增加地方自主财力正成为新一轮财税改革的重点。 近期公布的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》在部署财政工作时，要 求"增加地方自主财力"。 地方自主财力是一个比较新的说法。去年7月份党的二十届三中全会首次提出"增加地方自主财力，拓展 地方税源，适当扩大地方税收管理权限"。 对于究竟什么是"地方自主财力"，西南财经大学财政税务学院院长李建军教授对第一财经表示，"地方 财力"是地方政府能够使用的全部财政资金总和，而"地方自主财力"是地方财力中地方可自主调配的部 分，比如增值税等中央与地方共享税种中的地方分成部分，房产税等归属于地方税种，以及归属于地方 的非税收入，包含各类收费、土地出让收入等。 那么，为何要增加地方自主财力？国家在增加地方自主财力方面究竟有哪些动作？未来还会有哪些改革 举措？第一财经记者近日采访多方专家，以帮助大家清晰了解这一财税改革重点。 核心是"自主" 财政部11月份公开文件称，今年上半年统筹考虑央地收入划分、征管能力等因素，加快推进部分品目消 费税征收环节后移并下划地方改革。 "像中央对地方专项转移支付收入，它属于地方财力，但由于有指定用途，就不属于地方自主财力。中 ...

Core Views - The article emphasizes the importance of a sound macroeconomic governance system and effective government management as intrinsic requirements for leveraging the advantages of the socialist market economy system [1][2][3] Macroeconomic Governance System - The governance system should be closely coordinated with policies on employment, industry, investment, consumption, environmental protection, and regional development to ensure high-quality and sustainable economic growth [1][2] - The central government has made significant innovations in macroeconomic regulation theory and practice, focusing on expanding domestic demand and enhancing the foundational role of consumption in economic development [1][2] Government and Market Relationship - The relationship between an effective market and a proactive government is a core issue in China's economic reform, with the need for the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation while the government addresses market failures [3][4] - The article outlines the evolution of the understanding of the government-market relationship, highlighting the shift from a focus on the market's basic role to its decisive role in resource allocation [4] Enhancing Governance Efficiency - Improving the macroeconomic governance system requires precise delineation of government and market responsibilities, modernization of government governance capabilities, and the establishment of a collaborative mechanism to reflect market demands [5][6] - The article stresses the need for a comprehensive macro-control system that can flexibly respond to internal and external economic risks, ensuring the stability of economic operations [7][8] Fiscal and Financial Policy Reforms - Fiscal and financial policies are crucial tools for connecting government macro-control with micro resource allocation, and reforms in these areas are essential for enhancing macroeconomic governance efficiency [9][10] - The article suggests focusing on improving fiscal resource management, optimizing the tax system, and clarifying the fiscal relationship between central and local governments to ensure sustainable fiscal operations [10][11] Consistency in Macroeconomic Policies - The need for consistent macroeconomic policy orientation is highlighted as a practical measure for promoting high-quality development, especially in the face of external uncertainties and domestic economic pressures [13][14] - The article advocates for a systematic approach to policy coordination, ensuring that economic policies align with actual development needs and are effectively communicated to stakeholders [15][16]

Group 1 - The international seminar on "Digital Economy Tax Governance under the New Development Blueprint for 2025" was held in Beijing, focusing on the integration of digital economy and tax governance [1] - The seminar emphasized the need for a scientific, fair, and efficient digital tax governance system to support the stable development of the digital economy [1] - Key representatives from various government departments and academic institutions discussed the challenges and opportunities in tax governance brought by the digital economy [1][2] Group 2 - Zhang Zhiyong proposed a simplified and inclusive multilateral solution for cross-border service taxation, aiming to balance tax administration efficiency and the interests of source countries [2] - The importance of optimizing tax policies and enhancing international tax management was highlighted as essential for advancing China's modernization [2] - The development of low-altitude economy, supported by digital infrastructure, is seen as a new opportunity for tax governance [2] Group 3 - The significance of AI computing power as a core strategic resource was discussed, with recommendations for optimizing tax incentive policies to promote AI innovation [3] - Emphasis was placed on the need for forward-looking research on the long-term impacts of AI on tax systems and the importance of ethical considerations in AI applications [3] Group 4 - Experts from the United States and Canada participated in the seminar, contributing to the international dialogue on tax governance [4]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the Guangzhou Outbound Enterprises Chamber of Commerce aims to enhance collaboration among companies for international expansion, moving beyond traditional product-focused approaches to create a comprehensive outbound industry chain platform [1][2]. Group 1: Chamber Establishment and Objectives - The Guangzhou Outbound Enterprises Chamber of Commerce was officially established with the guidance of the Guangzhou Federation of Industry and Commerce, aiming to gather resources and support enterprises in their international ventures [1]. - The chamber has already gathered over 100 enterprises, including leading manufacturing companies and various professional service providers, to create a comprehensive service platform for outbound trade [1]. Group 2: Government and Institutional Support - The Guangzhou Federation of Industry and Commerce is actively collaborating with various government departments to integrate resources and promote the establishment of the RCEP service station within the chamber [2]. - The chamber plans to launch a "Outbound Ferry" service brand, conducting multiple policy interpretation and training events, attracting over 600 participants [2]. Group 3: Service Innovations and Initiatives - The chamber announced several innovative service projects, including a strategic cooperation agreement with a media company to promote Guangzhou's private enterprise brands internationally [2]. - A one-stop foreign trade comprehensive service digital platform named "Trade Link" was launched, along with a legal service manual to support outbound enterprises throughout their entire journey [3]. Group 4: Industry-Specific Initiatives - The chamber's first industry-specific committee, focusing on the home furnishing sector, was established to facilitate resource integration and promote collective development among enterprises [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the implementation of an active fiscal policy in China to support stable economic operations, with a focus on increasing government spending despite a slight decline in revenue [2][12] - In the first five months of 2025, the general public budget expenditure reached 11.3 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 4.2%, with a completion rate of 37.4%, which is close to the average of the past five years [8][9] - The broad fiscal expenditure is projected to be 14.5 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of approximately 6.6%, while the revenue is expected to be 11.2 trillion yuan, showing a decline of about 1.3% [2][3] Group 2 - The general public budget revenue for the first five months was 9.7 trillion yuan, a slight decrease of 0.3% year-on-year, with tax revenue declining by 1.6% to 7.9 trillion yuan [3][4] - Non-tax revenue increased by 6.2% to 1.7 trillion yuan, although it experienced a decline in May compared to the same month last year, marking the first negative growth in 2024 [4][6] - Government bond issuance accelerated, with 6.29 trillion yuan issued in the first five months, a year-on-year increase of 38.5%, to support fiscal spending [8][12] Group 3 - The government is focusing on social welfare, education, and health, with social security and employment spending reaching 2 trillion yuan, a growth of 9.2%, and education spending at 1.7 trillion yuan, up 6.7% [9][12] - The local government fund revenue, primarily from land sales, declined by 6.9% to 15.48 billion yuan, with land use rights revenue dropping by 11.9% to 11.28 billion yuan [7][8] - The fiscal deficit for the first five months was approximately 3.3 trillion yuan, indicating a deficit rate of 2.4%, which is higher than most levels in the past five years [12][13]