复杂分子的化学演化并非从头开始，而可能是继承自星际云阶段的化学富集过程。这是由于从高能 原恒星阶段过渡到原行星盘的时间极短，不足以支持复杂分子从头形成，因此分子的继承性成为更可能 的解释。 原标题：原行星盘中发现多种复杂有机分子 这些有机分子最初在寒冷的星际云中形成，通常附着在冰冻尘埃颗粒表面。随着恒星形成过程的推 进，这些分子被包裹在冰层或岩石与尘埃混合物中，难以直接探测。只有当冰层因加热而蒸发，或通过 太空探测器挖掘等方式暴露后，这些分子才可能被观测到。太阳系中的小行星、陨石和彗星已被证实含 有构成DNA和RNA的关键分子，如氨基酸、糖和核碱基。 科技日报讯 （记者张梦然）由德国马克斯·普朗克天文研究所领导的团队，利用阿塔卡马大型毫米/ 亚毫米阵列，在V883猎户座的原行星盘中首次检测到乙二醇和乙醇腈等多种复杂有机分子。这些分子 被认为是生命基本成分的前体，为探索生命起源的宇宙路径提供了重要线索。研究结果发表在最新一期 《天体物理学杂志快报》上。 这项研究不仅揭示了恒星和行星系统中复杂有机分子的分布和演化，也进一步表明生命的化学前体 可能广泛存在于宇宙中，而非局限于地球或太阳系。 V883猎户座正处于恒星 ...

Core Insights - The research team led by Professor Li Tingliang from Shanxi Agricultural University has developed a new agricultural technology that significantly increases wheat yields in arid regions by approximately 50% through the use of organic fertilizers and sunshade measures [1][2] Group 1: Technology and Implementation - The innovative technology, named "Drought Wheat Summer Fallow Organic Compound Soil Improvement and Year-Round Coverage Water Conservation Yield Increase Technology," has been successfully applied in demonstration fields, achieving a wheat yield of 288 kg per mu, compared to the traditional rain-fed wheat yield of 200 kg per mu [1] - The technology involves applying specific organic compound fertilizers after wheat harvest, deep plowing the soil to mix straw and residues, and using shade nets to cover the ground [2] - In trial fields in the Jin Nan region, wheat yields reached 353 kg per mu, significantly higher than traditional methods, demonstrating the effectiveness of the technology [2] Group 2: Regional Context and Challenges - The Loess Plateau region experiences limited annual rainfall of about 500 mm, primarily concentrated from July to September, with only 20% to 50% of precipitation being utilized by plants due to high evaporation rates [1] - The main challenge for stable and high crop yields in the Loess Plateau is insufficient water, as the water-intensive growth period of winter wheat does not align with the local rainfall season [1] - Effective water collection and conversion into soil moisture before sowing is crucial for achieving high yields in drought-prone wheat cultivation [1]

受试者在加热15分钟内开始出汗，汗水从毛孔中不断渗出并蒸发，形成一个循环。不同于传统认知 中的半球状水珠，汗液表现为几乎平坦的液面，它们在毛孔中聚集，随后缓慢溢出，与邻近毛孔渗出的 汗液汇合，最终在皮肤表面形成连续的汗液薄膜。 这些汗液会先渗透皮肤最外层的角质层，待其完全浸湿后才开始在皮肤表面积聚。当受试者降温 时，这层汗膜迅速蒸发，并留下一层薄薄的盐分。 研究还发现，在第二次加热过程中，汗液的出现比首次更迅速。这是由于第一次出汗后在皮肤表面 形成的盐层加快了汗液渗透角质层的速度，使得第二轮汗液直接以液膜形式覆盖皮肤，绕过了"滴落成 珠"的阶段。 对汗液生成机制的深入了解，有助于开发更高效的排汗材料、功能性服装以及皮肤护理产品，同时 也为应对极端高温环境中的体温调节和皮肤健康管理提供新思路。（记者张佳欣） 原标题：新研究改写出汗机制传统认知 美国亚利桑那州立大学一项发表在《英国皇家学会界面期刊》的最新研究显示，汗液并非以人们熟 知的水珠形式出现，而是以膜状从毛孔中缓缓上涌，并在皮肤表面汇聚成片。这一发现改写了人们对出 汗机制的传统认知。 以往的研究多认为，汗液从毛孔中排出后会自然形成半球状的小水珠。新研究显示 ...

Core Insights - Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, particularly brain chips, is transitioning from experimental to practical applications, with significant advancements being made in the field [1][2][4] - Companies like Neuralink, founded by Elon Musk, are leading the charge in BCI technology, with successful human trials demonstrating the potential for enhanced independence for users [1][2] - Various companies are competing in the BCI space, each employing different technological approaches, indicating a rapidly evolving landscape [2][3] Group 1: Technological Advancements - Neuralink has successfully implanted brain chips in seven subjects, enabling them to perform tasks such as email management and academic research [1] - Paradromics has achieved a breakthrough with a brain chip featuring 1,600 electrodes, surpassing Neuralink's 1,024 electrodes, showcasing a technical advantage [2] - A collaboration among prestigious universities has led to a voice synthesis system that converts brain signals directly into natural speech, enhancing communication for patients with speech impairments [3] Group 2: Competitive Landscape - Companies like Precision Neuroscience and Synchron are exploring alternative methods for brain chip implantation, such as non-invasive techniques and vascular electrode implantation [2] - The competition is intensifying, with significant financial backing from high-profile investors like Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates for companies like Synchron [2] Group 3: Challenges and Considerations - Despite advancements, BCI technology faces challenges in achieving natural communication and improving the accuracy of voice decoding systems, with a reported 43.75% word error rate [4] - Ethical considerations and the need for robust privacy and security measures for neural data are critical as the technology progresses [5]

Core Viewpoint - The recent heavy rainfall in northern China, particularly in Beijing and Hebei, is attributed to abnormal atmospheric circulation patterns, with the subtropical high pressure system playing a significant role in the early onset of the rainy season [1][3]. Group 1: Weather Patterns and Impacts - The subtropical high pressure has shifted northward, leading to an influx of warm, moist air into northern China, which has resulted in extreme rainfall events [1][2]. - The average rainfall in the North China region has reached 121 mm, which is nearly 30% higher than the historical average for the same period [2]. - The rainy season in North China began on July 5, 13 days earlier than the historical average, marking the earliest start since 1961 [2][3]. Group 2: Typhoon Influence - Typhoon "Zhu Jie Cao" has been reclassified and is expected to impact eastern China significantly, with strong winds and heavy rainfall predicted in several regions [4]. - The typhoon indirectly affects the rainfall patterns in northern China by altering the atmospheric circulation, which influences the subtropical high pressure's position and intensity [4]. Group 3: Future Weather Forecast - A strong rainfall event is anticipated in northern China, with warnings issued for potential mountain floods and geological disasters due to cumulative rainfall effects [5]. - The overall precipitation trend is expected to weaken, but localized heavy rainfall may still occur [5].

"'大规模盐穴储氢'主体工程的开工，是我国氢能产业发展史上的重要事件。"国家能源局科技司原副司长刘亚芳在开工仪式上评价，该项目填补了我国 大规模盐穴储氢领域的空白，同时将为破解氢能气态储存领域的"卡脖子"技术难题提供实践样本。 "大规模盐穴储氢"主体工程正式开工。科技日报记者 刘园园 摄 "大规模盐穴储氢"项目由中盐集团和清华大学合作，联合中国地质大学（北京）、中国科学院理化技术研究所、天津大学、中国矿业大学等多家单位共 同开展。该项目将形成具有自主知识产权的盐穴储氢全套技术体系，以推动盐穴储氢的规模化产业应用。 "储"是氢能产业发展的关键一环。作为全球最大的制氢国，我国在储氢环节仍存在补短板需求。 7月25日，由中盐集团与清华大学等单位合作的"大规模盐穴储氢"主体工程在江苏常州正式开工建设。这标志着我国在基于盐穴的大规模储氢领域迈出 了关键一步。 据悉，目前全国已投入使用的盐穴储气库中，中盐集团参与建设的数量达94％，这些储气库在我国天然气市场发挥了重要的调蓄和保障功能。"在此基 础上，我们积极探索盐穴在储能、储氢、储氦、液流电池等更多赛道、更广领域的应用，努力构建盐穴'多能并储'新格局。"李耀强表示。 " ...

Core Insights - The hydrogen energy industry in Shaanxi is rapidly developing, with over 100 hydrogen enterprises established, and the total industry output value expected to exceed 4 billion yuan this year [1] - The first fully automated hydrogen fuel cell stack production line in Northwest China has been launched, enabling domestic production of hydrogen fuel cell stacks that were previously monopolized by foreign companies [2] - Significant cost reductions in hydrogen storage and transportation have been achieved, with new technology lowering the cost from 23.3 yuan per kilogram to below 11 yuan [3] Industry Development - The "14th Five-Year Plan" for hydrogen energy industry development in Shaanxi is being implemented, promoting large-scale demonstration applications of hydrogen energy in various sectors such as public transport and logistics [4] - The first hydrogen energy bus line in Shaanxi has been launched, showcasing the practical application of hydrogen energy in public transportation [5] - Hydrogen-powered assistive bikes are being used in tourist areas, demonstrating the versatility of hydrogen energy applications [6] Ecosystem Construction - A complete hydrogen energy industry chain is being established in the Yulin High-tech Zone, integrating hydrogen production, storage, refueling, and application [7] - The first international joint laboratory for hydrogen energy in Shaanxi has been established, focusing on new hydrogen storage materials and AI-assisted design [7] - The strategic layout of "one core leading, two axes connecting, and three centers supporting" is being implemented to strengthen the hydrogen energy industry in Shaanxi [8][9] Future Projections - By 2025, Shaanxi aims to achieve an annual high-purity hydrogen production capacity of 50,000 tons, with over 200 hydrogen enterprises and a core component output value of around 1 billion yuan [11] - By 2030, a comprehensive hydrogen energy technology innovation system and green hydrogen preparation and supply system are expected to be established, supporting carbon peak goals [11]

Group 1 - The industrial and information technology sectors in China showed a positive development trend in the first half of 2025, characterized by stability, innovation, and quality improvement [1][2] - The total industrial added value increased by 6.4% year-on-year, with the manufacturing added value accounting for 25.7% of GDP, indicating strong resilience [1] - The number of large-scale industrial enterprises reached 520,000, an increase of over 8,000 compared to the end of last year, and profits in the manufacturing sector grew by 5.4% year-on-year [1] Group 2 - The integration of technological and industrial innovation accelerated, with industrial robot production increasing by 35.6% and service robot production by 25.5% year-on-year [1] - Nearly 410,000 technology contracts were registered nationwide, with a transaction value exceeding 3 trillion yuan, reflecting a 14.2% year-on-year growth [1] - The construction of industrial innovation platforms continued, with 33 national manufacturing innovation centers established by the end of June [1] Group 3 - The pace of industrial transformation and upgrading accelerated, with the added value of large-scale equipment manufacturing contributing 3.4 percentage points to overall industrial growth, accounting for 35.5% of total industrial output [2] - The added value of high-tech manufacturing increased by 9.5% year-on-year, contributing 23.3% to overall industrial growth [2] - Green factories accounted for over 20% of total manufacturing output, and energy consumption per unit of industrial added value continued to decline [2] Group 4 - Digital transformation efforts were enhanced, with 26 pilot cities identified for new manufacturing technology upgrades and support for 35 additional cities for small and medium-sized enterprise digital transformation [2] - The penetration rate of digital R&D tools in large-scale light industry enterprises reached 86.2%, while the digital management penetration rate was 82.3% [2]

7月25日，记者从中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院获悉，该院定量合成生物学全国重点实验室钟超 团队与上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院烧伤整形科刘琰团队开展联合攻关，成功研发出一款基于生物 纤维素的新型止血敷料T-BC，为烧伤及复杂创伤治疗提供了全新的材料解决策略。相关研究成果发表 在《先进材料》上。 临床烧伤清创术中的出血控制一直存在挑战。传统电凝止血虽有效，但存在热损伤周围组织的风险 且操作效率低；而常用止血剂则普遍存在换药时易引发再出血、贴附性差和机械强度不足等问题。针对 这些痛点，研究团队创造性地采用合成生物学技术，将重组人源凝血酶通过特异的纤维素与结构域精准 结合，并将其锚定在生物纤维素基体上，构建出兼具止血与促愈合功能的一体化敷料T-BC。该敷料通 过促进新血管形成、调控炎症反应和重建皮肤组织结构三重协同作用，在分子层面实现了对伤口修复过 程的多方位调控，从而显著加速愈合进程。 在大鼠肝脏切口模型中，该敷料能在1分钟内实现快速止血。在模拟深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的大鼠实验 中，使用T-BC进行治疗的实验组，5天后伤口愈合率较对照组提高了约40%。 此外，该研究采用生物分子自组装技术，仅需通过温和的蛋白溶液浸泡即可实 ...

"为了解决这些难题，中国科学院系统内多家研究所组成研发团队，开展体系化研究，推动'AI+科 学'研究向平台化、体系化转变，成功打造了磐石·科学基础大模型。"中国科学院科技基础能力局副局 长、中国科学院自动化研究所副所长曾大军介绍，该模型就像一个跨学科的"智能操作系统"，可统一管 理数据和模型等资源，调度计算仿真等各类工具，深度赋能"假设提出—方案规划—仿真推演—实验验 证—规律发现"的科研全流程。 "AI+科学"成为新趋势，为解决重大科技难题带来了前所未有的机遇。7月26日，在2025世界人工 智能大会上，中国科学院正式发布磐石·科学基础大模型。该模型是一个专门为科研打造的智能平台， 由专业科学知识和数据训练而成，能深入理解波、谱、场等各种科学数据，并具备深度文献分析、科学 知识推理和科研工具编排能力。 "AI+科学"研究常用两种方式：用专业数据微调通用模型，或自建单一领域专用工具。这带来了科 学数据不互通、专业推理能力不够以及研发生态封闭三大难题。 "目前，磐石·科学基础大模型已经在多个学科领域进行了深入应用，大幅加速了科研进程。"曾大 军举例说，在高能物理领域，北京正负电子对撞机的研究人员依托磐石·科学基 ...