2026 年 1 月 7 日消息，美国共和党参议员林赛・格雷厄姆周三透露，总统特朗普已 "绿灯放行" 一项针 对与俄罗斯有商业往来国家的两党制裁法案，该法案最快将于下周在国会进行投票。 此前，国会参众两院领导人一直未将该法案提付表决，因特朗普更倾向于对印度等国加征进口关税。一 名美国官员曾于 11 月透露，特朗普虽同意签署法案，但要求明确保留其对制裁的控制权。 当前，乌克兰危机相关和谈自去年 11 月以来加速推进，美国周二已联合乌克兰盟友承诺提供安全保 障。不过，俄罗斯方面尚未表现出让步意愿，也未公开表示接受相关和平协议。格雷厄姆表示，期待下 周法案能获得两党强烈支持并通过表决。 据悉，这项法案由格雷厄姆联合共和党与民主党议员筹备数月，核心是因俄罗斯未与乌克兰达成和平协 议，拟对购买俄罗斯能源等相关贸易伙伴实施制裁。格雷厄姆明确表示，法案旨在惩罚那些购买廉价俄 罗斯石油、为普京战争机器提供资金的国家，中国、印度和巴西被列为潜在制裁目标。 ...

针对美方行为，中国外交部发言人已明确表示，中方坚决反对美方滥用国家安全概念、无理打压 中国产业和滥施关税。这种做法扰乱全球产业链供应链稳定，阻碍行业发展，最终将损人害己。 中方敦促美方纠正错误，在平等尊重基础上通过对话解决分歧，切实维护中美关系的稳定。如果 美方一意孤行，中方必将采取坚决措施维护自身正当权益。 根据该命令，瀚孚光电必须在180天内完成对从美国Emcore公司收购的数字芯片及相关晶圆设 计、制造业务等资产的剥离，整个过程将受到美国外国投资委员会（CFIUS）的严密监督。在剥 离完成前，瀚孚光电对相关资产和技术的访问、业务重组或转移将受到严格限制。这意味着两家 公司于2024年4月底完成的一笔约300万美元的交易在实质上被美方强制撤销。 公开资料显示，瀚孚光电是一家位于加州的光芯片制造商，于2024年5月通过管理层收购，完成 了对Emcore公司相关晶圆制造资产与光芯片业务的全面收购，旨在继承并发展其四十余年的光电 技术积累。公司首席执行官为张根造（音译），此前曾任Emcore工程副总裁。 近年来，美国政府持续以"国家安全"为名，在半导体等高科技领域对中国企业实施一系列单边限 制与打压。从拜登政府 ...

美国司法部近日侦破一起高科技芯片走私大案，两名华裔男子因涉嫌违反出口管制法规，非法向中国转 运价值逾1.6亿美元（约12.4亿港元）的英伟达高端AI芯片而被捕。 案件详情 涉案的两名嫌犯分别是43岁居住在纽约的中国公民Fanyue Gong，以及58岁的加拿大籍中国公民 Benlin Yuan。他们被指控与一家香港物流公司及一家中国AI科技公司的员工共谋，规避美国出口管制政策。 政策背景与市场影响 值得注意的是，就在美国司法部公布此案的当天，美国总统特朗普宣布将允许英伟达向中国"获准客 户"出售H200芯片，但条件是美国政府将从销售额中抽取25%的分成。这一决定被视为英伟达的重大游说胜 利，可能帮助其重新夺回在中国这一关键市场中损失的数十亿美元业务。 英伟达CEO黄仁勋此前曾表示，由于美国出口管制，英伟达100%退出了中国市场，中国市场份额从 95%降到了0%。 执法力度持续加强 美国司法部检察官尼古拉斯·甘杰在声明中表示："'守门人行动'揭露了一个复杂的走私网络，该网络通过 将尖端AI芯片输送给那些试图利用它对抗美国利益的人，这威胁着美国的安全。这些芯片是人工智能优势的基 石，是现代军事应用的核心。" 该犯 ...

2025年12月3日，欧盟委员会正式宣布将俄罗斯列入反洗钱和反恐怖融资（AML/CFT）高风险第三国 名单，理由是俄罗斯的AML/CFT体系存在战略性缺陷。这一决定标志着欧盟在金融监管领域对俄罗斯采取了 更为严厉的措施，将直接影响欧盟金融机构与俄罗斯的金融往来。 一、监管背景：欧盟为何独立行动 此次决定源于欧盟与金融行动特别工作组（FATF）的分歧。2023年2月，FATF因俄乌冲突暂停了俄罗 斯的成员资格，但由于巴西、印度、中国、南非等金砖国家的反对，FATF未能将俄罗斯列入高风险国家黑名 单。面对这一僵局，欧洲议会多次敦促欧盟委员会采取独立行动。欧盟委员会承诺在2025年底前完成审查， 此次决定正是对这一承诺的兑现。 值得注意的是，从2025年7月起，欧盟新成立的反洗钱监管局（AMLA）将从2027年7月起参与起草黑名 单。此次决定是欧盟在AMLA全面运作前展示其独立监管能力的重要标志。 二、法律依据与生效时间 三、对金融机构的核心要求 根据《第四号反洗钱指令》，被列入黑名单意味着欧盟境内所有受AML框架监管的金融机构和非金融机 构必须对涉及俄罗斯的交易实施强化尽职调查（EDD）。具体包括： 1. 强制性 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant impact of sanctions on Russian oil exports, particularly focusing on the widening price discount of Urals crude oil compared to Brent crude, and the resulting financial strain on the Russian economy due to reduced demand and export volumes [1][2][4]. Group 1: Price Dynamics - Urals crude oil prices fell to $36.61 per barrel, with a discount of $23.51 per barrel compared to Brent, marking the largest price gap since March 2023 [1] - The price difference has nearly doubled from the pre-sanction level of $12-13 per barrel, approaching the record of $40 set earlier in 2023 [1] Group 2: Supply and Demand Imbalance - A significant drop in demand has led to approximately 1.4 million barrels per day of Russian oil being stranded at sea, representing one-third of Russia's maritime exports [2] - This situation indicates a new phase of sanctions impacting Russian oil exports, which may further pressure the country's budget revenues [2] Group 3: Impact on Russian Fiscal Health - Major Indian refiners like Reliance Industries and Bharat Petroleum have halted purchases of Russian oil, which previously averaged around 1 million barrels per day [3] - Chinese companies, including Sinopec and PetroChina, have also ceased direct purchases, affecting about 45% of Russia's oil exports to China [3] - Russian fiscal revenues for 2025 have already decreased by over 20%, with Rosneft and Lukoil accounting for 2.2 million barrels per day, or 50% of total exports [4] - The Russian Ministry of Finance anticipates a 30% reduction in export revenues due to sanctions, potentially leading to an annual budget deficit of 5 trillion rubles, equivalent to 2.3% of GDP [4]

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has imposed sanctions on 32 individuals and entities across eight countries linked to Iran, targeting a multinational procurement network that supports Iran's ballistic missile and drone production, aiming to curb Iran's nuclear threats and asymmetric weapon development capabilities [1][2]. Group 1: Background and Strategic Objectives - Iran has long utilized the global financial system for money laundering to procure components for its nuclear and conventional weapons programs and to support terrorism [2] - The sanctions represent OFAC's second round of non-proliferation actions against Iran, with the primary goal of blocking Iran's access to missile propellant materials, critical drone equipment, and production funding [2]. Group 2: Core Sanction Areas 1. Missile Propellant Material Procurement Network - A multinational network centered around "MVM Partners" has been procuring key components for ballistic missile propellants from China since 2023, including sodium chlorate, ammonium perchlorate, and sebacic acid [3] - Sodium chlorate is used to produce ammonium perchlorate, which is regulated under missile technology control regimes, while sebacic acid is used for producing resins and plasticizers needed for missiles [3][4]. 2. Drone Key Equipment Procurement Network - OFAC has sanctioned KIPAS, a company closely associated with the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps-Quds Force (IRGC-QF), along with its subsidiaries and affiliates [5][6] - Key individuals involved in procurement coordination between India and China, as well as those managing chemical business operations within Iran, have been listed in the sanctions [5][6]. 3. Drone Engine Production Support Network and Proliferation Financing - OFAC targeted procurement networks supporting the Iranian company Oje Parvas Mado Nafar, which produces engines for Shahed-131/136 drones [7] - The sanctions also include updates to the SDN list for the Iranian state-owned aircraft manufacturer HESA, which produces Ababil series drones, and individuals involved in procurement of aviation materials [7][8].

Group 1 - The article highlights the escalating economic and trade tensions between China and the United States, particularly in the areas of rare earths, software export controls, and tariffs, which cast a shadow over the upcoming high-level talks [1] Group 2 - The U.S. is considering expanding software export restrictions to China, focusing on products that utilize American software, particularly in sensitive areas like drones and satellites, as a response to China's export controls on rare earths [2] - In retaliation, China announced export controls on rare earths and related technologies, asserting that this measure is to safeguard national security and global supply chain stability, while also imposing special port fees on U.S. vessels as a countermeasure [3] Group 3 - Upcoming talks between Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng and U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Behnke in Malaysia are expected to pave the way for a potential meeting at the end of the month, although recent actions by both sides have complicated negotiations [4] Group 4 - The core conflict between China and the U.S. has shifted from trade deficits to a struggle for technological hegemony and control over strategic resources, with the U.S. aiming to curb China's advancements in AI and high-end manufacturing through software restrictions, while China leverages its dominance in the rare earth supply chain [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent sanctions imposed by the U.S. Treasury on Russia's largest oil companies, Rosneft and Lukoil, in response to Russia's lack of serious engagement in peace talks regarding the Ukraine war [1][2]. Sanction Targets and Scope - The sanctions specifically target Rosneft and Lukoil, which are considered core pillars of the Russian energy sector. All subsidiaries directly or indirectly owned 50% or more by these companies will also be sanctioned [2]. - U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bancen stated that it is time to stop the violence and that the sanctions aim to cut off funding for the Kremlin's war efforts [2]. Geopolitical Context - The announcement of the sanctions coincided with the cancellation of a planned meeting between President Trump and Russian President Putin in Budapest, highlighting the disappointment over the lack of progress in U.S.-Russia negotiations since their meeting in Alaska in August [2]. - The European Union is also moving forward with its 19th round of sanctions against Russia, expected to be formally approved at the upcoming EU summit [2]. Global Impact - According to Bloomberg estimates, Rosneft and Lukoil account for nearly 50% of Russia's total crude oil exports. The sanctions are expected to further restrict Russia's energy revenue [3].

Group 1: Core Agreement and Objectives - The agreement aims to enhance supply chain resilience in critical minerals and rare earths between the US and Australia, reducing reliance on China [1] - The total value of the projects under this agreement is up to $8.5 billion, with both countries committing at least $1 billion each in the next six months [1] - Key components include the establishment of a joint task force led by the US Secretary of Energy and the Australian Minister for Resources, prioritizing projects to address supply chain gaps and expediting permit approval processes [1] Group 2: Specific Projects and Investment Details - Over $3 billion will be invested in critical mineral projects in the next six months, with the US Export-Import Bank issuing financing intentions exceeding $2.2 billion, potentially unlocking up to $5 billion in total investment [2] - The first funded project is the Alcoa Dual Day Gallium Recovery Project in Western Australia, receiving up to $200 million in equity financing from the Australian government, with additional equity investment from the US [2] - Another significant project is the Arafura Nolans Project in the Northern Territory, which will produce 5% of global rare earths once operational, with a $100 million investment from the Australian government [3] Group 3: Geopolitical Context and Strategic Intent - The agreement is signed against the backdrop of China's increasing export controls on rare earths and semiconductor-related materials, where China currently holds nearly 90% of global rare earth processing capacity [4] - The agreement reflects the political intent of the US and Australia to accelerate "de-risking" in the critical minerals sector, encompassing bilateral investment, price intervention, and defense collaboration [5] Group 4: Australia's Strategic Value and Advantages - Australia plays an irreplaceable role in the US critical minerals strategy, being the fourth-largest rare earth producer globally and possessing over 40 of the 50 critical minerals listed by the US Geological Survey [6] - In 2024, Australia attracted 45% of global rare earth exploration investment, with 89 active exploration projects, significantly outpacing Canada, Brazil, and the US [6] Group 5: Actual Challenges and Industry Concerns - Despite optimistic political statements, industry experts express caution regarding the implementation prospects of the agreement, noting that developments in the rare earth sector do not happen quickly [7] - Concerns are raised about the significant lead China has in the rare earth industry, with experts suggesting that the US and Australia may need decades to catch up in meeting their supply chain needs [7]

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant joint action by the US and UK governments targeting transnational crime networks in Southeast Asia, particularly focusing on large-scale online fraud and money laundering activities involving Chinese nationals [1] Group 1: Crime Network Structure - The primary targets of the operation are the Taizi Group and Huione Group, with the US Treasury Department imposing comprehensive sanctions on 146 members of the Taizi Group, which is led by Chen Zhi, a former Chinese immigrant [2] - The Taizi Group, based in Cambodia, has established a business empire controlling billions of dollars in illegal funds through online investment scams targeting the US and other global regions [2] - The Huione Group has been isolated from the US financial system, having laundered at least $4 billion in illegal proceeds from August 2021 to January 2025, including $37 million from North Korean cyber theft and $36 million from fraudulent cryptocurrency investments [2] Group 2: Criminal Methods and Dangers - These crime groups employ "pig butchering" scams, where perpetrators build trust with victims over months before luring them into investing in fraudulent platforms [3] - The criminal activities are often linked to severe crimes such as human trafficking and forced labor, with workers being coerced into participating in scams under brutal control methods [3] Group 3: Involvement of Chinese Nationals - Chinese nationals are both participants and victims in these crime networks, with the Taizi Group blending illegal income with Cambodia's legitimate economy through a complex network of over 100 shell and holding companies [4] - Chinese citizens are a significant victim group in these scams, with successful joint operations between Chinese authorities and police in Myanmar and Thailand leading to the capture and repatriation of numerous Chinese fraud suspects [4]