股债跷跷板依然是主逻辑，国债震荡偏空 摘 要： 中国 7 月官方制造业 PMI 为 49.3，前值为 49.7，官方非制造 业 PMI 为 50.1，前值为 50.5，虽然综合 PMI 依然保持在 50.2，但 是 7 月经济景气度有所下滑，逆周期调节需要持续加码。近期，一 批重大外资项目又有新的进展。国家发展改革委近日表示，下一步， 将适时推出新一批重大外资项目，研究出台新版《鼓励外商投资产 业目录》，形成更大力度吸引和利用外资工作合力。反内卷与保持 经济平稳复苏，是下半年工作主题。由于雅江水电站等基建项目开 工，市场对下半年财政、基建进一步发力预期增加。由于 7 月 PMI 不及预期，流动性宽松是近期债市的亮点，对前期债市的反弹有所 助力，但是股债跷跷板依然从大方向上主导债市的走势。 8 月 7 日，海关总署发布数据显示，按美元计价，2025 年 7 月， 我国进出口总额 5453.2 亿美元，同比增速为 5.9%，其中，出口 3217.8 亿美元，同比增长 7.2%，进口 2235.40 亿美元，同比增长 4.1%，贸易顺差 982.5 亿美元。进出口增速均延续稳步提升态势。 近期公布的通胀数据也同样显 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for both the banking and securities sectors [7] Core Views - The report emphasizes proactive policies aimed at deepening investment and financing reforms, with a GDP growth target of 5% for 2025, consistent with 2024 expectations [1][2] - The fiscal deficit rate is set at a historical high of 4%, which is expected to support bank expansion and improve valuation expectations [3] - The report highlights the importance of structural monetary policy tools to promote healthy development in the real estate and stock markets, with a focus on technology innovation and green development [2][5] Summary by Sections Policy and Economic Outlook - The government work report indicates a stable economic growth target of 5% for 2025, with a fiscal deficit rate of 4%, the highest since 2008 [1][3] - Emphasis on timely policy implementation to enhance effectiveness and address uncertainties [2] Banking Sector Insights - The report suggests that the high fiscal deficit will support bank capital expansion, with plans to issue special government bonds worth 500 billion yuan to bolster large state-owned commercial banks [3] - Recommended banking stocks include China Merchants Bank, Chengdu Bank, Suzhou Bank, Shanghai Bank, and others, with target prices reflecting potential upside [10][15] Securities Sector Insights - The report recommends securities firms like China Galaxy and CITIC Securities, citing active market trading and ongoing M&A expectations as catalysts for growth [1][10] - The A-share market remains active, with average daily trading volumes exceeding 1.5 trillion yuan, indicating strong investor confidence [5] Risk Management and Financial Stability - The report outlines measures to stabilize the real estate market and manage risks in key sectors, including support for small and medium-sized financial institutions [4] - It emphasizes the need for ongoing reforms to enhance the resilience of the financial system and mitigate potential risks [4][5]