资产概览：中东紧张局势推升贵金属/原油价格 [Table_Authors] 方奕(分析师) ——大类资产配置全球跟踪 2026 年 3月第 1期 本报告导读： 2/13 至 2/27 期间，中东紧张局势推升贵金属和原油价格。权益中韩国综指领涨，其 年内涨幅已达 48.2%。人民币兑美元大幅升值，日元兑美元大幅贬值。 投资要点： | | 021-38031658 | | --- | --- | | | fangyi2@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880520120005 | | | 郭佼佼(分析师) | | --- | --- | | | 021-38031042 | | | guojiaojiao2@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880523070002 | [Table_Report] 相关报告 春节旅游景气提升，科技和资源涨价 2026.02.28 外资延续流入，公募新发积极 2026.02.24 主动外资加速流入 A 股与港股 2026.02.10 成交活跃度下降，万得全 A 估值微跌 2026.02.08 科技资源景气延续，内需或迎景气拐点 2026.02.04 策 略 ...

转自：经济日报 登录新浪财经APP 搜索【信披】查看更多考评等级 （来源：经济日报） 今年以来，在A股结构性行情延续的背景下，不少投资者开始尝试一种新的买基金方式——开"基金超市"。 所谓"基金超市"，就是投资者买入数十只乃至更多只基金产品，手里持仓产品像超市货架上的商品般琳琅满目。在他们看来，持有基金的数量越多，风险就 越能被摊薄，还能不错过各类市场机会。然而在实际操作中，这种看似稳妥的策略，往往是对"分散投资"的误读。 一些投资者热衷于开"基金超市"，主要源于三种心态。一是怕错失盈利机会，面对AI、新能源、有色金属等板块轮番上涨，生怕漏掉某一赛道的红利，于是 每个热门领域都配置相关基金；二是对分散投资理解片面，将"不把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里"简单等同于"篮子越多越好"，却忽略不同篮子可能同属一个"货 架"；三是选择困难症作祟，面对基金历史业绩、夏普比率、回撤数据等指标难以抉择，干脆全部拿下，手里的基金数量越来越多。 这种操作看似精明，殊不知不少投资者已陷入"分散投资"的认知陷阱。当前市面上不少基金产品同质化严重，看似名称各异、主题不同，实则重仓股高度重 合。以新能源主题基金为例，多数产品前十大持仓都是行业龙头 ...

所谓"基金超市"，就是投资者买入数十只乃至更多只基金产品，手里持仓产品像超市货架上的商品般琳 琅满目。在他们看来，持有基金的数量越多，风险就越能被摊薄，还能不错过各类市场机会。然而在实 际操作中，这种看似稳妥的策略，往往是对"分散投资"的误读。 今年以来，在A股结构性行情延续的背景下，不少投资者开始尝试一种新的买基金方式——开"基金超 市"。 一些投资者热衷于开"基金超市"，主要源于三种心态。一是怕错失盈利机会，面对AI、新能源、有色金 属等板块轮番上涨，生怕漏掉某一赛道的红利，于是每个热门领域都配置相关基金；二是对分散投资理 解片面，将"不把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里"简单等同于"篮子越多越好"，却忽略不同篮子可能同属一个"货 架"；三是选择困难症作祟，面对基金历史业绩、夏普比率、回撤数据等指标难以抉择，干脆全部拿 下，手里的基金数量越来越多。 这种操作看似精明，殊不知不少投资者已陷入"分散投资"的认知陷阱。当前市面上不少基金产品同质化 严重，看似名称各异、主题不同，实则重仓股高度重合。以新能源主题基金为例，多数产品前十大持仓 都是行业龙头企业。投资者买入数只这类基金，表面上持仓分散，实际是将资金集中投向少数几只股 ...

Asset Overview - Global risk appetite has significantly cooled, with precious metals leading the gains. During the week of December 8-12, global equity markets turned to decline, although some emerging markets performed relatively well. The correlation between A-shares and government bonds has returned to a negative degree of 0.5 [1][8]. Investment Highlights Cross-Asset Analysis - The overall risk appetite has decreased globally, with precious metals showing strong performance while industrial metals and oil prices have seen significant pullbacks. The US dollar index continues its downward trend, and the Chinese yuan has slightly strengthened, leading to a general recovery in the domestic bond market [8][12]. Equity Markets - Emerging markets outperformed developed markets, with the ChiNext Index leading gains. The MSCI Global Index turned to a decline of 0.2%, with a notable performance divergence where emerging markets outperformed developed and frontier markets, and Europe outperformed Asia and North America. A-shares saw a slight increase, with the Wande All A Index rising by 0.3%, and the ChiNext Index increasing by 2.7% [20][23]. Bond Markets - The domestic bond market exhibited a "bull steepening" trend, with the yield curve shifting downward overall. The 10Y-3M yield spread has marginally widened, indicating a "bull steep" characteristic. The 10-year government bond yield rose to 2.12%, while the 3-month AAA-rated note yield increased by 5.1 basis points to 0.3% [34][35]. Commodity and Currency Analysis - Commodity prices have generally declined, with precious metals leading the gains. As of December 12, the S&P GSCI and CRB commodity indices fell by 1.2% and 2.5%, respectively. Year-to-date, only four commodities have recorded gains, with gold and silver increasing by 63.9% and 112%, respectively. COMEX gold inventory has decreased for 10 consecutive weeks, while copper inventory has risen for 40 weeks [53][54]. The US dollar index fell by 0.6%, with the euro and pound appreciating against the dollar [53].

Core Insights - The discussion at the "WAIC UP!" event highlighted the intersection of AI, humanity, and science, emphasizing the evolving role of AI in scientific research and understanding the universe [1] Group 1: AI and Astronomy - Modern astronomy has entered a "data tsunami" era, with projects like the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) expected to generate more data annually than all historical internet data combined, making AI an essential tool for researchers [2] - AI is evolving from a supplementary tool to a necessary pathway in scientific research, assisting in data processing and knowledge exploration [2] Group 2: Philosophical Perspectives on AI - The discussion differentiated between short-term, mid-term, and long-term perspectives on AI, with the short-term being characterized by a capital-driven "bubble period" and the long-term raising questions about AI's impact on human identity [3] - The concept of "effective correlation" was introduced, suggesting that practical correlations can often be more valuable than strict causality in understanding phenomena [4] Group 3: AI's Role in Scientific Discovery - AI may expand the possibilities of scientific development by suggesting new theoretical paths, potentially transforming the scientific research ecosystem from a model dominated by a few geniuses to one of diverse theoretical competition [5] - The discussion acknowledged the limitations of AI, particularly its tendency to produce "hallucinations" based on correlations rather than semantic understanding, raising questions about the nature of AI's outputs [6] Group 4: The Nature of Knowledge - The debate on whether human knowledge is invented or discovered was explored, with mathematics serving as an example of how human constructs can lead to discoveries about the world [7] - The interplay between invention and discovery was emphasized, highlighting how human creativity and logic are distinct from AI capabilities, particularly in the context of generating meaning from the unknown [7]

Core Insights - The report highlights significant asset differentiation, with Japanese stocks reaching new highs while global equities face pressure. Gold and silver have seen substantial gains, with COMEX silver up over 60% and gold surpassing $4000 per ounce for the first time [1][6][11]. Cross-Asset Overview - From September 30 to October 10, Japanese and Korean equities led the market, with the Nikkei 225 hitting a new high and the KOSPI and KOSDAQ showing strong performance. In contrast, major US indices declined approximately 2%, and A-shares and Hong Kong stocks experienced slight pullbacks. Gold reached a historic high, while oil prices fell significantly, with Brent and WTI down 6.4% and 5.6%, respectively [6][16][18]. Equity Market Performance - Asian emerging markets outperformed, particularly Japan and South Korea. The MSCI global index fell by 1.3%, but the Asian markets showed resilience. The Nikkei 225 surged by 7.0%, benefiting from a weaker yen and optimistic policy expectations. Meanwhile, A-shares saw a minor decline, with the CSI 300 down 0.5% [16][18]. Bond Market Analysis - The Chinese bond market exhibited a "bull steep" curve, with overall yields declining but long-term yields (20-30 years) rising. The 10Y-2Y yield spread narrowed, while the 10Y-3M and 30Y-10Y spreads widened. In the US, the bond market showed a "bull flat" characteristic, with expectations of rate cuts increasing significantly [29][30]. Commodity and Currency Trends - Gold prices rose while oil prices fell, with the dollar index increasing by 1%. Major non-dollar currencies weakened, particularly the yen, which depreciated by 2.2%. The report notes that 11 out of 13 major commodity futures recorded gains, with precious metals leading the way [6][11][30].

Core Concept - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the "collaboration" between assets in investment allocation, which is mathematically represented by "correlation" [3][4]. Asset Allocation Principles - Ideal investment portfolios should consist of assets with varying correlations: assets with a correlation close to +1 move together, those with a correlation close to -1 move inversely, and those with a correlation close to 0 operate independently [4]. - The modern portfolio theory proposed by Nobel laureate Harry Markowitz suggests that scientific diversification can significantly reduce risk without sacrificing returns [4]. Mathematical Framework - For perfectly negatively correlated assets (correlation of -1), the allocation ratio should be inversely proportional to their volatility. If two funds have the same volatility, equal allocation is appropriate [5][7]. - If the volatilities differ, the allocation should favor the asset with lower volatility. For example, if Fund A has a volatility of 10% and Fund B has 30%, the optimal allocation would be 75% in Fund A and 25% in Fund B [7]. - For assets with a correlation close to 0, the allocation ratio should be inversely proportional to the square of their volatility. This allows for optimization of the risk-return profile even among uncorrelated assets [10][13]. Investment Insights - Including negatively correlated assets in a portfolio can effectively reduce overall volatility. While perfectly negatively correlated assets are rare, seeking low or negatively correlated assets remains a valid strategy for optimizing investment portfolios [9]. - The article illustrates that even with uncorrelated assets, appropriate weight allocation can enhance the risk-return ratio. For instance, a combination of five uncorrelated assets can reduce volatility significantly compared to individual assets [15]. Addressing Concerns about Returns - The article argues that proper asset allocation does not diminish returns; rather, it can stabilize and enhance them. The key is to select high-performing assets rather than diversifying for the sake of it [17]. - Examples provided include combining U.S. stocks with A-shares, both of which have long-term annualized returns of around 8-10%, resulting in a stable combined return while reducing volatility [17]. Practical Guidelines for Portfolio Construction - Step 1: Diversify across major asset classes such as stocks (high long-term returns, high volatility), bonds (stable returns, low volatility), and commodities (inflation hedge) [21]. - Step 2: Diversify by region and strategy, investing in various markets and styles to mitigate risks [21]. - Step 3: Regularly rebalance the portfolio to maintain the desired asset allocation, selling portions of assets that have appreciated significantly and buying those that have declined [21].

Core Concept - The article emphasizes the importance of asset allocation and its mathematical principles to achieve stable investment returns [2][3]. Group 1: Understanding Asset Collaboration - Asset allocation relies on understanding the "collaboration relationship" between assets, defined by their correlation coefficients [3]. - Ideal investment portfolios should consist of assets that work together effectively, akin to a well-functioning team [3][4]. - Different types of asset collaboration include: - Same profession (correlation close to +1): assets move together [4]. - Perfect partners (correlation close to -1): assets move inversely, providing balance [4]. - Each performing their role (correlation close to 0): assets operate independently but contribute to a common goal [4]. Group 2: Mathematical Principles of Asset Allocation - Asset allocation is governed by strict mathematical formulas, not arbitrary distribution [5]. - For perfectly negatively correlated assets, the allocation ratio should be inversely proportional to their volatility [7]. - If two assets have different volatilities, the allocation should favor the asset with lower volatility [7]. - The inclusion of negatively correlated assets can significantly reduce portfolio volatility and achieve stable returns [9]. Group 3: Addressing Concerns About Returns - A common concern is whether diversifying investments will dilute returns; the article argues it will not if the right assets are chosen [16]. - Examples illustrate that combining high-performing assets can maintain returns while reducing volatility [17][19]. - The essence of effective asset allocation is to select high-return assets with low correlation to achieve better overall performance [20]. Group 4: Practical Guidelines for Building a Portfolio - The first step in constructing a portfolio is to diversify across major asset classes [22]. - The second step involves regional and strategy diversification, ensuring exposure to various markets and investment styles [22]. - Regular rebalancing of the portfolio is essential to maintain the desired asset allocation and optimize returns [23]. Group 5: Case Studies and Examples - The article provides examples of asset combinations, such as gold and stocks, which can hedge against market volatility [21]. - It highlights the contrasting behaviors of U.S. stocks and oil prices, suggesting that oil can serve as a hedge against stock market risks [21]. - The article references Bridgewater's approach of finding multiple uncorrelated sources of returns to minimize risk [21]. Group 6: Conclusion - Mastering asset allocation is presented as a crucial skill in navigating the capital markets, emphasizing that there are no free lunches without this knowledge [26].

Group 1 - The report highlights that equity assets have shown strong performance, particularly in the Asia-Pacific emerging markets and technology growth sectors, while commodity performance has been mixed [2][5][11] - The correlation between A-shares and Hong Kong stocks has increased, while the negative correlation between A-shares and Chinese government bonds remains strong [2][11][12] - The risk premium level for A-shares has decreased for seven consecutive weeks, with the current level at 5.8%, indicating a slight increase in relative value compared to historical averages [16][19] Group 2 - In the equity market, the Asia-Pacific region has outperformed, with notable gains in technology growth stocks; for instance, the Hang Seng Technology Index surged by 5.5% [5][24][28] - Emerging markets in Asia, such as the A-share ChiNext Index and Korea's KOSDAQ, have also shown strong performance, with increases of 3.2% and 2.5% respectively [24][28] - In contrast, Latin American markets, including Brazil and Mexico, have faced continued pressure and declines [24][28] Group 3 - The report indicates that the Chinese bond yield curve is "bull steep," with a general downward trend in yields for longer maturities, while the U.S. bond yield curve is "bear steep," reflecting rising yields [46][50] - Specifically, the 10-year to 2-year yield spread in China has widened, indicating a bullish sentiment in the bond market [46][50] - In the U.S., the 10-year Treasury yield has increased to 4.47%, driven by inflation expectations, while the market anticipates a potential rate cut by the Federal Reserve in September [46][59] Group 4 - Commodity prices have shown overall increases, but with significant differentiation; for example, iron ore and natural rubber prices rose over 3%, while crude oil prices fell by 1.5% to 1.6% [63][64] - The report notes that the U.S. dollar continues to appreciate, although at a slower pace compared to previous weeks, with major currencies like the euro and yen depreciating against it [63][64] - Inventory levels for gold and silver have increased, contrary to the average declines seen over the past three years, indicating a potential shift in market dynamics [64][71][75]

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights a strong performance in commodities, with a notable increase in copper prices, while equity markets show a divergence in performance across regions, particularly with European markets outperforming the US and Japan [1][2]. Group 1: Asset Performance - Commodity prices continued to strengthen, with the CRB/Nanhua index rising and the increase in COMEX copper closing at a significant 10.9% [1]. - Equity performance showed increased divergence, with US stocks declining while the dollar strengthened [1]. - A-shares and Hong Kong stocks exhibited a strong positive correlation with US and Japanese stocks, while A-shares showed a strong negative correlation with Chinese government bonds [1]. Group 2: Equity Markets - European stock markets outperformed those in the US and Japan, with the German DAX and STOXX50 leading the gains, while US stocks experienced a broad pullback [2]. - Emerging markets saw strong performances from Vietnam and South Korea, with the Ho Chi Minh index rising by 5.1% and the Korean Composite Index increasing by 4.0% [2]. - In contrast, other emerging markets like India and Brazil showed weaker performance, with Brazil's IBOVESPA dropping by 3.6% [2]. Group 3: Bond Markets - China's bond market exhibited a "bear flat" pattern, with AAA-rated credit bond yields decreasing in the short term and increasing in the long term [2]. - The US bond market showed a "bear steep" pattern, with a rise in the 10-year Treasury yield influenced by inflation expectations, while the probability of a Federal Reserve rate cut in September decreased compared to the previous week [2]. Group 4: Commodities and Currency - Commodity prices continued to rise, with 12 out of 14 types of futures contracts increasing, particularly in copper, coking coal, and silver, while nickel saw a decline of 1.1% [3]. - Since the beginning of the year, copper has shown a cumulative increase of 39.2%, with inventory levels for gold and silver decreasing [3]. - The US dollar index rose by 0.9%, reversing its previous depreciation, while the euro, pound, and yen depreciated against the dollar, although they have appreciated relative to the dollar since the start of the year [3].