仔细看一下他频繁出现的这些地区，你会发现其中有一个令人吃惊的相似之处，甚至可以说，这背后隐 藏着一个令人不寒而栗的真相！刚果以其丰富的稀有矿产著称；巴基斯坦也是一个矿产资源大国；加沙 地区连接着全球石油供应的生命线；至于委内瑞拉，刚刚被发现拥有超级巨大的油田，美国随即就祭出 了制裁的大棒。 阅世如阅卷，下笔有锦书在这里，听见中国走向世界的号角。大家好，欢迎收看本期的锦书时评。今天 我们聊聊那个总是言辞锋利、风头一时无两的特朗普。你是否注意到，最近他在国际舞台上的活跃度极 高，而且所涉足的领域非常广泛？他时常出现在不同的地方——一会儿到刚果一探究竟，一会儿又跳出 来介入印巴冲突，转瞬间又开始对加沙局势指指点点，甚至不放过委内瑞拉，准备对其实施制裁。 这哪里是巧合呢？这无疑是一场精确至极的资源争夺战！ 很多人可能会觉得，现如今的国际局势顶多就是些口水战，没什么大不了的。但如果你这样想，那你就 大错特错了！目前所看到的表面平静，其实只是表象，真正的较量早已悄然进行。 这场较量的核心，绝不仅仅是我们日常新闻中提到的那些地缘政治问题，也不是各国间航母的比拼。真 正的战场，正是现代国际秩序的根基——美元霸权体系，它是否还 ...

哈喽，大家好！今天的国际评论，我们来聊聊特朗普重返拉美背后的资源争夺。最近南美各国政治方向 发生了明显变化，尤其是智利大选，成为了中美两国在资源领域博弈的重要战场。随着阿根廷的米莱上 台推行右翼政策，玻利维亚的右翼势力也崛起，智利大选将成为决定未来局势的关键。特朗普的目标似 乎十分明确，那就是南美丰富的矿产资源。我们需要警惕的是，这场选举结果可能会使中国企业陷入困 境。 智利的锂矿储量占全球近40%，对全球新能源产业至关重要。掌控智利的锂矿，就意味着在新能源产业 链中占据了举足轻重的地位。特朗普推动拉美右转的核心目的之一，正是为了实现这一目标。 南美右倾是偶然还是必然？很多人可能认为，拉美国家这次大规模右转是民众心态突变，但背后实际上 有特朗普精准的时机把控。拉美拥有全球最为重要的锂、铜等矿产资源，这些资源是全球新能源和制造 业产业链的关键。此前，左翼政府推行的资源国有化政策以及外资管制，限制了美国资本对当地资源的 掠夺，而美国一直把拉美视为自己后院，资源的控制对他们至关重要。 现在，阿根廷的米莱和玻利维亚的右翼势力相继掌权，他们主张新自由主义政策，推崇私有化和放松外 资管制。这与特朗普提出的重塑西半球资源秩 ...

（文章来源：央视新闻） 哥伦比亚总统佩特罗：委内瑞拉有着世界上最大的，或者说是最大之一的石油储量，主要是重油。他们 （美国）想要以极低的代价夺取石油，因为种种迹象都表明了这一点。特朗普并没有就毒品问题与（委 内瑞拉总统）马杜罗谈判，因为他不傻，你只需要看看数据就知道了，只有4%的哥伦比亚的毒品产 量，主要是可卡因经过委内瑞拉运输，这只是极少的一部分，绝大多数都是经过太平洋运输。所以这是 关于石油的谈判，我认为这就是特朗普的逻辑，他考虑的不是委内瑞拉的民主化，更不是什么毒品贩 运。 当地时间11月25日，哥伦比亚总统佩特罗在接受采访时表示，美国对委内瑞拉的施压行动既不是为了打 击毒品贩运，也不是为了所谓的民主，实际上是为了夺取委内瑞拉的石油资源。 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes that the competition for critical minerals has evolved from traditional trade to a strategic battle over rules and regulations, with significant implications for national development rights [1][3]. - Critical minerals, such as lithium, cobalt, and rare earths, are essential for the digital age and are compared to "oil of the 21st century," highlighting their strategic value in the new energy era [3]. - China's comprehensive industrial chain in critical minerals, developed through years of technological accumulation and market expansion, contrasts with the G7's approach of forming exclusive alliances [3][6]. Group 2 - The G7's initiative to form a minerals alliance reflects a pragmatic attitude towards international rules, which may undermine market order and create a dual standard in global trade [5][6]. - China's advantage in the critical minerals sector is attributed to continuous innovation in extraction technology and environmental processes, rather than trade protectionism [6][8]. - The establishment of a global supply chain network by Chinese companies, from cobalt mines in the Democratic Republic of Congo to nickel mines in Indonesia, showcases a stark contrast to the G7's closed alliance model [8]. Group 3 - The potential negative impacts of the G7's minerals alliance include increased costs for global clean energy, disruption of existing supply chains, and risks of fragmentation in the international trade system [10]. - China's commitment to open cooperation in the face of geopolitical competition is underscored by its focus on maintaining legitimate rights while promoting collaborative efforts for mutual benefit [10][12]. - The future competition in the critical minerals sector will hinge on the ability to build inclusive and equitable global industrial chains, rather than forming exclusive clubs [12].

Core Insights - China's recent announcement of new export controls on rare earth elements has significant implications for the global high-tech supply chain, highlighting a strategic shift in resource management and national security concerns [1][17] Group 1: China's Export Controls - On October 9, China's Ministry of Commerce issued new regulations expanding export restrictions to 12 rare earth elements, including holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, which are critical for high-tech applications such as satellites, missiles, and semiconductors [3][4] - The new regulations indicate that products containing over 0.1% of Chinese rare earth components or utilizing related technologies may also face restrictions, extending China's influence from raw materials to finished products and technologies [4][6] Group 2: Motivations Behind the Controls - The primary motivations for China's export controls include preventing rare earth smuggling and responding to the U.S.'s long-standing technology embargo against China, aiming to assert dominance in global rule-making [6][7] - China seeks to transition its rare earth industry towards high-end products, indicating a technological upgrade battle rather than merely an economic sanction [7] Group 3: Russia's Response - In response to China's actions, Russia plans to invest 700 billion rubles to establish a fully autonomous rare earth industry by 2030, recognizing the strategic importance of rare earths amid geopolitical tensions [8][10] - Russia's Federal Security Council Secretary has emphasized that rare earths have become a national security issue, necessitating the establishment of an independent supply chain [9][10] Group 4: Challenges for Russia - Despite its ambitions, Russia faces significant challenges in building a rare earth industry, including a 20-year lag behind China in separation and processing efficiency, with current recovery rates for high-value rare earths below 15% [12][14] - The ongoing Ukraine conflict and reliance on imported equipment complicate Russia's ability to develop its rare earth capabilities, raising questions about the sustainability of its investment plans [14][15] Group 5: Broader Implications - The competition for rare earths is not merely a trade dispute but a broader technological and strategic battle for control over future supply chains, with the potential for significant shifts in global power dynamics [17]

Group 1 - The U.S. Department of Commerce announced a 93.5% anti-dumping tax on Chinese exports of anode-grade graphite, citing unfair subsidies as the reason for the tax [1][3] - China is the largest producer of graphite globally, with northeastern and Shandong regions accounting for over 60% of the international market, primarily used in lithium batteries and electric arc furnace steel production [3] - The sudden increase in tax rates poses challenges for U.S. companies that rely on Chinese suppliers for battery materials, potentially leading to higher costs for end consumers [3][4] Group 2 - U.S. domestic graphite reserves rank among the top three globally, but extraction costs are twice as high as those in China, which may lead to cost savings for U.S. companies while increasing prices for consumers [3] - Chinese exporters are urgently seeking alternative suppliers from Russia and Mongolia, although these options come with risks related to transportation and quality [3] - Legal experts suggest that China could apply for a review under WTO rules, but the process could take at least a year and a half, during which companies may need to raise prices or explore third-country markets [3] Group 3 - Several graphite manufacturers in Shandong are discussing strategies, including relocating production to Malaysia or applying for separate tax rates, although these options involve high costs and stricter environmental regulations in Southeast Asia [3] - Some companies are considering developing higher value-added graphene products to avoid low-end competition [3] - The situation may indirectly affect consumers, as the cost of raw materials for electric vehicle batteries could rise, potentially impacting new car prices [4]

Core Insights - The recent occupation of a lithium mine by Russian forces near Shevchenkove village in the Donetsk region has resulted in Ukraine losing control over a critical strategic resource, disrupting the economic cooperation framework between the U.S. and Ukraine [1][3] - The lithium mine, although small in size (approximately 100 acres), is considered one of Ukraine's most valuable mineral deposits, essential for battery manufacturing and advanced technologies [3] - The U.S. previously signed agreements with Ukraine to prioritize the development of its lithium resources, aiming to strengthen its influence in the global mineral supply chain [3] Economic and Strategic Implications - The loss of control over the lithium mine poses significant risks to Ukraine's economic recovery and strategic autonomy, as control over mineral resources is directly linked to economic power [3][5] - Ukrainian officials have expressed the need for increased military support from the U.S. to effectively counter Russian advances and maintain control over strategic resources [3][5] - The U.S. has shown reluctance to link mineral development transactions with additional military aid, indicating a cautious approach to military involvement in Ukraine [3][5][8] Geopolitical Context - The seizure of the lithium mine by Russian forces highlights the ongoing resource competition and geopolitical tensions, with lithium becoming a cornerstone for future energy and high-tech industries [5][7] - The situation reflects a broader trend where resource control is intertwined with national security, emphasizing that economic cooperation cannot be isolated from security considerations [7][8] - The ongoing conflict over the lithium mine is expected to intensify, becoming a focal point in the geopolitical rivalry between major powers [7][8] Future Outlook - The interplay between resource control and military support will continue to shape the dynamics of U.S.-Ukraine cooperation, with the potential for significant implications on regional stability and global supply chains [7][8] - The challenges faced by Ukraine in balancing economic interests with military realities underscore the complexities of modern geopolitical strategies [8]