中证报中证网讯(记者赵中昊)日前，长城国瑞证券研究所发布研报表示，9月22日的国新办发布会集中 展示了五年来金融领域的改革与发展成就，其中资本市场作为资源配置的重要平台，实现了规模与结构 的双重飞跃——A股总市值突破百万亿元、直接融资比重显著提升、新上市科技企业占比超九成，标志 着资本市场正从高速增长迈向高质量发展新阶段。 长城国瑞证券表示，从制度层面来看，以新证券法实施为标志，资本市场迎来制度变革，期货和衍生品 法、私募监管条例等关键法规补齐短板，新"国九条"及60余项配套规则进一步夯实了市场运行的制度基 础。注册制改革全面落地并持续深化，科创板、创业板差异化定位更加清晰，北交所助力创新型中小企 业融资，多层次市场体系日趋完善。同时，对外开放迈向纵深，外资机构持股比例限制全面取消，互联 互通机制持续优化，境外上市备案制落地，中国资本市场的国际吸引力和制度型开放水平显著提升。 从服务实体经济的角度来看，五年来交易所市场股债融资规模达57.5万亿元，直接融资比重较"十三 五"末提升2.8个百分点至31.6%，市场韧性明显增强。更引人注目的是结构优化：新上市企业中科技型 企业占比超90%，科技板块市值占比突破25 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the progress report on the rectification of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) following the third round of inspections by the Central Committee, emphasizing the implementation of new policies and the commitment to high-quality development [1] - The CSRC is focused on enhancing risk management, regulatory enforcement, and supporting technological innovation and new productive forces, leading to positive changes in market structure and ecology [1] - The CSRC will continue to strengthen its rectification efforts with a commitment to long-term improvement and effective supervision of the rectification process [1] Group 2 - The CSRC emphasizes the importance of the Party's leadership in the capital market, ensuring that policies and regulations align with the directives from the central government [2] - The commission is accelerating the implementation of comprehensive capital market reforms, particularly in the Sci-Tech Innovation Board, Growth Enterprise Market, and the Beijing Stock Exchange [2] - The focus is on enhancing the attractiveness and competitiveness of China's capital market through institutional reforms and the development of a multi-level bond market [2] Group 3 - The CSRC aims to improve risk resolution and regulatory enforcement capabilities, promoting the entry of long-term funds into the market and enhancing the regulatory framework for listed companies [3] - There is a commitment to strict enforcement of laws and regulations, improving the detection of violations, and establishing a comprehensive regulatory system [3] - The CSRC plans to introduce more measures to protect investors' rights and interests [3] Group 4 - The CSRC is dedicated to establishing a long-term mechanism for inspection rectification, ensuring that standards remain high and responsibilities are clearly defined [4] - The commission will regularly assess the effectiveness of completed rectification tasks and maintain focus on long-term issues that require ongoing attention [4] - There is a commitment to guiding and overseeing the rectification efforts of various market entities, including stock exchanges [4]

9月22日，中共上海证券交易所委员会发布关于二十届中央第三轮巡视整改进展情况的通报。通报称， 经过集中整改，上交所党委巡视整改工作取得阶段性成效。下一步，上交所党委将坚持标准不变、力度 不变、"一把手"负责不变，扎实推进巡视整改常态化长效化。 具体来看，上交所党委将强化党委"把方向、管大局、保落实"领导作用，走好中国特色金融发展之路； 一体推进防风险、强监管、促高质量发展工作，做好金融"五篇大文章"，更大力度推动中长期资金入 市，持续稳定和活跃资本市场，更好服务新质生产力发展和广大投资者；坚持从严监管、科学监管，既 抓早抓小抓苗头，更打大打恶打重点，努力做到严而有度、严而有方、严而有效。 同时，上交所党委还将进一步全面深化改革，以深化资本市场投融资综合改革为牵引，以深入推进"提 质增效重回报"行动、加强指数化投资生态建设为抓手，健全市场内在稳定性长效机制；发挥好科创板 改革"试验田"作用，落实好进一步全面深化科创板改革各项改革措施，进一步推动"科创板八条""并购 六条"创新性示范性案例落地；稳步拓展互联互通，丰富跨境投融资产品，推进高水平对外开放。 (张淑贤) ...

证监会、上交所、深交所最新发布。 9月22日晚间，证监会、上交所、深交所发布关于二十届中央第三轮巡视整改进展情况的通报。 证监会：深化科创板、创业板、北交所改革，完善发行上市等制度机制，培育壮大耐心资本 证监会在通报中提到，中国证监会党委将以永远在路上的坚韧和执着，严肃认真抓好持续整改，不断巩固 拓展整改成效。驻证监会纪检监察组将持续加大对巡视整改工作的监督。 （一）自觉坚持和加强党对资本市场的全面领导。 深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想， 不折不扣落实习近平总书记关于资本市场一系列重要指示批示精神和党中央决策部署，严格落实重大事项 请示报告制度。加强对系统单位党委的领导和监督，更好发挥各级党组织的政治功能和组织功能，切实将 党的领导贯彻到资本市场政策制定、监管执法和内部治理全过程各方面，坚决走好践行"两个维护"的第一 方阵。 （二）落实落细全面深化资本市场改革各项部署。 深入落实党的二十届三中全会部署，加快推进新一轮 全面深化资本市场改革任务落地。 聚焦服务新质生产力发展，深化科创板、创业板、北交所改革，完善 发行上市等制度机制，培育壮大耐心资本。 加快多层次债券市场发展，推动完善中国特色期货监 ...

Core Viewpoint - The National Taxation Administration of China has announced progress on the third round of inspections, emphasizing the need for rectification in tax-related issues concerning investment attraction and enhancing regulation of emerging tax sources [1] Group 1: Taxation and Regulation - The administration aims to address violations in tax-related issues linked to investment attraction [1] - There is a focus on strengthening regulation of the platform economy and other emerging tax sources [1] - The administration is committed to advancing the revision of tax collection laws and standardizing tax incentive policies [1] Group 2: Economic Development Support - The initiatives are designed to support the construction of a unified national market and accelerate the development of new productive forces [1] - The measures are also aimed at promoting high-level opening up to the outside world, thereby better serving the overall economic and social development [1]

通报提出，一体推进防风险、强监管、促高质量发展工作。做好金融"五篇大文章"，更大力度推动中长 期资金入市，持续稳定和活跃资本市场，更好服务新质生产力发展和广大投资者。持续推进抓基本、打 基础、走基层，"开门办审核、开门办监管、开门办服务"工作。坚持从严监管、科学监管，既抓早抓小 抓苗头，更打大打恶打重点，努力做到严而有度、严而有方、严而有效。 通报提到，进一步全面深化改革。以深化资本市场投融资综合改革为牵引，以深入推进"提质增效重回 报"行动、加强指数化投资生态建设为抓手，健全市场内在稳定性长效机制。发挥好科创板改革"试验 田"作用，落实好进一步全面深化科创板改革各项改革措施；进一步推动"科创板八条""并购六条"创新 性示范性案例落地。稳步拓展互联互通，丰富跨境投融资产品，推进高水平对外开放。坚持守正创新、 至诚至公、全球融通，建设世界一流交易所。 更大力度推动中长期资金入市，持续稳定和活跃资本市场。 9月22日，中共上海证券交易所委员会关于二十届中央第三轮巡视整改进展情况的通报。下一步，上交 所党委将严格按照中央要求，在证监会党委领导和中央纪委国家监委驻证监会纪检监察组监督下，坚持 标准不变、力度不变、"一 ...

Core Insights - The Chinese government has made significant progress in fiscal reform and development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, enhancing national fiscal strength and efficiency [1][2]. Fiscal Strength and Public Budget - National general public budget revenue is expected to reach 106 trillion yuan, an increase of 17 trillion yuan or approximately 19% compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan" [2]. - Public budget expenditure is projected to exceed 136 trillion yuan, an increase of 26 trillion yuan or 24% compared to the previous plan [2]. - Over 70% of public budget expenditure is allocated to the livelihood sector, ensuring that modernization benefits all citizens [2]. Social Security and Public Services - The number of participants in basic pension insurance has surpassed 1.07 billion, and those in basic medical insurance has reached 1.327 billion [2]. - The scale of equalization transfer payments is set to grow from 1.9 trillion yuan in 2021 to 2.7 trillion yuan by 2025, with an average annual growth of 9.6% [3]. - Significant investments have been made in education and healthcare, with over 800 billion yuan allocated to enhance medical capabilities [3]. Macroeconomic Control - The fiscal deficit ratio has increased from 2.7% to 3.8%, with further increases planned [4]. - New local government special bond quotas amount to 19.4 trillion yuan, and tax reductions and refunds exceed 1 trillion yuan [4]. Employment and Economic Support - Central fiscal employment support funds have reached 318.6 billion yuan, a 29% increase from the previous plan, contributing to over 50 million new urban jobs [5]. - The government has allocated 4.2 trillion yuan to support consumption, leading to sales exceeding 2.9 trillion yuan [6]. Risk Management - The central government has arranged nearly 50 trillion yuan in transfer payments to local governments to stabilize fiscal operations [7]. - A legal debt management system has been established to address hidden debts, with a focus on reducing interest costs [7]. - By the end of 2024, total government debt is projected to be 92.6 trillion yuan, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 68.7%, indicating manageable risk levels [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The news highlights the achievements and ongoing reforms in China's fiscal policy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the strengthening of fiscal capacity and the focus on improving public welfare and economic stability [1][2][4]. Fiscal Strength and Growth - National general public budget revenue is expected to reach 106 trillion yuan, an increase of 17 trillion yuan or approximately 19% compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan" period [2]. - By 2024, 16 provinces are projected to see fiscal revenue growth of over 20% compared to 2020, with seven provinces exceeding 500 billion yuan, and two surpassing 1 trillion yuan [2]. - General public budget expenditure is expected to exceed 136 trillion yuan over five years, an increase of 26 trillion yuan or 24% compared to the previous plan [2]. Social Welfare and Public Services - Over 70% of national general public budget expenditure is allocated to social welfare, ensuring that modernization benefits all citizens [2]. - Basic pension insurance coverage exceeds 1.07 billion people, and basic medical insurance covers 1.327 billion individuals [2]. - The standard for resident medical insurance subsidies has increased from 580 yuan to 700 yuan per person annually, with rural and urban minimum living standards raised by approximately 20% [2]. Public Service Equity - The scale of equalization transfer payments is projected to grow from 1.9 trillion yuan in 2021 to 2.7 trillion yuan by 2025, with an average annual growth of 9.6% [3]. - All administrative villages have access to paved roads, with over 95% coverage for express delivery services and 94% for tap water [3]. - Approximately 20 million economically disadvantaged students receive living subsidies, and 13 million children of migrant workers have access to education funding [3]. Fiscal Policy and Economic Strategy - The fiscal deficit rate has increased from 2.7% to 3.8%, with a further rise to 4% planned for this year [4]. - New local government special bond quotas amount to 19.4 trillion yuan, with over 10 trillion yuan in tax reductions and refunds [4]. - Central fiscal employment support has reached 318.6 billion yuan, a 29% increase from the previous plan, contributing to over 50 million new urban jobs [5]. Innovation and R&D Investment - National fiscal spending on science and technology is expected to reach 5.5 trillion yuan, a 34% increase from the previous plan [6]. - Basic research funding has totaled 730 billion yuan, with an annual growth rate of 12.3% [6]. - R&D investment intensity is projected to rise from 2.41% at the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" to 2.68% by 2024 [6]. Risk Management and Debt Control - Central fiscal transfers to local governments are projected to approach 50 trillion yuan over five years, ensuring financial stability [7]. - A legal debt management system has been established to address hidden debts, with a focus on reducing existing liabilities [7]. - By the end of 2024, total government debt is expected to reach 92.6 trillion yuan, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 68.7%, indicating manageable risk levels [7]. Financing Platform Reforms - Over 60% of financing platforms are expected to exit by mid-2025, indicating significant progress in reducing hidden debts [8]. - The government aims to establish a debt management mechanism aligned with high-quality development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" [8].

促进教育、医疗等公共资源扩容下沉。城乡义务教育学生全部免除学杂费，并获得免费教科书；约2000 万家庭经济困难学生获得生活补助；约1300万进城务工人员随迁子女实现相关教育经费可携带。累计安 排资金超800亿元，支持临床重点专科和区域医疗能力建设，强化多层次卫生健康人才培养，各级各类 医疗卫生机构服务能力明显提升。 9月12日，国务院新闻办举行"高质量完成'十四五'规划"系列主题新闻发布会，介绍"十四五"时期财政改 革发展成效。"十四五"以来，财政部门坚持稳中求进、改革创新，顶住风险挑战，拓展发展空间，国家 财政实力持续增强，效能不断提升。 地方财政实力稳步壮大 "十四五"时期，全国一般公共预算收入预计达106万亿元，比"十三五"时期增加17万亿元，增长约 19%。地方财政实力稳步壮大，2024年，16个省份财政收入比2020年增长20%以上；7个省份超5000亿 元，其中2个省份超1万亿元。支出强度前所未有。全国一般公共预算支出5年预计超过136万亿元， 比"十三五"时期增加26万亿元，增长24%。 "十四五"以来，民生领域财政投入占全国一般公共预算支出70%以上，中国式现代化建设成果更多更公 平惠及全体人 ...

Core Viewpoint - The State Council of China has approved a pilot program for the market-oriented allocation of factors in ten regions, aiming to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation and promote high-quality economic development over the next two years [1][4]. Group 1: Pilot Regions and Objectives - The ten pilot regions include Beijing's urban sub-center, key cities in southern Jiangsu, Hangzhou-Ningbo, Hefei metropolitan area, Fuzhou-Xiamen-Quanzhou, Zhengzhou, Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Chongqing, and Chengdu [1][2]. - The pilot program aims to stimulate innovation in technology factors, promote efficient land allocation, guide the rational flow of human resources, and enhance the capital factor's service to the real economy [2][4]. Group 2: Specific Measures and Focus Areas - The pilot program emphasizes the integration of technology and capital, exploring the capitalization of technology, and supporting financial institutions in providing more financial products for technology transfer [3][4]. - The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's plan includes developing a multi-tiered capital market, improving listing systems, and establishing a comprehensive service platform connecting technology and capital markets [3][4]. Group 3: Government Support and Framework - The pilot program is characterized by its broad scope, covering various factors and regions, and aims to create replicable experiences for factor market reforms [4][5]. - The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security supports the pilot regions by enhancing employment opportunities, improving service supply, optimizing market environments, and focusing on capacity building [5][6]. Group 4: Land and Financial Market Reforms - The reform includes enhancing land management autonomy for pilot regions, promoting the market entry of rural collective operating construction land, and improving the supply system for industrial land [6][7]. - The People's Bank of China will support the pilot regions by improving financial services, enhancing the capacity of capital factors to serve the real economy, and ensuring financial stability while promoting market-oriented reforms [7].