still follows the fluctuations of crude oil. Due to sanctions on Russia and Iran, heavy - oil resources are in short supply, and the recovery of power - generation demand in South Asia during summer supports the crack spread. Given the strength of the high - sulfur market structure in Singapore and the price difference between the domestic and foreign markets, the domestic fuel oil price may have some room for repair, but short - term crude oil fluctuations need to be closely monitored. If the crude oil rebound ends, the fuel oil may continue to weaken [11][12] 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Industry Chain Situation 3.1.1 Crude Oil Market Latest Dynamics - Supply side: OPEC+ agreed to increase crude oil supply by 411,000 barrels per day starting from May, which theoretically exerts downward pressure on crude oil prices. However, the market believes this increase is mainly to improve member compliance with the production - cut agreement, so the impact is limited. An explosion in Iran disrupted port operations and reduced the shipping efficiency of the Strait of Hormuz by 25%, causing international oil prices to rise by 3.2% - 3.8% in a single day, supporting fuel oil prices [3] - Demand side: The IEA's report shows that in 2024, the global oil demand growth was only 0.8%, and its share in global energy demand fell below 30% for the first time, with a significant slowdown in growth. Recently, as the economy recovers, the energy demand of industries such as logistics has increased, supporting crude oil prices [3] 3.1.2 Fuel Oil Market Performance - **Spot price**: On April 28, the benchmark price of fuel oil was 5,475 yuan per ton, down from last week. The benchmark price of fuel oil 380CST was 452 US dollars per ton, a 10.32% decrease from the beginning of the month [4] - **Supply, demand and inventory**: In Singapore, fuel oil inventory rose by 1.239 million barrels to 24.126 million barrels, an 18 - week high, with a 5.4% month - on - month increase. The average on - land fuel oil inventory in April was about 22.55 million barrels per week, higher than the average of 18.68 million barrels per week in March. In the ARA region, fuel oil inventory decreased by 2.4% to 1.16 million tons [5][6] 3.2 Disk Situation - The fuel oil showed a volatile trend this week. The main contract closed at 2,991 yuan per ton, with a weekly decline of 1.22%. The highest price was 3,008 yuan per ton, and the lowest was 2,967 yuan per ton. The position decreased by 13,077 lots from April 21 to April 25 [10]