Core Viewpoint - The article discusses Trump's decision to impose a 50% tariff on copper, driven by concerns that copper, like rare earths, could become a critical industry that the U.S. is overly dependent on imports for [2][4]. Group 1: Tariff Implications - Trump's tariff aims to maintain the resilience of the U.S. copper supply chain, reflecting a broader strategy to reduce reliance on foreign imports, particularly from China [4][6]. - The U.S. copper industry has seen a decline, with only three smelters remaining, producing less than 3% of global refined copper, while needing to import over 800,000 tons annually [6]. Group 2: Comparison with Rare Earths - The U.S. once dominated the rare earth industry but has shifted to importing from China, leading to a decline in domestic production capabilities [4][6]. - Similar to rare earths, copper is essential for modern manufacturing, and the U.S. has historically been a major player in this sector until a rapid decline post-1997 [4][6]. Group 3: Global Industry Dynamics - China currently produces over 50% of the world's refined copper, exceeding 12 million tons annually, and has contributed to 75% of the global increase in copper smelting capacity since 2000 [6]. - From 2019 to 2024, global investments in the copper industry are projected to reach $55 billion, with China accounting for nearly half of this investment [6]. Group 4: Economic Challenges - Trump's approach raises questions about the feasibility of reshoring supply chains without addressing the underlying economic challenges, such as the Triffin dilemma, which complicates maintaining the U.S. dollar's status as a reserve currency while revitalizing domestic manufacturing [10][11]. - The article suggests that Trump's policies may provide short-term economic benefits but could lead to long-term risks for the U.S. economy, particularly regarding manufacturing and national debt sustainability [11].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The US imposing a 50% tariff on copper imports may lead to short - term adjustment risks for copper prices, and the US copper inventory may increase while non - US regions gradually become more relaxed. The end of the US restocking process is expected, and the previous non - US spot contradictions will gradually ease [10]. - Some Fed officials believe that there will likely be two interest rate cuts this year because the impact of tariffs on prices is more moderate than expected, which boosts market risk appetite [12]. - The tight supply at the mine end continues. The processing fees for copper concentrates remain at a low level, and supply disruptions in Peru support copper prices. Although the production of refined copper has increased slightly, demand is still weak, and inventory has accumulated [5]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Report Summary - The US plans to impose a 50% tariff on imported copper starting from August 1. The initial jobless claims in the US have declined for four consecutive weeks, reaching the lowest level in two months, but the continuing claims are still at the highest level since the end of 2021 [5]. - Some Fed officials believe that there will likely be two interest rate cuts this year, as the impact of tariffs on prices is more moderate than expected, which boosts market risk appetite. The non - US spot contradictions will gradually ease [5]. - As of July 4, the Mysteel standard clean copper concentrate TC weekly index was - 43.43 dollars per dry ton, up 0.06 dollars per dry ton from the previous week. The processing fees for copper concentrates have been hovering at a low level, and supply disruptions in Peru support copper prices. The estimated output of electrolytic copper has decreased slightly, and demand is weak [5]. 3.2 Multi - and Short - Focus Bullish Factors - Some dovish Fed officials have spoken out, boosting market risk appetite. The domestic social copper inventory accumulation is limited, and the copper concentrate processing fees remain at a low level [8]. Bearish Factors - The US imposing a 50% tariff on copper imports will be implemented on August 1. The short - term copper price has adjustment risks, and the previous non - US spot contradictions will gradually ease [9][10]. 3.3 Data Analysis - **Supply - side Data** - China's copper ore and concentrate imports in May were 2.3952 million tons, a 17.55% month - on - month decrease and a 6.61% year - on - year increase. The supplies from Chile and Peru have both declined, and the supply tension is difficult to ease [13]. - As of July 4, the Mysteel standard clean copper concentrate TC weekly index was - 43.43 dollars per dry ton, up 0.06 dollars per dry ton from the previous week. The processing fees for copper concentrates have been hovering at a low level, and supply disruptions in Peru support copper prices [17]. - In May, China's electrolytic copper production was 1.1417 million tons, a 2.93% month - on - month increase and a 16.33% year - on - year increase. It is estimated that the output in the second quarter will reach 3.3913 million tons, a 16.13% increase from the second quarter of 2024 [19]. - China's scrap copper imports in May were 185,200 tons, a 9.55% month - on - month decrease and a 6.53% year - on - year decrease. The supplies from Thailand, Japan, and the US have all declined [22]. - **Demand - side Data** - As of July 10, the refined - scrap copper price difference was around - 1015 yuan per ton, which is beneficial for refined copper consumption [26]. - In June, the domestic refined copper rod output was 811,300 tons, a 3.51% month - on - month decrease and a 7.47% year - on - year increase. The output of recycled copper rods was 215,500 tons, a 7.11% month - on - month increase [30]. - In June, the domestic copper plate and strip output was 202,800 tons, a 3.47% month - on - month decrease, lower than the same period last year [34]. - In June, China's new energy vehicle production and sales were 1.268 million and 1.329 million respectively, with year - on - year growth of 26.4% and 26.7%. China's total automobile exports were 592,000, a 7.4% month - on - month increase and a 22.2% year - on - year increase [38]. - **Inventory and Price Difference Data** - LME copper inventory has stopped falling and rebounded, and the risk of a short squeeze has decreased. The copper inventory in SHFE and COMEX has increased, and the bonded - area copper inventory in Shanghai and Guangdong has also increased [42]. - On July 4, the spot premium of Yangtze River Non - ferrous 1 copper turned into a discount, and the LME 0 - 3 spot also changed from a large premium to a discount [46]. 3.4后市研判 - With the upcoming implementation of tariffs, the short - term adjustment risk continues. Attention should be paid to the support at the 77,000 integer level [49].

1. Copper Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: Macroeconomically, the expected US tariff increase on copper is 50% to be implemented at the end of July. The 232 investigation weakens the logic of LME copper squeezing and US restocking. Fundamentally, there are still contradictions in copper mine supply, and demand has weakened at high copper prices. Global visible inventory, LME inventory, and Chinese social inventory are low, except for COMEX due to US restocking. After the 232 investigation, non - US electrolytic copper shows a pattern of "loose supply expectation and weak demand". The negotiation of reciprocal tariffs will also disturb copper prices. The main contract should pay attention to the support level of 78,000 [1]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Basis**: SMM 1 electrolytic copper price is 78,615 yuan/ton, down 0.73% from the previous day. The premium of SMM 1 electrolytic copper is 15 yuan/ton, down 55 yuan/ton from the previous day. Other copper prices and premiums also show corresponding changes [1]. - **Inter - month Spread**: The spreads between different contracts such as 2507 - 2508, 2508 - 2509, etc. have decreased to varying degrees [1]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, electrolytic copper production was 1.1349 million tons, down 0.30% month - on - month. The import copper concentrate index increased by 0.56 dollars/ton week - on - week. The operating rates of electrolytic copper rod and regenerated copper rod changed, and inventories in different regions also changed [1]. 2. Aluminum Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The aluminum price broke through the recent resistance level and reached a new high due to low warehouse receipts and inventory and short - term tightening of spot supply. Fundamentally, the alumina market will remain slightly oversupplied in July - August. The current aluminum price is high, but under the pressure of inventory accumulation expectation, weak demand, and macro - disturbances, it is expected to remain under pressure in the short term. The main contract should pay attention to the pressure level of 20,800 [3]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Spread**: SMM A00 aluminum price is 20,820 yuan/ton, up 0.77% from the previous day. Alumina prices in different regions also increased slightly. The import profit and loss, inter - month spreads, etc. changed accordingly [3]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, alumina production was 7.2581 million tons, down 0.19% month - on - month, and electrolytic aluminum production was 3.609 million tons, down 3.22% month - on - month. The operating rates of different aluminum products and inventories in different regions also changed [3]. 3. Aluminum Alloy Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The aluminum alloy market is in a situation of weak supply and demand, with more prominent demand - side contradictions. It is expected to be in a weak shock, and the main contract is expected to operate between 19,200 - 20,000. Attention should be paid to the supply of upstream scrap aluminum and marginal changes in imports [4]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Spread**: SMM aluminum alloy ADC12 price is 20,100 yuan/ton, up 0.50% from the previous day. Inter - month spreads such as 2511 - 2512 decreased [4]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, the production of recycled aluminum alloy ingots was 0.9 million tons, up 1.49% month - on - month, and the production of primary aluminum alloy ingots was 26.10 million tons, up 2.30% month - on - month. The operating rates of different types of enterprises and inventories also changed [4]. 4. Zinc Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The zinc ore supply is in a long - term loose trend. The supply of refined zinc is expected to be loose, but the improvement lags behind the ore end. The demand has weakened marginally. The low inventory provides price support, but the domestic social inventory may enter the inventory accumulation cycle. In the long - term, zinc is in a supply - side loose cycle. The main contract is expected to operate between 21,500 - 23,000. Attention should be paid to the TC growth rate and the rhythm of US tariff policies [8]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Spread**: SMM 0 zinc ingot price is 22,400 yuan/ton, up 1.08% from the previous day. The import profit and loss, inter - month spreads, etc. changed [8]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, refined zinc production was 0.5851 million tons, up 6.50% month - on - month. The operating rates of different zinc processing industries changed, and inventories in different regions also changed [8]. 5. Nickel Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The nickel price rebounded, and the macro - sentiment eased. The nickel ore supply is relatively loose. The refined nickel cost support has loosened, and the medium - term supply is still loose, restricting the upward space of the price. In the short term, the market is expected to adjust within a range, and the main contract is expected to operate between 118,000 - 126,000. Attention should be paid to changes in macro - expectations [10]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Basis**: SMM 1 electrolytic nickel price is 120,600 yuan/ton, up 0.37% from the previous day. The prices and costs of different nickel products and related indicators such as LME 0 - 3, import profit and loss, etc. changed [10]. - **Supply and Inventory**: In June, China's refined nickel production was 31,800 tons, down 10.04% month - on - month, and the import volume was 19,157 tons, up 116.90% month - on - month. Inventories in different regions also changed [10]. 6. Tin Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The actual tin ore supply remains tight, and the demand is expected to be weak after the end of the photovoltaic installation rush and in the electronic consumption off - season. In the short term, there are large macro - disturbances. Hold the previous high - level short positions and pay attention to changes in US tariff policies [14]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Spot Price and Basis**: SMM 1 tin price is 265,000 yuan/ton, unchanged from the previous day. The LME 0 - 3 premium increased by 160.00% [14]. - **Inter - month Spread**: The spreads between different contracts such as 2507 - 2508, 2508 - 2509, etc. changed significantly [14]. - **Fundamental Data**: In May, tin ore imports increased by 36.39% month - on - month, while SMM refined tin production decreased by 2.37% month - on - month. Import and export volumes of refined tin and other data also changed [14]. 7. Stainless Steel Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The stainless steel market is strong, but the spot trading is light. The nickel ore supply is relatively loose, and the nickel - iron price is weak. The steel mill's production reduction is less than expected, and the terminal demand is weak. The short - term market is expected to fluctuate, and the main contract is expected to operate between 12,500 - 13,000. Attention should be paid to policy trends and steel mill production reduction schedules [15]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Spread**: The price of 304/2B (Wuxi Hongwang 2.0 coil) is 12,750 yuan/ton, up 0.39% from the previous day. The inter - month spreads changed [15]. - **Fundamental Data**: The production of 300 - series stainless steel crude steel in China decreased by 3.83% month - on - month. Inventories in different regions also changed [15]. 8. Lithium Carbonate Industry - **Investment Rating**: Not provided - **Core View**: The lithium carbonate futures market fluctuated narrowly. The macro - situation has uncertainties. The supply of lithium carbonate is relatively sufficient, and the demand is stable but difficult to boost significantly. The inventory is still at a high level. In the short term, the market is expected to fluctuate within a range, and the main contract is expected to operate between 60,000 - 65,000. Attention should be paid to macro - risks [17]. - **Summary by Directory** - **Price and Basis**: SMM battery - grade lithium carbonate price is 63,650 yuan/ton, up 0.55% from the previous day. The prices and spreads of different lithium products changed [17]. - **Inter - month Spread**: The spreads between different contracts such as 2507 - 2508, 2507 - 2509, etc. decreased [17]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, lithium carbonate production was 78,090 tons, up 8.34% month - on - month. The demand, import, and export volumes, and inventories in different links also changed [17].

关税，又有新消息！ 北京时间7月11日早间消息，美国总统特朗普宣布，将自8月1日起，对自加拿大进口的商品征收35%关税。 上述消息公布后，美股股指期货大幅跳水，纳指期货盘中一度跌0.8%，标普500指数期货、道指期货一度跌超 0.6%。加元兑美元汇率盘中也直线跳水，跌幅一度达到0.56%。 特朗普最新宣布：35%关税！ 当地时间7月10日，美国总统特朗普在社交媒体平台上宣布，美国将对加拿大商品加征35%关税，此项关税将 从2025年8月1日生效。 6月30日，美国白宫经济顾问哈塞特表示，美国白宫将立即重启与加拿大的贸易谈判。 多国强硬回应美国加征关税 特朗普7日向日本、韩国等14个国家发出了首批关税信函，关税税率从25%到40%不等。 他同时预告本周还会 有更多此类信函发出。9日上午，特朗普再致信6个国家的领导人，通知他们将对这些国家输美商品征收新关 税。同一天，特朗普还在社交媒体平台"真实社交"上发布了致巴西有关加征关税的信函，表示美国将自2025年 8月1日起对所有巴西产品征收50%的关税。 据央视新闻报道，当地时间7月9日，针对美国将对日本征收25%关税问题，日本首相石破茂表示，日本国内将 团结一致守护 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. government has announced a 50% tariff on imported copper, effective from August 1, citing national security concerns and the need to rebuild the domestic copper industry [1][5][7] - Copper is a critical metal used in various industries, including electronics, construction, and automotive, with nearly half of U.S. copper procurement relying on foreign suppliers [2][7] - The decision to impose tariffs on copper comes after a 270-day investigation under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, which was initiated in February [2][7] Group 2 - In addition to copper tariffs, the U.S. may impose new tariffs of up to 200% on foreign-manufactured pharmaceuticals, although these tariffs may not take effect for another year to a year and a half [9][12] - The pharmaceutical industry has expressed concerns that such tariffs could lead to increased drug prices in the U.S., as approximately 70% of finished drugs are imported, and over 30% of raw materials are also sourced from abroad [14][23] - The ongoing tariff discussions reflect a broader trend of uncertainty in U.S. trade policy, which has been characterized by frequent changes and a lack of clear strategic direction [16][19] Group 3 - The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development has warned that U.S. trade policies could lead to increased global trade fragmentation and instability in supply chains, potentially harming the world economy [20][23] - The uncertainty surrounding U.S. tariffs is expected to have negative long-term effects on the U.S. economy and its relationships with major trading partners, with no clear winners emerging from the situation [23]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant impact of the U.S. imposing a 50% tariff on imported copper, leading to volatility in the global copper market and affecting prices on various exchanges [1][2]. Price Movements - As of July 10, COMEX copper futures rose to $5.59 per pound, with a weekly high of $5.89, marking a historical peak [1]. - Conversely, LME copper futures experienced a weekly decline of approximately 1.2%, closing at $9,734 per ton, rebounding from a low of $9,553 [1]. - The main copper contract in Shanghai fell by 0.39%, settling at 78,600 yuan per ton, with a cumulative weekly drop of about 2% [2]. Market Dynamics - The announcement of the 50% tariff by President Trump deviated significantly from market expectations of around 25%, leading to an increase in U.S. refined copper prices [2]. - The price spread between COMEX and LME copper expanded to $2,500 per ton, previously nearing $3,000, far exceeding the average stable spread of $300 [4]. - Traders are engaging in arbitrage by buying spot copper and shorting LME to lock in profits, causing LME and domestic copper prices to decline while COMEX prices continue to rise [4]. Inventory Changes - As of July 7, COMEX copper inventory reached 221,000 tons, up from less than 100,000 tons in February [5]. - LME copper inventory decreased sharply from 270,900 tons in mid-February to 97,400 tons, a reduction of over 64% [5]. - The increase in COMEX inventory is not keeping pace with the decrease in LME inventory, indicating potential supply chain issues [5]. Supply Chain Implications - The U.S. tariff policy may lead to a restructuring of the global copper supply chain, with potential cost increases in sectors like automotive and renewable energy [7]. - It is projected that U.S. copper imports could reach 1.36 million tons this year, significantly higher than last year's 900,000 tons, which may lead to increased inventory levels in COMEX [7]. - The global supply of refined copper is not currently short, with expectations of a weakening supply-demand balance by 2025 due to recovering copper mine supplies [7]. Domestic Market Outlook - If the copper tariff is implemented on August 1, there may be delays in the transportation of spot copper, limiting price support in the domestic market [8]. - The decline in Shanghai copper prices has alleviated some cost pressures on downstream processing companies, but price volatility remains a concern [8]. - Companies are advised to closely monitor the price differences between COMEX, LME, and Shanghai copper, particularly for risk management in trading positions [8].

周二，美国总统特朗普突发表示计划对进口产品征收50%的关税，由于此举可能会引发全球金属市场供应链的巨大波动，纽约铜期货价格周二出现大涨。纽 约商品交易所铜期货合约一度上涨17%，创下单日涨幅纪录。纽约原油期货价格较全球基准价格制定者伦敦的同类期货价格高出24%。 高盛曾预计，25%的关税将在9月至11月之间实施。如果提前实施，纽约商品交易所铜价格较伦敦金属交易所(LME)价格的溢价（3月26日曾达到创纪录的 17%）可能会进一步扩大。一旦进口税生效，流向美国的铜需求可能会放缓，美国消费者将消化库存，从而避免美国在第三季度出现供应过剩，预计第三季 度全球铜市场供应紧张的局面将最为明显。 特朗普为何对铜进口征收关税？ 特朗普一直希望重振美国铜产业，并确保这一关键材料的供应安全。铜是世界上最普遍存在的金属之一，用途广泛，包括电缆、管道和电动汽车。美国政府 官员认为，全球市场的倾销和产能过剩对国内铜生产造成了压力，导致美国在武器制造等重要行业依赖外国铜资源。特朗普政府对铜的关注以及即将实施的 关税，是美国提升关键矿产产量的更广泛努力的一部分。 今年1月，特朗普首次考虑对进口铜征收25%的关税，这导致在新关税实施之前， ...

Core Viewpoint - The decision by President Trump to impose a 50% tariff on imported copper is shocking in both timing and scale, significantly impacting the copper market and global supply chain [1][4][6]. Group 1: Market Reactions - Following the announcement of the tariff, COMEX copper prices surged by 17%, reaching historic highs, while LME copper prices experienced volatility, with a price range between $9,769.50 and $9,553.00 per ton [1][4]. - Analysts predict that the price differential between New York and London copper will continue to widen, potentially reaching 50% as U.S. importers rush to purchase copper ahead of the tariff implementation [5][6]. Group 2: Supply Chain Implications - The U.S. is heavily reliant on copper imports, with the U.S. Geological Survey estimating a consumption of 3.4 million tons in 2024, nearly half of which will be imported [1][2]. - The U.S. domestic copper production is only 1.1 million tons, a 3% decline year-on-year, which is minimal compared to the global production of 23 million tons [1][2]. Group 3: Long-term Industry Outlook - Analysts express concerns that the U.S. has underinvested in copper mining and refining for decades, making self-sufficiency nearly impossible in the short term [2]. - The International Energy Agency forecasts global copper demand to reach 26.7 million tons in 2024, with a 7% increase over the past three years and a projected 17% growth by 2030 [4]. Group 4: Economic Impact on U.S. Companies - U.S. companies are expected to bear the brunt of the tariff, leading to increased costs for copper, especially as the dollar has depreciated by approximately 15% this year [6][7]. - The uncertainty created by the tariff announcement has left many in the copper trading and production sectors confused, with potential negative implications for all domestic copper consumers [7].

Group 1 - The U.S. government announced a 50% tariff on all copper imports starting August 1, which may significantly increase costs for American manufacturers and impact the manufacturing sector negatively [1] - President Trump stated that the decision was made after a strong national security assessment, emphasizing the importance of copper as a key metal in various technology fields and its significant use by the Department of Defense [1] - The U.S. Department of Commerce completed an investigation into copper imports as per Trump's earlier executive order, which led to the announcement of the tariff [1] Group 2 - According to U.S. Census Bureau data, Chile, Canada, and Mexico are the largest suppliers of refined copper and copper products to the U.S. in 2024, with Peru also being a major copper supplier [2] - The Peruvian government indicated that the new tariff policy would only affect 5% of Peru's copper exports, as most of its copper is directed to other global markets [2] - The high copper tariffs are expected to heavily impact U.S. manufacturing, as nearly half of the copper purchased by American factories relies on foreign suppliers, leading to increased costs compared to competitors in other regions [2]

Group 1: Copper Tariffs and Market Impact - The U.S. President Trump announced a 50% tariff on copper imports, significantly exceeding market expectations of around 25%, leading to a surge in U.S. copper futures prices [3][4] - Following the announcement, COMEX copper prices rose by 9.63% on July 8, 2023, before experiencing a 2.75% decline the next day, while LME copper futures fell by 1.94% [3] - Analysts suggest that the U.S. aims to increase domestic copper production through higher prices, but establishing a self-sufficient copper industry is challenging due to the slow nature of copper mining [3][4] Group 2: Future Copper Price Predictions - Goldman Sachs raised its LME copper price forecast for the second half of 2025 from $9,140 per ton to $9,890 per ton, predicting a peak of $10,050 per ton in August 2023 [5] - Analysts expect copper prices to experience a pattern of initial decline followed by recovery in the latter half of the year, although breaking previous highs may be difficult without additional stimulus [5] Group 3: Semiconductor Industry Risks - The global semiconductor industry faces a supply chain crisis related to copper, with a report predicting that climate change could disrupt copper supply, affecting 32% of global semiconductor capacity by 2035 [6][7] - Chile, the largest copper producer, is already dealing with water scarcity issues that impact production, and many countries supplying copper for the semiconductor industry will face similar risks [7] Group 4: Domestic Companies and Strategies - Companies like Chujiang New Materials are actively managing copper supply risks through hedging strategies, maintaining normal copper supply despite price fluctuations [7][8] - Domestic firms such as Kangqiang Electronics and Jiangfeng Electronics are involved in semiconductor packaging materials and advanced materials, respectively, with a focus on optimizing supply chains and mitigating raw material price volatility [8]