2025 年 9 月 29 日 招银国际环球市场 |宏观策略 | 大类资产配置 第四季度策略 Market Strategy - 更加均衡 更加均衡 第四季度看多股票、商品和非美货币，看空债券和美元，建议资产组合和区域 配置更加均衡。美国经济小幅滞涨，白宫对美联储干预和美联储降息令收益率 曲线陡峭化，利空美元与美债，利好股票与商品。欧元区经济好于预期，通胀 止跌走平，国债收益率回升。英国经济放缓，通胀居高，利率远期有下降空 间。日本经济放缓，通胀回落，但加息可能延续。中国经济弱复苏，通缩可能 改善，国债收益率回升。 资料来源：彭博，招银国际环球市场 0 10 20 30 40 50 美元货基 英镑货基 欧元货基 日元货基 人民币货基 全球投资级债 美国投资级债 美国高收益债 其他投资级债 新兴市场债 MSCI全球 MSCI美国 MSCI英国 MSCI欧元区 MSCI日本 MSCI中国 黄金 比特币 铜 原油 2025YTD收益(%) 商品 股票 债券 货基 图 1: 年初以来各大类资产收益(美元计价) 叶丙南, Ph.D (852) 3761 8967 yebingnan@cmbi.com.hk 刘泽晖 (8 ...

Core Viewpoint - The bond market is experiencing slight differentiation in performance, with economic data having minimal impact on market movements. The overall environment has not shown a significant turning point, leading to expectations of narrow fluctuations in the bond market in the short term [1][9]. Market Performance - Government bond futures closed mostly higher, with the 30-year main contract up 0.19% at 121.090, the 10-year main contract up 0.05% at 109.050, and the 5-year main contract up 0.03% at 106.160. The 2-year main contract remained flat at 102.464 [2]. - The yield on major interbank bonds generally rose slightly, with the 30-year government bond yield increasing by 0.25 basis points to 1.8635%, and the 10-year government bond yield rising by 0.3 basis points to 1.646% [2]. Overseas Market Trends - In North America, U.S. Treasury yields rose across the board, with the 10-year yield increasing by 2.38 basis points to 4.401% [3]. - In Asia, Japanese bond yields, except for ultra-long maturities, generally increased, with the 10-year yield rising by 0.9 basis points to 1.498% [4]. Primary Market Activity - Gansu Province's local bond auction results showed bid multiples exceeding 26 times, with the 20-year bond yielding 2.04% and the 10-year bond yielding 1.74% [5]. - Jilin Province's local bond auction also had bid multiples over 26 times, with the 7-year bond yielding 1.65% [5]. Funding Conditions - The central bank conducted a 755 billion yuan reverse repo operation at a rate of 1.40%, resulting in a net withdrawal of 230 billion yuan for the day [6]. - Shibor rates showed mixed performance, with the overnight rate rising by 0.1 basis points to 1.313% and the 7-day rate increasing by 0.9 basis points to 1.464% [6]. Economic Indicators - June CPI rose by 0.1% year-on-year, marking a shift from four consecutive months of decline, while PPI fell by 3.6% year-on-year [7][8]. - The increase in CPI was primarily driven by a reduction in the decline of industrial consumer goods prices, which narrowed from a 1.0% drop to 0.5% [8]. Institutional Insights - Citic Securities noted a certain degree of preemptive positioning in the bond market, with overall trading density decreasing compared to June. The market lacks short-term catalysts, and the potential for rate declines may be limited [9]. - Huatai Fixed Income suggested a slightly bullish outlook for the bond market, although the space for growth is limited due to low credit spreads [9].

Group 1 - The Australian dollar (AUD) is expected to strengthen if the US government announces more trade agreements, potentially reaching a resistance level of 0.6700 against the USD, while negative news could lead to a decline towards a support level around 0.6428 [1] - The market anticipates a 92% probability of the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) cutting interest rates in July, following moderate inflation data from May [1] - Citigroup analysts noted that the yield spread of Eurozone government bonds shows resilience amid geopolitical tensions, indicating stable market performance despite uncertainties [1] Group 2 - ANZ's survey indicates that New Zealand businesses showed increased confidence in June, with 46.3% expecting economic improvement over the next year, up from 36.6% in May [2] - Despite the rise in confidence, the actual operating conditions for businesses remain weak, highlighting a disparity between sentiment and reality [2] - Barclays reported an increase in risk premium for dollar-denominated assets in the first half of the year due to US policy volatility, while US Treasury yields are expected to potentially exceed 5% [2] Group 3 - The UK economy experienced a 0.7% growth in Q1 2025, driven mainly by business investment and net trade, but this growth may not be sustainable [3] - A significant drop of over 30% in UK exports to the US in April indicates weakening external demand, particularly from the US market [3] - Concerns about the impact of tariffs on US prices and inflation expectations are rising, with the Federal Reserve's upcoming consumer price report being crucial for future monetary policy direction [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report is that the yield spread of Eurozone bonds is expected to narrow by the end of the year despite current geopolitical tensions [1] - Citi's strategists predict that the yield spread between 10-year Spanish and German bonds will decrease from 64 basis points to 50 basis points [1] - The yield spread between 10-year Italian bonds and German bonds is anticipated to narrow from 89 basis points to 75 basis points [1] Group 2 - The positive outlook is supported by Germany's recent announcement of a fiscal stimulus plan [1] - There remains risk ahead of the upcoming tariff deadline on July 9, but the overall sentiment is optimistic [1]

Core Viewpoint - Morgan Stanley's research indicates that the spread of Eurozone government bonds is currently in a tight balance, with limited potential for significant further narrowing [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Market Conditions - The current valuation of Eurozone bonds has reached the highest level since the Lehman Brothers collapse, suggesting limited room for significant narrowing of spreads [1] - The short-term outlook is more optimistic, as cross-asset comparisons do not present significant challenges, and a positive fundamental environment supports peripheral countries [1] Investment Strategy - The company maintains a long position in Spanish bonds compared to Belgian bonds in the long term [1] - In the short term, the strategy includes tactically going long on Greek bonds while shorting German bonds [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve is adopting a cautious approach to interest rate cuts due to high uncertainty and inflation risks, indicating potential challenges ahead [1] Group 1: Federal Reserve and Interest Rates - The Federal Reserve's meeting minutes highlight a consensus on the risks of inflation, suggesting that rate cuts may be difficult [1] - The expectation for rate cuts has been pushed back to September or December due to concerns over consumer inflation driven by tariffs [1] Group 2: Global Central Bank Actions - The European Central Bank (ECB) cut rates by 25 basis points in April, with expectations for further cuts later in the year [1] - The Bank of England reduced its key rate to 4.25% in May, with market expectations for only one more cut by the end of the year [1] - The Bank of Japan is anticipated to raise rates around July, following a recent increase to 0.5% [1] Group 3: Bond Market Dynamics - The 5-year U.S. Treasury auction showed strong overseas demand, reaching a historical high [1] - The upcoming maturity of U.S. Treasury bonds, totaling $1.2 trillion and $1.46 trillion in June and July respectively, may lead to liquidity shocks [1] - Japan's 40-year bond auction saw a bidding ratio at its lowest since July 2024, although results were better than the previous week [1] Group 4: Precious Metals Investment Outlook - Due to the cautious stance of the Federal Reserve and geopolitical risks, precious metal prices may experience fluctuations, with potential for recovery after initial declines [1] - Investors are advised to consider long positions during market pullbacks, paying attention to support and resistance levels for various commodities [1]

Group 1 - Eurozone government bond yields continued to decline following Trump's announcement of tariff measures [1] - The yield on Germany's 10-year government bonds fell by 8.5 basis points to 2.55% [1]

Core Viewpoint - The bond market showed slight recovery on May 8, with government bond futures generally rising and interbank bond yields mostly falling by around 1 basis point, indicating a response to recent monetary policy support measures [1][2]. Monetary Policy - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) announced a 0.5 percentage point reduction in the reserve requirement ratio, expected to provide approximately 1 trillion yuan in long-term liquidity [7]. - The PBOC also lowered the policy interest rate by 0.1 percentage points, reducing the 7-day reverse repurchase rate from 1.5% to 1.4%, which is anticipated to lead to a similar decrease in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) [7]. Market Performance - On May 8, government bond futures closed higher across the board, with the 30-year main contract rising by 0.26% to 120.430, and the 10-year main contract increasing by 0.17% to 109.060 [2]. - The interbank bond yields saw a general decline, with the 10-year government bond yield dropping by 0.5 basis points to 1.63% [2]. International Market Trends - In North America, U.S. Treasury yields fell across the board, with the 10-year yield decreasing by 2.32 basis points to 4.2694% [3]. - In the Eurozone, yields on 10-year government bonds also declined, with France's yield down by 6.4 basis points to 3.192% [3]. Institutional Insights - Institutions like CICC and Guosen Securities view the recent rate cuts as beneficial for the bond market, suggesting that short-term interest rates have more room to decline, which will also pull down long-term rates [8]. - The overall sentiment indicates that the recent monetary policy adjustments are seen as the beginning of a broader easing cycle rather than an end, with expectations for further declines in interest rates [8].