【生猪：四季度行情展望】 仍处磨底去产阶段 东证衍生品研究院 2025年9月 吴冰心 高级分析师 从业资格号：F03087442 投资咨询号：Z0019498 Tel: 021-63325888-4192 Email:bingxin.wu@orientfutures.com 图：双节前现货不涨反跌 图：近月合约继续突破13000元/吨向下 数据来源：钢联农产品、WIND、东证衍生品研究院 吴冰心 高级分析师；从业资格号：F03087442；交易咨询号：Z0019498 • 上半年现货跌幅有限，均价仍显著高于成本线，养殖逆周期持续给出利润。 • 进入三季度，受政策引导，行业整体去库加速，进入双节前备货旺季，现货不涨反跌，盘面估值受现货悲观情绪拖累 大幅下移。 回顾：现货不涨，盘面大幅缩水 1、期现货市场：加速下跌，整体估值下移 Ø 去库先行，现货价格下跌 1、期现货市场：周期反转阶段反套结构的确立 Ø 期货市场：盘面升水大幅挤出，反套结构持续确立 • 在近月去库、远月去产的一致预期下，盘面反套结构形成，由母猪存栏拐点推测，明年5-7月之后或是供应收紧、价格 企稳上行的重要转折。 数据来源：WIND、东证衍生品研 ...

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Recommended" [3] Core Insights - The report highlights the ongoing decline in pork prices, with the average price of live pigs at 12.64 CNY/kg, down 3.05% week-on-week, indicating a supply surplus in the market. However, upcoming festivals are expected to boost consumption and potentially stabilize prices [2][13] - The report emphasizes the importance of improving grain yield through advanced agricultural practices and technology, particularly in the context of food security and the promotion of genetically modified crops [1][12] Summary by Sections Planting Industry Chain - The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is focusing on enhancing grain yields through a comprehensive approach tailored to specific crops and regions. This includes promoting high-performance agricultural machinery and addressing storage issues in different regions [1][12] - Companies like Beidahuang and Suqian Agricultural Development are expected to benefit from these initiatives, along with seed companies such as Dabeinong and Longping High-Tech [1][12] Swine Farming - The current average price of live pigs is 12.64 CNY/kg, reflecting a significant decrease due to oversupply. A meeting was held to discuss reducing the breeding sow population by approximately 1 million to stabilize prices [2][13] - The report suggests that the swine industry will focus on quality improvement and efficiency, with a gradual elimination of outdated production capacity. Companies like Muyuan Foods and Wen's Foodstuffs are highlighted as key players to watch [2][5][13] Key Agricultural Product Data Tracking - Corn: The average price is 2360.47 CNY/ton, down 0.10% week-on-week [26] - Wheat: The average price is 2434.39 CNY/ton, up 0.23% week-on-week [29] - Soybeans: The average price is 4050.42 CNY/ton, up 0.17% week-on-week [38] - Cotton: The average price is 15090.00 CNY/ton, down 0.89% week-on-week [46] Feed and Vitamin Prices - The average price of pig feed is 2.68 CNY/kg, with no change week-on-week. Vitamin E prices have decreased by 7.84% to 51.70 CNY/kg [52][63]

Core Viewpoint - The performance of pork companies in the first half of 2025 appears strong, with significant profit increases, yet the capital market remains skeptical, leading to many pork stocks languishing at low levels and some becoming "zombie stocks" unable to benefit from market uptrends [1][3]. Group 1: Financial Performance - Major pork companies reported impressive profits: Muyuan Foods achieved a net profit of 10.53 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1169.77%; Wens Foodstuff Group reported a net profit of 3.475 billion yuan, up 159.12%; New Hope recorded a net profit of 754.9 million yuan, a 162% increase; and Dekang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry posted a net profit of 1.292 billion yuan [1]. - The profits are primarily driven by cost reductions rather than price increases or scale expansions, as raw material prices like corn and soybean meal have declined, coupled with improved production efficiency [3][4]. Group 2: Industry Challenges - The industry faces a significant overcapacity issue, with the number of breeding sows still at 40.42 million as of July 2025, exceeding the normal holding capacity [3]. - The market has not yet seen a supply-demand gap due to prolonged profitability since May 2024, with larger scale farms dominating the market, which hinders natural capacity reduction [4][5]. Group 3: Policy and Regulation - The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Development and Reform Commission have mandated that 25 leading pork companies reduce their breeding sows by 1 million by January 2026, with penalties for non-compliance [3][5]. - The policy's effectiveness may be limited due to structural differences in the industry, where large companies comply while smaller farms may not, potentially undermining the intended impact of the regulations [5][7]. Group 4: Market Dynamics - The industry has been in a profitable cycle since May 2024, but as of September 2025, the self-breeding model has begun to incur losses, with an average loss of 24.44 yuan per pig [11]. - The average price of pigs has dropped to approximately 12.6 yuan/kg, while the average cost is around 12.8 yuan/kg, indicating that further price declines are necessary for significant capacity reduction [11][14]. Group 5: Future Outlook - Even if production capacity decreases, overall supply may not decline due to increased production efficiency, which has risen significantly from 15.3 in January 2021 to 20.8 in January 2025 [13]. - The expectation for a reversal in the pork cycle should be tempered, as the industry is transitioning to a "micro-profit norm," shifting investment logic from "betting on cycles" to "selecting stocks" [16][17].

Core Viewpoint - The pig market is experiencing a downturn despite the traditional peak season, with prices dropping and concerns over overcapacity in the industry [1][4][6]. Group 1: Market Performance - As of September 26, the average price of external three yuan pigs in China was 12.71 yuan/kg, down 0.04 yuan/kg from the previous day, with half of the regions experiencing prices in the "5 yuan pig price zone" [1]. - The average price of pigs in the third week of September was 13.85 yuan/kg, and the average pork price was 24.51 yuan/kg, reflecting a 0.8% decrease from the previous week [1]. - The cumulative output of listed pig companies from January to August 2025 reached 126 million heads, a year-on-year increase of 21.12% [6]. Group 2: Industry Dynamics - The current pig industry is in its sixth cycle, with the internal expansion phase nearing its end, leading to accelerated capacity reduction due to policy and losses [3][12]. - The Ministry of Agriculture plans to reduce the breeding sow stock by approximately 1 million heads to 39.5 million [8]. - By the end of July 2025, the breeding sow stock was at 40.42 million heads, which is 103.6% of the normal holding capacity, indicating a need for capacity regulation [5][9]. Group 3: Consumer Behavior and Price Trends - Consumer demand is expected to recover during the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day, potentially stabilizing prices [3]. - The market is witnessing a negative cycle where lower prices lead to panic selling among farmers, further driving prices down [7]. - The industry is shifting towards a more structured approach, with a focus on quality and differentiation rather than merely reducing capacity [12][13]. Group 4: Policy and Strategic Adjustments - The government is actively implementing measures to control pig production, including meetings with major pig companies to discuss production adjustments [8][9]. - Companies like Wens Foodstuffs and Muyuan Foods are reducing their breeding sow numbers and controlling the weight of pigs at slaughter [12]. - The industry is expected to evolve into a "30-30-40" structure, with 30% of large enterprises ensuring basic capacity, 30% focusing on niche markets, and 40% being flexible family farms [13].

Core Viewpoint - The swine market is experiencing a downturn despite the traditional peak season, with prices dropping significantly and concerns over overcapacity in the industry [1][7]. Price Trends - As of September 26, the average price of external three yuan pigs in China is 12.71 yuan/kg, with a notable decline in prices across various regions [1]. - The average price of pigs in the third week of September was reported at 13.85 yuan/kg, while pork averaged 24.51 yuan/kg, reflecting a week-on-week decrease of 0.8% [1]. Market Dynamics - Analysts indicate that the high inventory levels and pressure on enterprises to sell are contributing to the lack of a market bottom, despite government measures to regulate production capacity [3][5]. - The current swine industry is in its sixth cycle, with expectations that the effects of capacity reduction will become evident by the second half of 2026, potentially leading to price increases [5]. Supply and Demand Factors - The overall high inventory levels, coupled with insufficient consumer demand, have resulted in a "peak season not peaking" scenario for pig prices [7]. - By November 2024, the number of breeding sows is expected to reach a peak of 40.8 million, indicating a continued supply pressure [7]. Corporate Actions - Major companies are actively reducing their breeding sow numbers and controlling production to address overcapacity issues [16][17]. - For instance, companies like Wens Foodstuffs and New Hope are maintaining stable inventory levels and controlling the weight of pigs at the time of sale [17]. Market Sentiment - There is a shift in market sentiment, with some farmers exhibiting panic selling behavior, leading to a negative feedback loop where lower prices prompt quicker sales, further driving prices down [8]. - Despite the challenges, there is a consensus in the industry regarding the need for proactive capacity reduction and quality improvement [8]. Structural Changes - The industry is expected to evolve into a "three-three" structure, with 30% of leading enterprises ensuring basic capacity, 30% focusing on niche markets, and 40% consisting of medium-sized family farms leveraging flexibility [18].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - The supply of live pigs remains under pressure as large - scale farms continue to sell and smallholders are also actively selling large pigs. Although demand has improved marginally due to cooler temperatures, price drops, and approaching holidays, the increase in demand is less than that in supply. The overall supply - demand situation is loose, which constrains prices. However, with the current price at a relatively low level and high positions held, there is a risk of price fluctuations caused by pre - holiday position changes. It is recommended to conduct reverse arbitrage operations on live pig futures [7]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1. Weekly Highlights - **Market Performance**: The price of live pigs continued to decline, with the main contract 2511 falling 1.95% weekly [7][11]. - **Market Outlook**: Supply is sufficient while demand growth is limited, keeping the supply - demand pattern loose. Pre - holiday position changes may cause price fluctuations. Reverse arbitrage operations on live pig futures are recommended [7]. 3.2. Futures and Spot Markets 3.2.1. Futures Market - **Price Movement**: The futures price fell, with the main contract 2511 down 1.95% for the week [7][11]. - **Net Position and Warehouse Receipts**: The net short position increased, and there were 298 futures warehouse receipts, 130 less than last week. As of September 26, the net short position of the top 20 holders was 28,375 lots, up 2,571 lots from last week [13][17]. - **Contract Spreads**: The spread between lh2601 and lh2603 contracts was 445, and the spread between lh2601 and lh2605 contracts was 50 [21]. 3.2.2. Spot Market - **Live Pig and Piglet Prices**: The national average price of live pigs was 12.77 yuan/kg, down 0.14 yuan/kg from last week and 8.33% from last month. The average price of 15 - kg weaned piglets was 25.38 yuan/kg, down 2.62 yuan/kg from last week and 10.57% from last month [35]. - **Pork and Sow Prices**: The national pork market price was 24.51 yuan/kg in the week of September 18, down 0.19 yuan/kg from the previous week. The average price of binary sows was 32.50 yuan/kg, down 0.01 yuan/kg from the previous week [39]. - **Pig - Grain Ratio**: As of the week of September 17, 2025, the pig - grain ratio was 5.81, down 0.09 from the previous week [43]. 3.3. Industry Situation 3.3.1. Upstream - **Sow Inventory**: In late July 2025, the inventory of breeding sows was 40.41 million, down 10,000 from the previous month and 0.025% year - on - year, reaching 103.6% of the normal level. In August, according to Mysteel data, the inventory of breeding sows in large - scale farms decreased slightly by 0.83% month - on - month, and that in small and medium - sized farms decreased slightly by 0.09% month - on - month [48]. - **Live Pig Inventory**: In Q2 2023, the live pig inventory was 424.47 million, up 7.16 million from the end of the previous quarter and 9.14 million year - on - year. In August, the live pig inventory in large - scale farms increased by 1.11% month - on - month, and that in small and medium - sized farms increased by 2.49% month - on - month [54]. - **Slaughter Volume and Average Weight**: In August, the slaughter volume of large - scale farms increased by 2.56% month - on - month, and that of small and medium - sized farms decreased by 1.44% month - on - month. The average slaughter weight was 123.47 kg, down 0.04 kg from last week [59]. 3.3.2. Industry Profitability - **Live Pig Farming**: As of September 26, the loss of purchasing piglets for farming was 236.57 yuan/head, an increase of 37.25 yuan/head. The loss of self - breeding and self - raising was 74.11 yuan/head, a decrease of 49.66 yuan/head [64]. - **Poultry Farming**: As of September 26, the profit of laying hens was 0.11 yuan/bird, down 0.06 yuan/bird week - on - week, and the profit of 817 meat - hybrid chickens was 1.40 yuan/bird [64]. 3.3.3. Domestic Market - **Pork Imports**: In the first eight months of 2025, the cumulative pork imports were 710,000 tons, with a monthly average of 88,750 tons. In August, the import volume was 80,000 tons, down 11.11% year - on - year [65][69]. 3.3.4. Substitute Products - **White - Striped Chicken Price**: As of the week of September 26, the price of white - striped chicken was 14.4 yuan/kg, up 0.1 yuan/kg from last week [72]. - **Standard - Fat Price Difference**: As of the week of September 26, the average price difference between standard and fat pigs was - 0.39 yuan/kg, 0.39 yuan/kg less than last week [72]. 3.3.5. Feed Market - **Feed Prices**: As of September 26, the spot price of soybean meal was 3,019.71 yuan/ton, down 12 yuan/ton from the previous week. The price of corn was 2,365.29 yuan/ton, up 4.9 yuan/ton from the previous week [78]. - **Feed Index and Price**: As of September 26, the closing price of the Dalian Commodity Exchange pig feed cost index was 894.31, down 0.56% from last week. The price of finishing pig compound feed was 3.34 yuan/kg, down 0.01 yuan/kg from last week [83]. - **Feed Output**: In August 2025, the monthly feed output was 29.272 million tons, up 999,000 tons month - on - month. The sales of piglet feed decreased by 0.04% month - on - month and 0.74% year - on - year [87]. 3.3.6. CPI - As of August 2025, China's CPI decreased by 0.4% year - on - year [91]. 3.3.7. Downstream Market - **Slaughtering Enterprises**: In the 39th week, the slaughtering enterprise's operating rate was 32.82%, up 1.05 percentage points from last week and higher than the same period last year. The domestic frozen product storage rate was 17.65%, up 0.09 percentage points from last week [94]. - **Slaughter Volume and Catering Consumption**: As of July 2025, the slaughter volume of designated pig slaughtering enterprises was 31.66 million, up 5.32% from the previous month. In August 2025, the national catering revenue was 44.957 billion yuan, up 2.1% year - on - year [99]. 3.4. Live Pig - Related Stocks - The report mentions the stock trend charts of Muyuan Co., Ltd. and Wens Co., Ltd., but no specific analysis content is provided [100][103].

Core Viewpoint - The pig market is experiencing a downturn despite the traditional peak season, with prices dropping and concerns over excess production capacity [1][2][3] Price Trends - As of September 26, the average price of external three yuan pigs in China is 12.71 yuan/kg, down 0.04 yuan/kg from the previous day, with half of the regions experiencing prices in the "5 yuan pig price zone" [1] - The average price of pigs in the third week of September was 13.85 yuan/kg, and the average pork price was 24.51 yuan/kg, reflecting a 0.8% decrease from the previous week [1][2] Supply and Demand Dynamics - High inventory levels and the release of production capacity by leading enterprises are contributing to the oversupply in the pig industry, compounded by weak consumer demand [2][3] - The number of breeding sows is projected to reach a high of 40.8 million by November 2024, indicating sustained supply levels [2] Industry Adjustments - Major pig farming companies are actively reducing production capacity, with a consensus on the need for quality improvement and capacity reduction [5][6] - Companies like Wens Foodstuffs and New Hope are implementing measures to control the number of breeding sows and reduce average slaughter weights [8] Market Sentiment and Future Outlook - Analysts suggest that the market may stabilize by November as excess capacity is gradually absorbed, with potential for price recovery [5][6] - The industry is expected to evolve into a "three-three" structure, balancing large enterprises, specialized farms, and medium-sized family farms to better withstand cyclical fluctuations [9]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery industry [42] Core Viewpoints - Recent declines in pig prices and continuous profit decreases for breeding companies will force upstream breeding sows to reduce stock. The current stock of breeding sows remains relatively high, indicating significant potential for future reduction. The valuation of pig breeding companies is still at a historically low level, presenting an opportunity for investment based on capacity reduction expectations. In the chicken breeding sector, overall capacity is relatively high, and profitability remains under pressure. There is a potential for capacity reduction in the future, with attention to marginal profit improvement opportunities. In the feed sector, opportunities arise from increased market concentration and overseas expansion. The domestic pet market still has expansion potential, with leading domestic companies expected to maintain rapid growth [42][43] Summary by Sections 1. Market Review - The SW agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery industry slightly underperformed the CSI 300 index, declining by 5.07% from September 12 to September 25, 2025, lagging behind the index by approximately 6.07 percentage points [10] - All sub-sectors recorded negative returns during this period, with declines of 2.89% in planting, 3.59% in animal health, 4.36% in feed, 5.32% in agricultural product processing, 5.95% in breeding, and 6.73% in fisheries [13][14] 2. Industry Key Data - **Pig Farming**: The average price of external three-way cross pigs fell from 13.31 CNY/kg to 12.51 CNY/kg during the reporting period. The cost of corn was 2365.1 CNY/ton, and soybean meal was 3002 CNY/ton, both showing slight declines. As of September 26, 2025, the profit for self-bred pigs was -74.11 CNY/head, and for purchased piglets, it was -236.57 CNY/head, indicating a decrease in profitability [22][24][27] - **Poultry Farming**: The average price of broiler chicks was 3.29 CNY/chick, showing a slight increase, while the average price of white feather broilers was 6.9 CNY/kg, reflecting a slight decline. The profit for white feather broilers was -2.22 CNY/chick, also indicating a decrease [29][33] - **Aquaculture**: The average wholesale prices for crucian carp and carp were 21.09 CNY/kg and 14.2 CNY/kg, respectively, both showing slight declines [35] 3. Industry News - Argentina announced a temporary zero-export tax on agricultural products, effective from September 23, 2025, until October 31, or until exports reach 7 billion USD. This measure aims to address domestic foreign exchange pressures and currency devaluation, significantly lowering export costs and enhancing competitiveness in the global market [37]

Core Viewpoint - The pig market in China is experiencing a downturn despite traditionally being a peak season, with prices dropping and signs of overcapacity in the industry [2][4]. Price Trends - As of September 26, the average price of external three yuan pigs was 12.71 yuan/kg, a decrease of 0.04 yuan/kg from the previous day, with half of the country experiencing prices around 5 yuan/kg [2]. - The average price of pigs was reported at 13.85 yuan/kg and pork at 24.51 yuan/kg, reflecting a 0.8% decline from the previous week [2]. Market Dynamics - The current pig industry is in its sixth cycle, with the internal expansion phase nearing its end, leading to accelerated capacity reduction due to policy and losses [2][5]. - The overall high inventory levels and the pressure to release stock from leading enterprises contribute to the overcapacity issue, compounded by weak consumer demand [4][6]. Production and Supply - The number of breeding sows is projected to remain high, with 40.8 million expected by November 2024, indicating a potential increase in supply by Q3 2025 [5]. - Major pig farming companies reported a cumulative output of 126 million pigs from January to August 2025, a year-on-year increase of 21.12% [6]. Policy and Regulation - The government has initiated measures to reduce the breeding sow population by approximately 1 million heads to stabilize the market [9][10]. - The central government has also been actively using reserve frozen pork to influence market prices, with 15,000 tons released in late September [10]. Industry Adjustments - Companies are adopting strategies to optimize their operations, such as reducing the number of breeding sows and controlling the weight of pigs at slaughter [13][14]. - Some smaller enterprises are shifting towards differentiated products, such as high-end pork, to maintain profitability despite market fluctuations [14][15]. Future Outlook - Analysts suggest that the market may stabilize by November as excess capacity is gradually absorbed, with a potential for price recovery [7][10]. - The industry is expected to evolve into a "three-three" structure, balancing large enterprises, specialized farms, and medium-sized family farms to better withstand market cycles [15].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the pig farming industry is expected to accelerate capacity reduction due to changes in fundamentals and policy guidance, leading to a short-term decline in profitability and the elimination of inefficient capacity [1] - The "anti-involution" policy will further drive the reduction of breeding sow inventory, with a target to reduce 1 million breeding sows within six months [1] - By the first half of 2025, an increase in pig supply is anticipated to cause a slight year-on-year decline in pig prices, but the industry is expected to improve performance through "volume compensating price" strategies and cost reduction [1] Group 2 - The industry is entering a phase of stable and high-quality development, with expectations for an increase in the profitability baseline and stability, leading to improved cash flow and reduced debt ratios for leading pig farming companies [1] - The livestock ETF (159865) tracks the CSI Livestock Index (930707), which reflects the overall performance of listed companies involved in livestock farming and feed processing [1] - Investors without stock accounts can consider the Guotai CSI Livestock Farming ETF Connect A (012724) and Connect C (012725) [1]