【文/观察者网 潘昱辰 编辑/高莘】1月7日，通用汽车在一份监管申报文件中披露，去年第四季度由于 电动汽车转型和对中国市场的业务重组，导致多达70亿美元（约合人民币488.8亿元）亏损。 消息披露后，通用汽车股价在盘后交易中下跌了1.9%。 其中由于电动汽车转型受阻，加之消费者对电动汽车需求的急剧下降，通用汽车预计将遭受60亿美元 （约合人民币419亿元）的损失，而与中国业务重组相关的服务费用也达到11亿美元（约合人民币76.8 亿元）。 2025年，在特朗普政府取消7500美元的电动汽车消费者税收抵免后，美国电动汽车销量在2025年第四季 度急剧下滑。同时，政府还试图撤销旨在遏制汽车排放的法规。因此，通用汽车去年下半年的电动汽车 销量下降了43%。去年10月通用汽车还表示，将承担16亿美元（约合人民币111.7亿元）的成本以缩减 电动汽车生产规模，并预计将报告更多费用。 本文系观察者网独家稿件，未经授权，不得转载。 通用汽车在文件中表示，随着消费者税收激励措施的终止以及排放法规严格性的降低，2025年北美地区 电动汽车的消费者需求开始放缓，因此通用汽车主动减少了电动汽车的产能。 通用汽车预计，2026年将确 ...

Core Viewpoint - Ford Motor Company announced a significant strategic shift, recognizing the inability to achieve its electric vehicle ambitions in the short term, leading to a pre-tax charge of approximately $19.5 billion primarily related to its electric vehicle business [1] Group 1: Strategic Shift - Ford plans to pivot from a full electric vehicle strategy to focus on hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles, while also strengthening its traditional gasoline vehicle lineup [1][2] - The company will discontinue the production of the all-electric F-150 Lightning pickup truck and other electric models, retaining only a low-cost electric pickup planned for 2027 [2] - Ford's Model e electric vehicle division is projected to incur a loss of $5.1 billion in 2024 and $3.6 billion in the first three quarters of 2025, with a goal to achieve profitability in the electric vehicle business by 2029 [2] Group 2: Financial Implications - The $19.5 billion charge includes $12.5 billion to be recorded in Q4 for streamlining electric vehicle assets, with $3 billion allocated for terminating a battery joint venture with SK Group [2] - Despite the substantial charge, Ford raised its full-year financial guidance, expecting adjusted EBIT of $7 billion, up from a previous forecast of $6 billion to $6.5 billion [6] Group 3: Market and Regulatory Environment - The shift reflects pressures from changing regulatory environments and weak market demand, with consumers expressing concerns over high prices, range anxiety, and insufficient charging infrastructure [1][2] - The company acknowledges a clearer understanding of the U.S. market, opting to reallocate capital from electric vehicles to more profitable models [1] Group 4: Industry Trends - Ford's strategic change signals a broader trend in the U.S. automotive industry, with General Motors also abandoning its plan for a fully electric lineup by 2035 and facing significant write-downs on electric vehicle assets [4] - Other automakers are repurposing electric vehicle battery factories for fixed energy storage solutions, indicating a shift in focus towards more profitable markets [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Los Angeles Auto Show, despite being the oldest and largest auto exhibition in the U.S., has received criticism for lacking innovative electric vehicle (EV) offerings and failing to attract major European automakers, leading to a perception of stagnation in the American automotive market [1][4][5]. Group 1: Event Overview - The Los Angeles Auto Show concluded on November 29, 2023, but was met with disappointment from both consumers and media, echoing sentiments from previous years [1][4]. - The event was overshadowed by the upcoming Tokyo Auto Show and SEMA aftermarket show, with many manufacturers focusing their efforts elsewhere [4][5]. Group 2: Participation and Offerings - Only American companies like Rivian, Lucid, and Tesla showcased new models, while Japanese and Korean manufacturers presented a diverse range of products [7]. - Notable electric vehicles displayed included the 2026 Nissan Leaf with a range of 487 km, Chevrolet Bolt with 410 km, and Jeep Recon with 370 km [9]. - Rivian and Lucid introduced models priced at $77,000 and $80,000 respectively, with ranges of 659 km and 724 km [11]. Group 3: Market Trends and Challenges - The U.S. electric vehicle market experienced a temporary surge in Q3 2023, particularly in California, but this growth did not translate into long-term stability [12]. - Following the cancellation of EV tax incentives by the Trump administration, the market share of electric vehicles dropped significantly from 12.9% in September to 5.2% in October [12]. - Major automakers like Acura, Ford, and GM have announced plans to halt production of certain EV models and cancel new development projects, reflecting uncertainty in future product strategies [12][14]. Group 4: Industry Sentiment - The hesitance of U.S. automakers to fully commit to electric vehicle production is evident, with many companies still focusing on traditional fuel models while exploring hybrid options [14]. - Media reports highlight a conflicting narrative regarding the future of electric vehicles in the U.S., oscillating between optimism and caution [16].

Domestic News - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments have adjusted the technical requirements for the exemption of vehicle purchase tax for new energy vehicles from 2026 to 2027, notably increasing the electric range requirement for plug-in hybrid vehicles from 43 km to no less than 100 km [3] - During the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holiday, the charging volume for new energy vehicles on highways exceeded 1.2 billion kWh, with a total of 5.169 million charging sessions, marking a historical high and a 45.73% increase compared to last year's holiday [4] - NIO announced the launch of the World Model 2.0 version, which will enhance its spatial-temporal cognitive abilities and incorporate language for open interaction [5] - Avita has completed a payment of 11.5 billion yuan to Huawei for a 10% stake in the company, marking a deepening of their strategic cooperation [6] - Li Auto has surpassed 3,400 supercharging stations across 269 cities in China, expanding its network significantly [8] - Seres' subsidiary signed a cooperation framework agreement with Volcano Engine to enhance intelligent decision-making and control technologies in the automotive industry [9] - Avita joined the "Brand Strong Country Project" with CCTV, aiming to enhance its global brand influence and plans to launch 17 new models by 2030 [10] - Maersk and CATL signed a global strategic cooperation agreement to promote low-carbon transformation in the global supply chain [11] International News - Germany is set to introduce a 3 billion euro electric vehicle incentive program, effective until 2029, to support its struggling automotive manufacturers [12] - Ferrari plans to launch over ten new models between 2026 and 2030, with 60% of its lineup expected to be electrified by 2030 [13] - General Motors has released a new version of the Chevrolet Bolt, featuring an upgraded battery system and a competitive price point, making it one of the most affordable electric vehicles in the U.S. market [14] - Lyft has partnered with Tensor for autonomous vehicle collaboration, reserving hundreds of Tensor's Robocar for its fleet operations [16] Commercial Vehicles - The Eura H series was launched in the Yangtze River Delta region, focusing on cold chain logistics solutions [17] - Zhongtong unveiled the H12E-Plus and N12D electric buses at the World Bus Expo, attracting significant attention [18] - Daimler Trucks reported third-quarter sales of 98,009 vehicles, with a notable increase in electric vehicle sales to 1,833 units [19] - The first unit of the ZF Transmissions second-generation bus transmission was delivered, marking a significant step towards automatic transmission in long-distance buses [21]

Core Insights - The article discusses the intensifying price war in the electric vehicle (EV) market following the expiration of the $7,500 EV purchase subsidy in the U.S. at the end of September. General Motors (GM) is set to launch a new Chevrolet Bolt EV with the lowest pricing in the U.S. market, aiming to compete with Tesla's recent price cuts on the Model 3/Y [1][4]. Group 1: Pricing and Competition - The new Chevrolet Bolt will have a starting price of approximately $32,000 for the RS Sport version and $29,990 for the LT Comfort version, with the base LT version expected to start at $28,955. These prices include about $1,000 in shipping fees, representing the total cost to consumers [1]. - Nissan's 2026 Leaf model is positioned to challenge the Bolt's pricing, starting at $29,990 (excluding $1,495 shipping). Ford is also reportedly developing an electric pickup truck priced around $30,000 [3]. Group 2: Product Features and Upgrades - The new Bolt will utilize a 65 kWh lithium iron phosphate battery supplied by CATL, marking a significant upgrade from the previous generation's LG battery cells. GM's Ultium Cells is upgrading its U.S. factories to produce these new batteries [4]. - The new Bolt supports a maximum charging power of 150 kW, allowing for a 10% to 80% charge in just 26 minutes. It is compatible with Tesla's NACS charging interface and can also use the CCS charging network through an adapter [4]. - The new battery provides a range of 255 miles (approximately 410 kilometers). The vehicle is expected to have a 0-60 mph time in the 6-second range, powered by a motor that outputs 210 horsepower [5]. Group 3: Future Plans and Market Positioning - GM has indicated that the new Bolt is a "limited-time return," suggesting potential future plans for entry-level electric vehicles. The company emphasizes maintaining affordability as a core value in its product line [5].

Market Performance - On October 10, US stock indices collectively declined, with the Dow Jones down 0.52%, Nasdaq down 0.08%, and S&P 500 down 0.28% [1] - The Nasdaq Golden Dragon China Index fell by 2.03%, with major Chinese stocks like Xpeng and NIO dropping over 5%, and Alibaba and Li Auto down over 4% [1] - Popular tech stocks showed mixed results, with Oracle up over 3% and Meta up over 2%, while Apple and Google fell over 1% [1] Economic Indicators - The US Bureau of Labor Statistics is reportedly still preparing to release the September CPI data despite the government shutdown [2] - Market expectations indicate a greater than 90% probability of a rate cut by the Federal Reserve in October, following the FOMC's September meeting minutes which showed strong support for a 25 basis point cut [4] Automotive Industry - A price war in the US electric vehicle market has intensified, with General Motors reviving the Chevrolet Bolt at a starting price of $29,000, following Tesla's recent price cuts on its Model 3/Y [5] Robotics Industry - Figure AI has launched its third-generation humanoid robot, Figure 03, capable of performing various household tasks and serving in roles such as hotel front desk and package sorting [6] Currency and Monetary Policy - The Japanese yen has depreciated significantly due to political changes and uncertainties regarding the Bank of Japan's interest rate policies, with analysts attributing the decline to concerns over Japan's fiscal outlook [7]

Core Viewpoint - General Motors (GM) is reducing production at its electric vehicle assembly plant in Tennessee, reflecting a broader trend among automakers in response to changing U.S. policies affecting electric vehicle production [1] Group 1: Production Adjustments - The Tennessee plant will suspend production of two Cadillac electric SUVs, the Lyriq and Vistiq, in December, with significant production cuts planned for the first five months of next year [1] - GM plans to temporarily eliminate one production shift at the plant and indefinitely delay the addition of a second production line at another facility near Kansas City, which was set to begin producing the Chevrolet Bolt electric vehicle later this year [1] Group 2: Market Conditions - The company is adjusting its strategy based on anticipated slowdowns in electric vehicle industry growth and consumer demand, optimizing production by flexibly utilizing both internal combustion engine and electric vehicle capacities [1] - The recent tax and spending legislation passed by the Trump administration has eliminated federal support for electric vehicles, including a 15-year, $7,500 tax credit for purchases, which is set to expire on September 30 [1] - Automotive executives have warned that the loss of this subsidy will likely lead to downward pressure on electric vehicle sales, with GM's CEO previously stating that the tax credit was a significant driver of demand [1]

Core Viewpoint - The recent policy changes proposed by former President Donald Trump to eliminate federal electric vehicle (EV) purchase incentives and relax emission regulations are expected to provide significant financial benefits to traditional automakers in Detroit, allowing them to redirect investments back to fuel-powered vehicles. Group 1: Impact on Traditional Automakers - General Motors (GM) announced a reduction in electric vehicle production plans at two factories and a shift of a third factory to produce fuel-powered pickups instead of electric trucks [1] - Ford is reallocating funds originally intended for a canceled electric SUV to future fuel and hybrid vehicle projects [1] - Stellantis has restarted production of high-consumption Hemi V-8 engines, indicating a shift back to traditional vehicle manufacturing [1] Group 2: Financial Implications - The policy changes could create opportunities worth billions for automakers over the next two years, as stated by Ford's CEO Jim Farley [2] - The proposed fiscal plan includes the termination of a $7,500 tax credit for EV buyers and the elimination of fines for automakers not meeting fuel economy standards, which could save GM and Stellantis significant amounts in regulatory costs [2] - Ford has reduced its regulatory credit purchase commitments by nearly $1.5 billion this year, reallocating those funds to fuel and hybrid vehicle development [1][2] Group 3: Regulatory Changes and Industry Response - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has proposed to withdraw strict greenhouse gas emission regulations, which could lead to a significant reduction in compliance costs for automakers [2] - Critics argue that these regulatory rollbacks undermine efforts to control automotive pollution, which is a major contributor to global warming [3] - Automakers have expressed that previous stringent regulations forced them to produce more plug-in vehicles than the market demanded, indicating a shift in strategy towards fuel-powered vehicles [3] Group 4: Consequences for Electric Vehicle Manufacturers - Electric vehicle manufacturers like Rivian and Tesla are expected to face substantial revenue losses due to the policy changes, with Tesla having earned over $10 billion from selling regulatory credits since 2020 [5] - Rivian anticipates zero revenue from regulatory credit sales for the remainder of the year, significantly impacting its financial outlook [5] - Analysts estimate that about 40% of Tesla's profits could be at risk if unfavorable policies for electric vehicles are implemented [5]

Core Viewpoint - General Motors plans to source batteries from China's CATL for the production of the second-generation Chevrolet Bolt EV, aiming to fill supply chain gaps and ensure smooth production during the transition phase while complementing its long-term strategy of domestic battery manufacturing [1][3]. Group 1: Battery Sourcing and Production Plans - General Motors will procure batteries from CATL for approximately two years until the domestic low-cost battery production with LG Energy Solution begins [3]. - The new Chevrolet Bolt is set to begin production at the Fairfax assembly plant in Kansas by the end of this year, with a market launch planned for 2026, targeting a price point of around $30,000 [3][4]. - This temporary procurement strategy is intended to pave the way for GM's own production of lithium iron phosphate batteries [3]. Group 2: Market Position and Competitiveness - Currently, all 12 electric vehicle models offered by GM are equipped with batteries manufactured in the U.S., ranging from the Chevrolet Equinox EV priced at $35,000 to the Cadillac Celestiq at $340,000 (approximately 2.443 million RMB) [3]. - The new Bolt's pricing could potentially drop to just over $20,000 with a $7,500 subsidy, although this subsidy will be eliminated before the new vehicle's launch [3]. Group 3: Future Production and Competitor Actions - GM's Tennessee plant, in partnership with LG, is undergoing renovations and is expected to start producing lithium iron phosphate batteries by 2027 [4]. - Ford, a competitor of GM, is also collaborating with CATL to establish a new factory in Michigan for the production of lithium iron phosphate batteries for a developing small electric pickup truck [4].

Core Viewpoint - General Motors (GM) plans to source lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries from CATL for the Chevrolet Bolt model, ensuring cost competitiveness for its entry-level electric vehicles by 2027 [1][4]. Group 1: Supply Chain Strategy - GM's decision reflects a strategy of relying on overseas suppliers to address domestic supply chain challenges, despite tariff issues [4]. - The partnership with CATL is a temporary measure to maintain production of the Bolt until GM can manufacture its own LFP batteries in the U.S. [4]. - This collaboration will last for two years, allowing GM to stabilize its electric vehicle supply chain and cost efficiency [4]. Group 2: Industry Trends - Ford is also collaborating with CATL to build a factory in Michigan for LFP batteries, indicating a broader trend among U.S. automakers to enhance their electric vehicle strategies [4]. - CATL has made significant progress in the U.S. market and is expanding its global footprint through partnerships with various international companies [4]. - CATL's long-term contracts for LFP cells with companies like Japan's TDK are aimed at mitigating future price volatility [4].