锌产业链周度报告 国泰君安期货研究所 有色及贵金属组 季先飞 （首席分析师/联席行政负责人） 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0012691 王宗源（联系人） 期货从业资格号：F03142619 日期：2025年11月23日 Guotai Junan Futures all rights reserved, please do not reprint Special report on Guotai Junan Futures 锌：供需相对平衡，价格短期震荡 强弱分析：中性 国内库存小幅去化 镀锌开工回落 Special report on Guotai Junan Futures 第 2 页 资料来源：SMM、钢联、同花顺、Bloomberg、国泰君安期货研究所 ◆ 国内供应端减量。当下进口锌精矿亏损仍然较大，叠加年底北方矿山停产，后续国产 矿供应形势偏紧，国产矿TC预计进一步下调。原料供应紧缺背景下，已经有炼厂计划 减产来缓解压力；从最新排产数据来看，云南、江西等地炼厂常规年度检修，新疆地 区投产项目平稳生产，增减相抵后本月供应环比或小幅减量。 ◆ 消费端淡季深化。镀锌方面，市场需求逐步走弱，开工率低位，终端订单基 ...

Report Summary 1. Industry Investment Rating No investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - In Q4 2025, the TC of zinc ore continued to decline, strengthening the expectation of domestic smelter production cuts. The opening of the zinc ingot export window reduced the pressure of domestic zinc ingot inventory accumulation. The high spread between the domestic and overseas markets attracted attention, with domestic smelters and traders actively seeking exports. The LME zinc has limited room for further significant upside. - There is a need for profit - taking of cross - market long - spread funds, while the participation enthusiasm of cross - market short - spread funds is currently limited. It is a good opportunity to enter cross - market short - spread trades as the inventory difference between domestic and overseas markets has shown signs of convergence, and the fundamentals no longer support the further expansion of the spread. The spread is expected to converge to the range of 1,000 - 1,500 yuan/ton. - The high - low rotation of funds has spread from the stock market to the futures market, and a rebound of oversold varieties can be expected. In Q4, Shanghai zinc is not recommended as a short - allocation. The rebound height is temporarily seen at the annual line of 23,200 yuan/ton. It is unlikely to rebound to the high - level range of 24,200 yuan/ton at the beginning of the year unless the domestic deflation expectation is broken and overseas consumption exceeds expectations. - The price range of Shanghai zinc in Q4 is expected to be 22,200 - 23,200 yuan/ton, and the price range of LME zinc is 2,900 - 3,100 US dollars/ton. [73][74] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Zinc Price History and Current Situation - Historically, factors such as the European debt crisis, US QE policies, mine shortages, and changes in TC have affected zinc prices. In 2025, the zinc market has complex supply - demand and price relationships. The LME zinc inventory is 35,300 tons, SMM zinc inventory is 159,600 tons, and the smelter raw material inventory is 26 days. The LME 0 - 3 month premium is 117.04 US dollars. [5][21] - In 2025, from January to July, China's zinc ingot production was 3.8425 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 4.65%. From January to September, the output was 5.0685 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 8.83%. However, some overseas refineries have reduced production due to factors such as low TC and profit problems. In H1 2025, the overall output of major overseas refineries decreased by 89,900 tons year - on - year, a decline of 4.34%. [28][29][39] 3.2 Market Factors - **Supply - side factors**: New domestic mines such as Huoshaoyun, Russia's OZ mine, and Congo's Kipushi lead - zinc mine have been put into production, effectively alleviating the raw material constraints on domestic refineries. However, overseas refineries' profit recovery will lead to competition for mines between overseas and domestic refineries. [30][41] - **Demand - side factors**: The real estate market has shown signs of weakness, with a decline in real estate investment and a mixed situation in housing sales. The photovoltaic industry has passed the high - growth stage, and the growth rate of new installed capacity has slowed down. However, the export of galvanized sheets has increased, with the cumulative export of 10 - tariff - number galvanized sheets from January to September 2025 reaching 10.42 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 9.61%. [62][64][58] - **Policy factors**: The import and export tariffs of zinc products have been adjusted. For example, the export tariff of 0 zinc is 20%, but the provisional tariff in 2025 is 0%. The export of zinc ingots is subject to a 13% VAT, and the export tax rebate has been cancelled since 2008. [34][35] 3.3 Trading Strategies - **Cross - market arbitrage**: Cross - market short - spread is recommended as the inventory difference between domestic and overseas markets is converging, and the fundamentals no longer support the further expansion of the spread. - **Unilateral trading**: For LME zinc, beware of sudden warehouse deliveries due to low inventory. The upside space above the 3,100 - dollar integer mark is limited, so short - allocation on rallies is recommended. For Shanghai zinc, it is expected to fluctuate at a low level. In Q4, short - allocation is not recommended. Look for short - allocation opportunities above 23,000 yuan/ton or short - term long positions on pullbacks. - **Inter - period trading**: Due to the weak current situation and unclear prospects for expectation repair, the inter - period spread is difficult to widen, maintaining a normal positive market structure, and there are no inter - period arbitrage opportunities. [74][75]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - After major macro - events are settled, the market shifts to fundamentals. In November, both supply and demand are weak. The reduction in processing fees strengthens cost support. The decline in refined zinc output and zinc ingot exports alleviate the high - supply pressure. Although demand is marginally weakening, it still has resilience. The pattern of low inventory and strong structure of LME zinc is difficult to reverse in the short term, which will continuously support the zinc market. It is expected that the center of zinc prices will move up in November [3][70]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Zinc Market Review - In October, the main contract of SHFE zinc generally continued to oscillate in a low - level range. Macro and micro factors were intertwined. With the settlement of major macro - events at the end of the month, market sentiment improved, driving up risky assets such as non - ferrous metals. The contradiction in the fundamentals focused on the change of zinc ingot exports. The SHFE - LME ratio dropped to an extreme value, strengthening the expectation of zinc ingot exports, but the export efficiency was low, making the SHFE zinc trend stalemate. By the end of the month, the futures price closed at 22,355 yuan/ton, with a monthly increase of 2.43%. - LME zinc's oscillation center continued to move up. In the middle of the month, it was suppressed by the rebound of the US dollar. After a phased adjustment, it found support near the 40 - day moving average. At the end of the month, the risk of short - squeeze overseas intensified, and the LME 0 - 3 spot premium refreshed the high since 1997. LME zinc turned strong again, breaking through $3,000/ton and finally closing at $3,050/ton, with a monthly increase of 3.16% [8]. 3.2 Macro - aspect 3.2.1 US Aspect - The US economic growth rate declined. In October, the ISM manufacturing PMI index was 48.7, lower than the expected 49.5. The employment market was weak, and inflation data was lower than expected. - The Fed cut interest rates by 25BP in October, in line with expectations, and announced to stop balance - sheet reduction on December 1st. But Powell's post - meeting statement was hawkish, and the market significantly lowered the expectation of continuous interest - rate cuts in December. - At the end of October, the meeting between the Chinese and US presidents led to a phased agreement, which eased the trade situation and was beneficial to market risk appetite. However, the US government shutdown, data delays, and the hawkish attitude towards interest - rate cuts put pressure on risky assets [11][12]. 3.2.2 Eurozone Aspect - The Eurozone economy recovered, but the sustainability of the recovery was to be observed. In October, the manufacturing PMI was 50.0. The GDP growth rate rebounded quarter - on - quarter but slowed year - on - year. The employment market was stable, and inflation declined slightly. - The ECB maintained key interest rates unchanged for the third consecutive time in October and emphasized a data - dependent policy path. The economic recovery and inflation differences among countries increased the policy divergence within the ECB, and it was expected to be more cautious than the Fed [13]. 3.2.3 Domestic Aspect - The domestic economic downward pressure increased. The GDP growth rate in the third quarter slowed down, and economic data in September was further differentiated. The export and production sectors were strong, while consumption and investment were weak. - The Fourth Plenary Session of the Central Committee and the release of the "15th Five - Year Plan" construction opinions injected long - term confidence into the market. Although the economic recovery slowed down, the probability of achieving the annual GDP growth target was high, and mild policies were still expected [14][15]. 3.3 Zinc Fundamental Analysis 3.3.1 Zinc Ore Supply Situation - **Global Zinc Concentrate Supply Recovery**: From January to August 2025, the cumulative output of global zinc concentrates was 8.297 million tons, with a cumulative year - on - year increase of 6.5%. Overseas zinc mines maintained stable production, and it was expected that the overseas zinc concentrate increment would be about 550,000 tons for the whole year. In China, the zinc concentrate output in September was 314,500 tons, with a month - on - month decrease of 8.8% and a year - on - year decrease of 10%. It was expected to continue to decline in November [23][26]. - **Adjustment of Domestic and Overseas Processing Fees and High - level Zinc Ore Imports**: In November, the average domestic zinc concentrate processing fee was 3,000 yuan/ton, with a month - on - month decrease of 650 yuan/ton. The average import ore processing fee was $105.54/dry ton, with a month - on - month increase of $18.03/dry ton. The import of zinc concentrates remained at a high level, but the growth space was limited [29][30]. 3.3.2 Refined Zinc Supply Situation - **Increased Production Expectation of Overseas Refineries and High - level Domestic Supply**: From January to August 2025, the global refined zinc output was 9.138 million tons, with a cumulative year - on - year increase of 0.03%. Domestic production was stable, and new capacities gradually released output, while overseas refineries contributed to the main reduction. In the fourth quarter, some overseas refineries had the expectation of resuming and increasing production, but the willingness to significantly increase production was still insufficient [33][34]. - **High - level Monthly Output of Refined Zinc from January to November and Increased Expectation of Zinc Ingot Exports**: In October, the refined zinc output was 617,200 tons, with a month - on - month increase of 2.85% and a year - on - year increase of 21.45%. It was expected to decrease by 0.94% to 611,400 tons in November. The import of refined zinc was expected to have no increment, while the export window opened intermittently, and the export volume was expected to increase significantly [39][40]. 3.3.3 Refined Zinc Demand Situation - **Marginal Recovery of Terminal Consumption in Europe and the US with Uncertain Sustainability**: From January to August 2025, the global refined zinc consumption was 9.0216 million tons, with a cumulative year - on - year increase of 2%. Overseas consumption increased by 1.35% year - on - year, and domestic consumption increased by 2.78% year - on - year. The supply surplus in the global zinc market expanded [47]. - **Weak Performance of Initial - stage Enterprises'开工率 and Resilience of Galvanized Exports**: In October, the开工率 of initial - stage galvanizing and zinc oxide enterprises was at a relatively low level, and that of die - casting alloy enterprises was at a neutral level. It was expected to decline in November. The export of galvanized sheets in September was 1.2262 million tons, with a month - on - month increase of 11.73% and a year - on - year increase of 2.27%. It was expected to decline in October [52][53][54]. - **Weak Traditional Consumption and Differentiated Emerging Consumption**: In traditional consumption, the infrastructure investment growth rate declined, and the real estate sector continued to be weak. In the automotive sector, production and sales were good. In the white - goods sector, the air - conditioner market faced challenges, and the production plan for November was adjusted downward. In the emerging consumption sector, the decline in the growth rate of photovoltaic installed capacity narrowed, and the wind power sector was expected to have positive growth in the fourth quarter [55][61][62]. 3.3.4 Differentiated Domestic and Overseas Inventories - The LME inventory accelerated to decline since mid - July. In October, the LME 0 - 3 spot premium soared, and the inventory decreased to 35,300 tons by the end of the month. It was expected to stabilize and slightly rebound but remain at a low level. - The domestic social zinc ingot inventory was at a high level in October, reaching 161,500 tons. It was expected to remain high, but if the zinc ingot export efficiency improved, the inventory pressure might be relieved [65]. 3.4 Summary and Outlook - Macro - aspect: The Sino - US phased agreement and the Fed's October interest - rate cut were in line with expectations, but the uncertainty of the December interest - rate cut increased. The domestic economic recovery slowed down, and mild policies were expected. The Fourth Plenary Session and the "15th Five - Year Plan" provided long - term confidence. - Supply - side: Northern mines entered the seasonal production off - season, and the processing fees decreased, strengthening cost support. The refined zinc supply was expected to decrease slightly, and the supply - side pressure was marginally relieved. - Demand - side: Terminal consumption was flat, with pressure on infrastructure and real estate. The automotive sector continued to improve, and the consumption in the photovoltaic and wind - power fields was strong. In November, the consumption entered the off - season transition period, and the initial - stage enterprises'开工率 was expected to decline moderately. - Overall: In November, both supply and demand were weak. The reduction in processing fees and zinc ingot exports alleviated the supply pressure, and the demand had resilience. The low - inventory and strong - structure pattern of LME zinc would support the zinc market, and the zinc price center was expected to move up [70].

Core Viewpoint - The zinc market is facing downward price pressure across the entire supply chain, from mining to smelting, leading to compressed profit margins. This unusual "internal weakness and external strength" market structure is reshaping global zinc trade flows and presenting unprecedented challenges to the domestic zinc industry [1][3]. Supply and Demand Dynamics - Domestic zinc ingot social inventory has surged to 163,100 tons, significantly up from around 100,000 tons earlier this year, indicating a clear supply-demand imbalance with increased supply and weak consumption [2]. - Since August, a rare divergence in domestic and international zinc markets has emerged, characterized by a strong rise in LME zinc prices from approximately $2,700/ton to a peak of $3,004/ton, while domestic zinc prices have fluctuated between 22,000 and 22,500 yuan/ton, showing weakness [2][6]. - The extreme price disparity has caused the Shanghai-LME ratio to drop to 7.4, resulting in import losses exceeding 5,000 yuan/ton, the highest level since 2022 [2][7]. Processing Fees and Market Behavior - There is a notable divergence in processing fees, with imported zinc concentrate processing fees rising while domestic processing fees are declining. As of September 20, domestic processing fees fell to around 3,850 yuan/ton, while imported processing fees rebounded to over $110/ton [8][9]. - The decline in domestic processing fees is attributed to the worsening Shanghai-LME ratio, leading domestic smelters to prefer purchasing domestic ore, tightening its supply and allowing suppliers to increase prices [10]. Production and Consumption Trends - Domestic zinc mine production in August was 370,000 tons, stable month-on-month but up 3% year-on-year, with expectations of slight improvement in September as production normalizes post-summer [12]. - Domestic refined zinc production reached a record high of 620,000 tons in August, with a year-on-year growth rate of 28%, indicating a recovery from previous lows [14][15]. - Zinc consumption remains weak, with actual consumption in August at 590,000 tons, down 2% month-on-month and 5% year-on-year, reflecting a seasonal downturn [18]. Economic Indicators and Market Outlook - Macro-economic data supports the view of weak zinc consumption, with significant declines in infrastructure and real estate investments, which are closely linked to zinc demand [19]. - Domestic zinc ingot inventory has increased significantly, reaching 160,000 tons by September 20, with projections suggesting it could rise to around 250,000 tons by year-end [20]. - In contrast, LME zinc ingot inventory continues to decline, recently dropping below 50,000 tons, which may prevent significant price drops in the near term [21]. Future Market Predictions - The overall zinc market fundamentals appear weak due to increased supply and weak consumption, yet the market has not shown a significant downward trend due to macroeconomic support and the ongoing decline in LME inventories [23][24]. - Short-term predictions indicate that while global economic conditions may support metal prices, domestic supply remains ample, limiting the potential for significant price increases in the domestic market [25].

Core Viewpoint - The domestic zinc ingot social inventory has surged to 163,100 tons, significantly increasing from the year's low of around 100,000 tons, indicating a clear imbalance between supply and demand in the domestic zinc market, characterized by a surge in supply and weak consumption [1][14]. Supply and Demand Dynamics - Since August, a rare divergence has emerged in the domestic and international zinc markets, creating an "internal weakness and external strength" scenario, with LME zinc prices rising from approximately $2,700/ton to a peak of $3,004/ton, while domestic zinc prices fluctuated between 22,000 and 22,500 yuan/ton [1][3]. - The extreme divergence in prices has led to a significant drop in the Shanghai-London ratio, reaching a low of 7.4, resulting in import losses exceeding 5,000 yuan/ton, the highest level since 2022 [1][4]. Processing Fees - There has been a notable divergence in processing fees for zinc concentrates, with imported processing fees rising while domestic processing fees have declined. As of September 20, domestic processing fees fell to around 3,850 yuan/ton, while imported processing fees rebounded to over $110/ton [5][6]. - The primary reason for this divergence is the deteriorating Shanghai-London ratio, which has led domestic smelters to prefer purchasing domestic concentrates, tightening supply and reducing processing fees for domestic materials [7]. Production and Consumption - Domestic zinc mine production in August was 370,000 tons, remaining stable month-on-month but up 3% year-on-year. The cumulative production from January to August reached 2.75 million tons, also a 3% increase year-on-year [9]. - Domestic refined zinc production in August reached 620,000 tons, with a year-on-year growth rate of 28%, indicating a recovery from previous lows [10]. - Zinc consumption in August was weak, with actual consumption at 590,000 tons, down 2% month-on-month and 5% year-on-year, reflecting a seasonal downturn [12][13]. Inventory Trends - As of September 20, domestic zinc ingot inventory reached 163,100 tons, an increase of nearly 90,000 tons from the year's low, with expectations that it may reach around 250,000 tons by year-end [14]. - In contrast, LME zinc ingot inventory continues to decline, recently dropping below 50,000 tons, indicating a potential for price pressure if the inventory trend reverses [15]. Market Outlook - The overall zinc market fundamentals appear weak due to increased supply, high processing fees, record domestic smelting output, and weak consumption. However, the market has not shown significant weakness due to macroeconomic support and the ongoing decline in LME inventories [16][17]. - Short-term predictions suggest that the macroeconomic environment, with major economies entering a rate-cutting cycle, may provide support for metal prices, although domestic supply remains ample, limiting the potential for significant price increases [18].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - The Fed restarted the interest - rate cut cycle, which is favorable for risk assets, but the US government shutdown and the resurgence of China - US tariff conflicts have increased macro uncertainties. China's economy faces certain pressures, and new policy - based financial instruments are expected to strengthen economic growth this year, with the possibility of further policy stimulus still existing [3][88]. - The divergence between domestic and foreign zinc processing fees has intensified. The inflection point of domestic ore processing fees has emerged, and there is still room for adjustment as smelters' winter storage demand rises. The continuous decline in the price of by - product sulfuric acid has compressed smelter profit margins, reducing production enthusiasm. Although refined zinc supply will recover in October, the room for further growth is limited. The current Shanghai - London price ratio is near the critical point for zinc ingot exports, and the opening of the export window is expected to relieve the domestic surplus pressure [3][88]. - The peak consumption season is somewhat dull. The start - up rate of primary enterprises has improved month - on - month but is weaker than the same period. They maintain a just - in - time purchasing rhythm and lack the willingness to actively replenish inventories. In the terminal market, infrastructure has a marginal repair demand and may become an important support for demand in the future; the consumption of automobiles and household appliances remains resilient, the performance in the wind and solar sectors is divergent, the export of galvanized sheets faces weakening pressure, and the real estate sector continues to be weak [3][88]. - Overall, there are more overseas macro disturbances, and market sentiment may fluctuate. The macro trend is less clear. Fundamentally, the situation remains strong overseas and weak domestically. The resumption of smelter production has promoted supply recovery, and demand lacks significant highlights, leading to an increase in supply - demand pressure. However, the expectation of zinc ingot exports is strengthening, which will relieve the domestic surplus pressure, while the liquidity risk of LME zinc will also decrease. These two forces will balance each other, and zinc prices are expected to fluctuate weakly [3][90]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Zinc Market Review - In September, the main contract price of SHFE zinc first rose and then declined, seeking support. At the beginning of the month, supported by the Fed's interest - rate cut expectation and the peak consumption season, zinc prices fluctuated strongly. After the Fed cut interest rates, the market sold on the news, and the strong US economic data supported the US dollar, causing zinc prices to fall to 21,825 yuan/ton, with a monthly decline of 1.42%. LME zinc rose first and then fell. In the first half of the month, it broke through $2,900/ton and reached a high of $3,003.5/ton. After the interest - rate cut and hawkish remarks from Powell, it corrected and closed at $2,956.5/ton, with a monthly increase of 5.06% [8]. 3.2 Macroeconomic Analysis 3.2.1 US Situation - The US economy is cooling but remains resilient. The Q2 real GDP grew by 2.08% year - on - year and 3.8% quarter - on - quarter. In August, retail sales increased by 4.8% year - on - year and 0.6% month - on - month. In September, the ISM manufacturing PMI was 49.1, but new orders declined. The non - manufacturing PMI was 50, with business activity falling below the boom - bust line. The ADP employment data in September decreased by 32,000, and inflation continued to rise slowly. In September, the Fed cut interest rates by 25bp to 4.0 - 4.25% [11][12]. - The US government shut down in late September, and Trump announced additional tariffs on China in October, which increased market uncertainties [13]. 3.2.2 Eurozone Situation - In September, the eurozone's manufacturing PMI fell to 49.5, while the services PMI rose to 51.4. Inflation rose slightly, and the unemployment rate dropped to 6.2% in August. The ECB kept interest rates unchanged in September, and its officials' statements were cautious [14]. 3.2.3 China's Situation - In August, most of China's economic indicators continued to decline. Exports, industrial production, consumption, and investment all showed different degrees of slowdown. The manufacturing PMI in September was 49.8%, and the non - manufacturing PMI fell to 50.0%. The consumption during the National Day holiday was structurally differentiated [16]. - Policy support is expected. The Politburo meeting in September decided to hold the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and new policy - based financial instruments worth 500 billion yuan are expected to boost infrastructure investment [17]. 3.3 Zinc Fundamental Analysis 3.3.1 Zinc Ore Supply - Global zinc concentrate supply has recovered as expected. From January to July 2025, the cumulative output was 7.1994 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 6.02%. Overseas zinc concentrate output is expected to increase by about 550,000 tons this year, and domestic output is expected to increase by about 100,000 tons [30]. - The divergence between domestic and foreign processing fees has intensified. In October, the average domestic processing fee was 3,650 yuan/ton, a month - on - month decrease of 300 yuan/ton, while the average import processing fee was $87.51/dry ton, a month - on - month increase of $16.83/dry ton. In August 2025, 467,300 tons of zinc concentrate were imported, and from January to August, the cumulative import volume was 3.5027 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 43.06% [34][35]. 3.3.2 Refined Zinc Supply - Overseas smelters are operating at low loads, while China contributes to the increase in supply. From January to July 2025, global refined zinc output was 7.911 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 1.15%. Overseas output decreased by 4.7%, while China's output increased by 2.65% [41]. - From January to September 2025, the cumulative output of refined zinc was 5.0691 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 8.85%. In September, the output was 600,100 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 4.2%. It is expected that the output in October will increase by 3.77% to 622,700 tons. In August, 25,600 tons of refined zinc were imported, and from January to August, the cumulative import volume was 235,500 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 11.81%. The import window remains closed, and the export window may open [45][46]. 3.3.3 Refined Zinc Demand - Globally, from January to July 2025, refined zinc consumption was 7.843 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 2.12%. Overseas consumption increased by 1.33%, and domestic consumption increased by 2.96%. The supply surplus in the global zinc market was 72,000 tons, a significant reduction from the previous year [56]. - In the overseas market, the real estate and automotive sectors showed marginal improvement. In the US, new home sales in August reached an annualized rate of 800,000 units, and new car sales in August were 1.4913 million units. In the eurozone, the construction confidence index improved slightly [57]. - In September, the start - up rate of primary processing enterprises showed a slow recovery. In August, 1.0975 million tons of galvanized sheets were exported, and from January to August, the cumulative export volume was 9.2182 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 10.96% [60][62]. - In the traditional infrastructure sector, investment growth has declined, but there is a demand for recovery. In the real estate sector, investment and sales continue to be weak. In the automotive and household appliance sectors, production and sales are resilient. In the emerging consumption sector, the photovoltaic industry is expected to drive zinc consumption growth, and the wind power industry is also developing well [64][72][73]. 3.3.4 Global Visible Inventory - In September, LME zinc inventory continued to decline, reaching 38,200 tons at the end of the month. The LME 0 - 3 spot premium rose and then slightly declined to $55.98/ton. - In September, China's social inventory first increased and then decreased, reaching 141,400 tons at the end of the month. There is a strong expectation of inventory accumulation during the National Day holiday in early October, but inventory is expected to decline again after the holiday [87].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core View of the Report - The zinc market is currently facing a situation where domestic inventory accumulation has slowed down, and zinc prices are oscillating downward. After the macro - impact fades, zinc prices may have further room to fall [1][7]. Summary according to the Table of Contents 1. This Week's Market Review - **Futures Prices**: The Shanghai zinc futures price first oscillated strongly and then gradually weakened, with a significant decline on Friday night. The market was influenced by the Fed's actions and macro - data, and the zinc's weak fundamentals could not support high prices. The Shanghai - London ratio approached 7.5. The outlook is for prices to oscillate and decline [6][7]. - **Spot Prices**: In Tianjin, zinc prices fell to an acceptable level for downstream buyers, who increased point - price pick - ups for pre - National Day stocking. Inventory decreased, and some smelters were reluctant to sell, leading to a slight increase in the trader's delivery premium. In Shanghai, downstream buyers actively purchased at low prices for stocking, but as some completed stocking and the market rebounded, spot trading weakened [8]. - **Inventory and Warehouse Receipts**: The latest LME zinc inventory was 42,775 tons on September 26 and continued to decline this week. The overseas zinc ingot out - storage was due to a bank's inventory from the previous year [10]. - **Export Profit and Loss**: SMM's new export profit - loss calculations showed a loss of 611 yuan/ton for Southeast Asian warehousing and a profit of 29.5 yuan/ton for Southeast Asian spot (turning from loss to profit) on September 25. There may be a chance of profit in warehousing next week, and zinc products may be exported [14]. 2. Raw Material End - **Processing Fees**: As of September 26, the SMM Zn50 weekly TC average price decreased by 200 yuan/metal ton to 3,650 yuan/metal ton. Domestic zinc mine production is expected to decline in the fourth quarter, and smelters' winter - stocking demand and miners' profit considerations may lead to a downward adjustment of zinc ore processing fees in October [17][18]. - **Zinc Concentrate Supply**: In August 2025, 467,300 tons (physical tons) of zinc concentrate were imported, a 6.8% decrease from July and a 30.06% increase year - on - year. The cumulative import volume from January to August was 3.5027 million tons (physical tons), a 43.06% increase year - on - year [21]. - **Zinc Concentrate Inventory**: The total inventory of SMM zinc concentrate at major Chinese ports was 339,300 tons, a decrease of 84,200 tons from last week, with a significant decline at Fangchenggang Port [26]. 3. Smelting End - **Refined Zinc Import**: In August 2025, China imported 25,656.83 tons of refined zinc, a 43.30% increase from July and a 3.59% decrease year - on - year. Kazakhstan was the largest source of imports, with 20,824.76 tons imported, a 69.97% increase from July and a 67.01% increase year - on - year. Iran was the second - largest source, with a 9.40% year - on - year increase [30]. - **Smelting Start - up Rate**: The start - up rate remained high, and the improvement in the processing economy of domestic ore led to an increase in the overall start - up rate [31][34]. 4. Demand End - **Refined Zinc Export**: No specific data on refined zinc export was provided other than the relevant charts [38][39]. - **Downstream Production and Start - up Rate**: Terminal orders remained weak, and typhoons affected the Guangdong market. The zinc alloy industry was affected by weak demand and low - price alloy competition. In the zinc oxide market, feed - grade zinc oxide was in the peak season, but rubber - grade and ceramic - grade zinc oxide had general demand [40][44]. - **Downstream Prices and Basic Situation**: The overall sales of galvanized pipes were weak, and inventory increased. Galvanized structural parts showed marginal improvement in consumption compared to August. The overall start - up rate of downstream industries was expected to decline slightly next week [44][45]. 5. Zinc Inventory - **Downstream Inventory**: No specific analysis of downstream inventory other than the relevant charts [49]. - **Domestic Social Inventory**: As of September 18, the total inventory of SMM's seven - location zinc ingots was 158,500 tons, a decrease of 2,100 tons from September 15. The Shanghai bonded - area inventory was 8,000 tons on September 25, unchanged from the previous period [52].

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. Core Viewpoints - The probability that the Fed will keep interest rates unchanged in October is 8.1%, and the probability of a 25 - basis - point rate cut is 91.9%. For December, the probability of keeping rates unchanged is 1%, the probability of a cumulative 25 - basis - point rate cut is 18.5%, and the probability of a cumulative 50 - basis - point rate cut is 80.5% [7]. - The zinc market is currently flat with small price fluctuations. The Fed's rate cut is in line with market expectations. The decline in the Shanghai - London ratio has widened losses in refined zinc and imported ore imports, partially offset by an increase in imported ore processing fees [7]. - On the supply side, domestic smelters' operating rates have increased due to profit incentives, leading to increased refined zinc output and accelerated inventory accumulation. Overseas high - cost smelters are facing losses and have cut production, causing a continuous decline in LME inventories. The trend of increasing losses in refined zinc imports reflects the different situations of domestic and overseas smelting [7]. - From a global perspective, the supply of zinc ore is gradually becoming more abundant. Although the transmission from increased ore production to increased smelting output is delayed due to overseas smelter production cuts, the sufficient domestic smelting capacity can digest the increased ore output, ultimately leading to an increase in refined zinc production [7]. - On the demand side, it remains relatively stable, mainly maintaining the existing level. With supply increasing and demand stable, there is a tendency for an oversupply in the zinc market [7]. - In the short and medium term, the probability of a significant decline in zinc prices is low. In the long term, the expectation of a shift from balance to oversupply in the zinc market remains unchanged. It is advisable to lay out long - term short positions on rallies, and enterprises can purchase as needed for now [7]. Summary by Directory Part 1: Core Viewpoints - Summarized above [7] Part 2: Industry Fundamental - Supply Side - **Zinc Concentrate Output**: In June 2025, global zinc concentrate output was 1.0814 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 7.11%. The 2025 international long - term zinc ore TC price was set at $80/ton, the lowest in history, but the supply of zinc ore is still showing a marginal loosening trend [8]. - **Zinc Concentrate Imports and Processing Fees**: From January to August 2025, China's cumulative imports of zinc concentrate were 3.5033 million physical tons, a year - on - year increase of 44.02%. As of September 19, the imported ore processing fee was reported at $111.25/ton, and the domestic ore processing fee was reported at 3850 yuan/ton, showing a divergence between the two [11]. - **Smelter Profit Estimation**: The profit of domestic ore smelting remains good, while imported ore has turned into a loss due to the internal - external price ratio issue [14]. - **Refined Zinc Output**: In June 2025, global refined zinc output was 1.1565 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 2.22%. In August 2025, domestic refined zinc output was 624,600 tons, a year - on - year increase of 28% [17]. - **Refined Zinc Import Profit and Import Volume**: From January to August 2025, China's cumulative net imports of refined zinc were 222,400 tons. The refined zinc import window is currently closed [20]. Part 3: Industry Fundamental - Consumption Side - **Refined Zinc Initial - stage Consumption**: In July 2025, domestic galvanized sheet output was 2.35 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 4.44%. The apparent consumption of galvanized products is relatively low, indicating weak actual demand and active destocking of hidden inventory in the industrial chain [25]. - **Refined Zinc Terminal Consumption**: From January to August 2025, the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of infrastructure investment completion (excluding electricity) has declined. The back - end of the real estate market has stabilized at a low level, but front - end indicators such as new construction and construction are still weak [27]. - **Refined Zinc Terminal Consumption**: In August 2025, domestic automobile production was 2.815 million vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 12.95%. With consumer loan interest subsidies and the release of a new round of national subsidy funds, household appliance consumption is expected to maintain its resilience [29]. Part 4: Other Indicators - **Inventory**: Inventory shows an increase domestically and a decrease overseas. As domestic smelters continue to increase output, the trend of inventory accumulation in social warehouses will continue [32]. - **Spot Premium and Discount**: As of September 19, the LME 0 - 3 premium and discount for zinc was reported at a premium of $50.91/ton. With a significant increase in social inventory, the domestic spot premium is low [35]. - **Exchange Positions**: As of September 12, the net long position of LME zinc investment funds was 28,762 lots. The weighted position of SHFE zinc has recently stabilized [38].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The zinc market shows a neutral - weak strength analysis, with a continuous inventory accumulation trend [2][3] - Domestic zinc supply is expected to increase. Although there is a slight improvement in consumption, it is relatively limited. The inventory accumulation trend may continue, and prices lack upward momentum. In the medium - to - long term, a short - selling approach on rallies is recommended [5] - The contradiction between domestic and foreign markets is prominent, with an increasingly obvious pattern of stronger foreign and weaker domestic zinc prices. There is an opportunity for the export window to open in the fourth quarter, and it is advisable to hold short - to - medium - term (within a quarter) positive spread positions cautiously [5] 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Market Review - **Price Changes**: The closing price of SHFE Zinc main contract last week was 22,045 yuan, with a weekly decline of 1.17%. The night - session closing price was 21,905 yuan, down 0.64%. The LmeS - Zinc 3 last week closed at 2,898.5 dollars, down 1.95% [6] - **Trading Volume and Open Interest Changes**: The trading volume of SHFE Zinc main contract last Friday was 77,398 lots, a decrease of 26,205 lots from the previous week. The open interest was 61,844 lots, a decrease of 35,853 lots. The trading volume of LmeS - Zinc 3 was 9,867 lots, a decrease of 4,640 lots, and the open interest was 217,061 lots, an increase of 12,255 lots [6] - **Inventory Changes**: SHFE Zinc warrant inventory increased by 6,626 tons to 52,531 tons; total SHFE Zinc inventory increased by 4,666 tons to 99,315 tons; social inventory increased by 4,300 tons to 158,500 tons; LME zinc inventory decreased by 2,700 tons to 47,825 tons; bonded - area inventory remained unchanged at 8,000 tons [6] 3.2 Industry Chain Vertical and Horizontal Comparison - **Inventory**: Zinc ore and smelter finished product inventories have risen to high levels, and zinc ingot visible inventory has increased [8] - **Profit**: Zinc ore profits are at the forefront of the industry chain, and smelting profits are at a medium - to - high level in history. Mining enterprise profits are stable in the short term, smelting profits are stable at a medium - to - high historical level, and galvanized pipe enterprise profits are stable at a medium - to - low level in the same period [10][11] - **Operation Rate**: The zinc smelting operation rate has recovered to a high level, while the downstream operation rate is at a relatively low historical level. Zinc concentrate operation rate has declined, refined zinc operation rate has increased, and downstream galvanizing, die - casting zinc, and zinc oxide operation rates have increased but are still at a low level [12][13] 3.3 Trading Aspects - **Spot**: Spot premiums have declined slightly. Overseas premiums are relatively stable, with a slight decline in Antwerp, and the LME CASH - 3M structure has changed significantly [16][18] - **Spread**: SHFE Zinc shows a C structure [20] - **Inventory**: SHFE Zinc inventory continues to accumulate, and the open - interest - to - inventory ratio continues to decline. LME zinc inventory is mainly concentrated in Singapore, with a short - term slight decline and at a medium - to - low level in the same period. Bonded - area inventory is stable, and the total global visible zinc inventory has increased slightly [25][31][34] - **Futures**: The domestic open interest is at a medium level in the same period [35] 3.4 Supply - **Zinc Concentrate**: Zinc concentrate imports have increased significantly, domestic zinc ore production is at a medium historical level, import ore processing fees have continued to rise, and domestic ore processing fees have remained flat. Ore arrival volume is at a medium level, and smelter raw material inventory is abundant, at a high level in the same period [38][39] - **Refined Zinc**: Smelting output has increased and is at a high level in the same period. Smelter finished product inventory has increased and is at a high level in the same period. Zinc alloy output is at a high level. Refined zinc imports are at a medium historical level [46][48] - **Recycled Zinc Raw Materials**: Related data on recycled zinc raw materials such as the operation rate of independent electric - arc - furnace steel mills, the average price of galvanized pipe slag, and the waste - steel daily consumption of steel mills are presented [51][52][53] 3.5 Demand - **Refined Zinc Consumption**: The consumption growth rate of refined zinc is positive [57] - **Downstream Operation Rate**: The monthly downstream operation rate has declined slightly and is mostly at a medium - to - low level in the same period [60] - **Terminal Demand**: The real - estate market remains at a low level, while the power grid shows structural growth [72] 3.6 Overseas Factors - Data on European natural gas futures prices, EU carbon - quota contract prices, European electricity prices, and the profitability of overseas zinc smelters are presented [74][75][77]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints - Under the influence of macro factors, zinc prices may show a strong trend. Considering the long - term oversupply of zinc, investors can lightly short at high prices; for arbitrage, it is advisable to wait and see [5]. - From a fundamental perspective, domestic refined zinc supply may decrease slightly in September. Although there is an expectation of the "Golden September and Silver October" consumption peak season, current terminal orders are lackluster, and domestic social inventories are continuously increasing. In contrast, LME inventories are decreasing, and the LME 0 - 3 has turned into a Back structure and is gradually expanding, which still supports LME zinc prices. Affected by overseas macro factors and LME zinc prices, the center of short - term Shanghai zinc prices may rise [6]. Summary by Directory Chapter 1: Comprehensive Analysis and Trading Strategies - **Trading Strategies** - **Unilateral Trading**: Zinc prices may be strong under macro influence. Due to long - term oversupply, short positions can be lightly established at high prices [5]. - **Arbitrage**: Temporarily wait and see [5]. Chapter 2: Market Data No specific data analysis content is provided in the given text, only some data item names such as "Spot Premium", "Absolute Price and Monthly Spread", "Shanghai Zinc Trading Volume and Open Interest", etc. Chapter 3: Fundamental Data - **Zinc Ore Supply** - **Production**: From January to June 2025, global zinc concentrate production was 6158300 tons, a year - on - year increase of 407300 tons or 7.08%. Overseas production was 4188300 tons, a year - on - year increase of 339300 tons or 8.81%, and Chinese production was 1970000 tons, a year - on - year increase of 68000 tons or 3.58%. In August 2025, SMM zinc concentrate production was 344800 metal tons, a month - on - month decrease of 0.58% and a year - on - year decrease of 4.51%. It is expected to be 314500 metal tons in September, a month - on - month decrease of 8.79% [31]. - **Import**: In July 2025, imported zinc concentrate was 501400 tons (physical tons), a month - on - month increase of 51.97% (171500 physical tons) and a year - on - year increase of 33.58%. From January to July, the cumulative imported zinc concentrate was 3035400 tons (physical tons), a cumulative year - on - year increase of 45.2%. The top three import source countries in July were Australia, Peru, and Russia [40]. - **Total Domestic Supply**: In July 2025, the total domestic supply of zinc concentrate was about 572400 metal tons, a year - on - year increase of 7.69%. From January to July, the cumulative total supply was 3453600 metal tons, a cumulative year - on - year increase of 12.76% [43]. - **Processing Fees**: In September, the monthly processing fee for domestic Zn50 zinc concentrate reached 3950 yuan/ton, an increase of 2350 yuan/ton compared to December 2024. On September 12, the weekly processing fee for domestic Zn50 zinc concentrate was 3850 yuan/metal ton, and the SMM imported zinc concentrate index rose by 2.5 US dollars/dry ton to 98.75 US dollars/dry ton [47]. - **Refined Zinc Supply** - **Global**: In June 2025, global refined zinc production was 1156500 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 2.22%. In May, global refined zinc demand was 1183700 tons, a year - on - year increase of 2.7%. There was a shortage of 27200 tons. From January to June 2025, global refined zinc production was 6665600 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 213600 tons or 3.11%; consumption was 6597600 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 17300 tons or 0.26%. There was a cumulative surplus of 68000 tons [53]. - **Domestic**: In August 2025, the domestic refined zinc enterprise operating rate was 96.34%, a month - on - month increase of 2.5%. SMM China's refined zinc production in August was 626200 tons, a month - on - month increase of 23400 tons or 3.88%, and a year - on - year increase of 28.77%. From January to August, the cumulative production was 4469000 tons, a year - on - year increase of 7.49%. It is expected that the domestic refined zinc production in September will be 609800 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 1.64 tons or 2.61%, and a year - on - year increase of 22.14% [56]. - **Import**: In July 2025, the import of refined zinc was 17900 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 18100 tons or 50.35%, and a year - on - year decrease of 2.97%. From January to July, the cumulative import was 209900 tons, a cumulative year - on - year decrease of 12.72%. The top three import countries in July were Kazakhstan, Australia, and India [58]. - **Consumption** - **Downstream开工率**: The downstream zinc开工率 increased significantly this week, mainly due to the resumption of production of enterprises restricted by environmental protection, but terminal orders have not improved significantly. With the approaching of the traditional consumption peak season, the start - up of downstream enterprises and new orders need to be monitored [6]. - **Inventory** - **Domestic**: As of September 11, the total inventory of SMM's seven - region zinc ingots was 154200 tons, an increase of 5200 tons compared to September 4 and an increase of 2100 tons compared to September 8 [6]. - **LME**: On September 11, LME zinc inventory was 50500 tons, a decrease of 2550 tons compared to September 5 [6].