2025年初欧元区经济增长弱于预期，尽管出口在特朗普关税前增加 金十数据5月15日讯，尽管由于美国公司在征收贸易关税之前争相囤积进口商品，推动了工厂产出的增 长，但欧元区经济的增长速度低于年初的预期。欧盟统计局周四公布的数据显示，第一季度欧元区GDP 季率修正值为0.3%。初值为0.4%。整个季度工业生产的持续增长推动了经济增长。欧盟统计局称，3月 份产出环比增长2.6%，这一增幅远高于经济学家预期的1.1%，标志着连续第三个月产出增长。欧洲工 业强国德国和医药生产中心爱尔兰3月份的产出增长超过3%，推动了3月份产出的增长，爱尔兰的产量 比前一个月增长了约15%。这两个经济体是欧元区受特朗普总统的贸易关税影响最大的经济体，它们的 工厂产出激增表明，美国进口商在特朗普总统4月初提出的一揽子关税计划出台之前囤积库存。 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided Core Viewpoints - Due to the easing of tariff and geopolitical risks, precious metals in the Shanghai market dropped significantly. The short - term outlook for gold is a major negative, with the possibility of the Fed's preventive interest rate cut decreasing and the rate - cut time likely to be postponed to after September. Although the medium - and long - term interest rate cut expectation is positive for gold and there is significant buying support from continuous inflows into gold ETFs, gold may remain under pressure in the short term. Silver has some support from its industrial and commodity attributes but may still be weak due to the linkage effect with gold. It is recommended to wait and see, and specific price ranges for different contracts are provided [2]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Futures Market - The closing price of the Shanghai gold main contract was 739.82 yuan/gram, down 21.9 yuan; the closing price of the Shanghai silver main contract was 8008 yuan/kilogram, down 187 yuan. The main contract positions of Shanghai gold were 211,188 hands, down 3,590 hands; the main contract positions of Shanghai silver were 342,882 hands, up 62,114 hands. The net positions of the top 20 in the Shanghai gold main contract were 106,847 hands, down 1,171 hands; the net positions of the top 20 in the Shanghai silver main contract were 122,646 hands, down 13,699 hands. The warehouse receipt quantity of gold was 17,238 kilograms, unchanged; the warehouse receipt quantity of silver was 914,782 kilograms, down 4,681 kilograms [2]. 现货市场 - The spot price of gold on the Shanghai Non - ferrous Metals Network was 737 yuan/gram, down 21.51 yuan; the spot price of silver was 8026 yuan/kilogram, down 138 yuan. The basis of the Shanghai gold main contract was - 2.82 yuan/gram, up 0.39 yuan; the basis of the Shanghai silver main contract was 18 yuan/kilogram, up 49 yuan [2]. Supply and Demand Situation - The gold ETF holdings were 936.51 tons, unchanged; the silver ETF holdings were 13,971.47 tons, down 28.28 tons. The non - commercial net positions of gold in CFTC were 162,497 contracts, down 821 contracts; the non - commercial net positions of silver in CTFC were 49,252 contracts, down 691 contracts. The total supply of gold in the quarter was 1,313.01 tons, up 54.84 tons; the total supply of silver in the year was 987.8 million troy ounces, down 21.4 million troy ounces. The total demand for gold in the quarter was 1,313.01 tons, up 54.83 tons; the global total demand for silver in the year was 1,195 million ounces, down 47.4 million ounces [2]. Option Market - The 20 - day historical volatility of gold was 31.99%, up 1.56 percentage points; the 40 - day historical volatility of gold was 25.76%, up 1.02 percentage points. The implied volatility of at - the - money call options for gold was - 1.13, and the implied volatility of at - the - money put options for gold was 26.62% (previous value 26.61%, change - 1.13) [2]. Industry News - China suspended 28 US entities from the export control list for 90 days and 17 US entities from the unreliable entity list for 90 days. In April, global physical gold ETFs had a strong inflow of about $11 billion, and the total asset management scale of global gold ETFs reached $379 billion at the end of April. Asia had a large inflow of about $7.3 billion, with China being the main driver. Trump visited Qatar and signed multiple cooperation agreements, expected to bring at least $1.2 trillion in economic exchanges. The first - round cease - fire negotiation between Russia and Ukraine will start in Turkey, and the easing of the situation weakens the safe - haven demand for gold. The Fed's attitude towards inflation and economic data was also mentioned [2].

Group 1 - The UK economy experienced its strongest quarterly growth in a year, with GDP increasing by 0.7% in Q1, surpassing expectations of 0.6% [1][2] - The service and construction sectors showed strong growth, offsetting a sharp decline in manufacturing [2] - In March alone, output grew by 0.2%, contrary to economists' predictions of stagnation, indicating resilience among UK businesses and consumers [2] Group 2 - The increase in GDP per capita, a key indicator of living standards, rose by 0.5% after two consecutive quarters of decline [2] - The Bank of England predicts a slowdown in economic growth to 0.1% in Q2, citing "downside risks" and stagnant fundamentals [2][6] - Rising utility and local taxes in April have put additional pressure on the hospitality sector, including bars and restaurants [5]

Core Insights - The Federal Reserve has decided to maintain the federal funds rate in the range of 4.25%-4.50%, marking the third pause in rate hikes this year, reflecting a cautious assessment of the current economic situation [1] - The Fed's "silence" is an active response to multiple challenges, including the potential impact of tariff policies, inflation structure divergence, and regional economic imbalances [1] Inflation Dynamics - The overall inflation rate in the U.S. has dropped to 2.3% year-on-year, the lowest since 2021, primarily driven by falling food prices; however, the core CPI remains stubbornly at 2.8%, exceeding the Fed's 2% target [3] - The persistent high service prices, such as housing and healthcare, versus the cyclical decline in goods prices illustrate a complex inflation landscape [3] Regional Economic Disparities - A Fed internal survey reveals a "dual mirror" of the U.S. economy, with tourism-heavy areas like Las Vegas facing significant declines in hotel occupancy and gaming revenue, while resource-rich regions like Utah and Alaska benefit from high commodity prices [4] - This regional economic imbalance poses significant challenges for Fed policy-making, as traditional reliance on national data may fail to capture local economic conditions [4] Policy Signals and Divergence - There is a notable divide within the Fed regarding economic outlook; some officials emphasize a strong labor market and robust consumer spending, while others warn of declining business confidence and potential "second inflation" due to tariff policies [4] - This contradictory stance reflects the Fed's struggle to balance "data dependence" with "forward guidance" amid evolving economic conditions [4] Market Expectations - Despite the Fed's emphasis on data-driven policy, the market anticipates a greater than 60% probability of a rate cut in September, reflecting historical memories of the Fed's delayed responses [6] - The Fed must be cautious of repeating past mistakes by prematurely easing policies, which could reignite inflation expectations or excessively delaying could tighten financial conditions and trigger a recession [6] The Fed's Dilemma - The Fed faces a "trilemma" involving three constraints: maintaining a tight policy stance due to core inflation, allowing flexibility in response to regional economic disparities and tariff impacts, and ensuring financial stability amid high interest rates [7] - The Fed is likely to continue a "data-driven" strategy, balancing between quantitative tightening and interest rate adjustments to manage inflation and risk [7] Conclusion - The Fed's current inaction is not an endpoint but the beginning of a new policy negotiation phase, emphasizing the need for a dynamic market perspective amid uncertainties in inflation, growth, and policy [8]

西门子CEO：我对德国新政府有很高的期望，也有期待。呼吁德国总理默茨促进经济增长。 ...

Domestic Economy - The U.S. economy is currently influenced by policy uncertainty, particularly regarding tariffs, which have raised inflation expectations and created concerns about economic growth [1][18] - The unemployment rate remained stable at 4.2% in March 2025, with non-farm payrolls increasing by 228,000, indicating a balanced labor market despite ongoing uncertainties [14][19] - Consumer confidence has declined following tariff implementations, with retail sales (excluding vehicles) stabilizing and vehicle sales increasing due to lower interest rates [24][26] Inflation and Monetary Policy - Inflation has moderated, with the core Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) rising by 2.8% year-over-year as of March 2025, and the Consumer Price Index (CPI) decreasing to 2.4% [2][26] - The Federal Reserve has maintained interest rates steady in January and March 2025, with market expectations for at least three rate cuts by the end of the year [12][14] Financial Markets - The stock market faced pressure, with the S&P 500 index declining by 4.3% in Q1 2025, particularly affecting the technology and biotech sectors due to monetary policy uncertainties [2][17] - In contrast, the bond market performed well, with investment-grade (IG) and high-yield (HY) bonds delivering strong returns, driven by declining interest rates and increased demand for safe-haven assets [2][14] International Economic and Policy Linkages - The U.S. dollar exhibited volatility, initially declining due to tariff uncertainties and concerns about economic growth, with investors reassessing risks associated with U.S. policy [3][38] - Global monetary policy remains divergent, with expectations of rate cuts in the U.S. while other regions may follow suit, impacting cross-border capital flows [3][6] Key Sector Outlook - The outlook for economic growth remains uncertain, heavily influenced by the actual impact of tariff policies and the pace of Federal Reserve actions [3][29] - The housing market showed volatility, with a decrease in existing home supply leading to fewer transactions in early 2025, although median home prices continued to rise [29][31] - Business sentiment improved in Q1 2025, with strong manufacturing data in January and February, although a dip was noted in March [32][34]

美联储戴利：经济稳健增长，劳动力市场稳健，通胀率下降，这正是我们希望达到的目标。目前的货币 政策能够应对经济中的各种变化，耐心是当下的关键词。 ...

智通财经APP获悉，美联储副主席菲利普·杰斐逊(Philip Jefferson)周三表示，最新的通胀数据显示美国 正在持续朝着美联储2%的通胀目标迈进，但未来的通胀走势仍面临不确定性，主要源于新一轮进口关 税可能推高物价。 尽管如此，杰斐逊也承认，当前企业与家庭的信心均有所下滑，他正在"密切关注经济活动在实际数据 中是否出现疲软的迹象"。他预计，美国经济增长将在今年有所放缓，但仍将保持正增长。 回顾此前的贸易政策，特朗普政府期间接连公布加征关税措施，将进口税率推至历史高位，但随后又推 迟了部分最激进的行动。这种反复和不确定性使得美联储难以评估关税对物价、经济增长和就业的最终 影响。 目前，美联储的官员们表示，他们将继续保持观望状态，等待贸易政策和其他政策调整的最终落实，以 便评估其对经济带来的实际影响。 他指出，关税是否会对通胀形成持续的上行压力，还取决于贸易政策的具体执行方式、对消费品价格的 传导程度、供应链的应对能力以及整体经济表现。 关于货币政策，杰斐逊重申他在上次联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)会议上支持维持利率不变的立场。他 认为当前4.25%至4.5%的"适度限制性"政策利率区间为应对未来可能出现 ...

杰斐逊表示，他支持在上次FOMC会议上维持政策利率不变，并认为目前4.25%至4.5%的利率仍在"适 度限制性"水平，"能充分应对可能出现的各种事态"。 杰斐逊表示，他认为劳动力市场仍然"稳固"，并认为美国经济今年头三个月出现的轻微萎缩受到进口数 据扭曲，使得GDP数据夸大了经济放缓的程度。 尽管如此，杰斐逊表示，企业和家庭的情绪有所下降，他"非常密切地关注硬数据中经济活动减弱的迹 象。" 美联储副主席杰斐逊周三表示，近期的通胀数据显示美联储在实现2%通胀目标方面持续取得进展，但 由于新的税收政策可能推高物价，前景现在充满不确定性。 周二公布的数据显示，美国4月CPI同比增速低于市场预期，但杰斐逊在纽约联储的一次活动中表示： "未来通胀路径存在很大的不确定性。如果迄今为止宣布的关税上调持续下去，它们可能会 中断通胀回落的进程，并至少产生暂时性的通胀上升。关税是否会产生持续的通胀上行压 力，将取决于贸易政策如何实施、向消费者价格的传导、供应链的反应以及经济的表现。" 此外，他确实预计美国今年经济增长将放缓，但仍将保持正增长。 特朗普政府持续不断地发布关税公告，将美国进口关税水平推至创纪录高位，但随后又推迟实施， ...

不确定通胀压力是否只是暂时的。 我们的任务面临的双方面的风险都在增加。 美联储副主席Jefferson： 美联储政策具备及时应对的能力。 近期的通胀数据与通胀迈向2%的目标水平一致。 政府政策效果可能在"一段时间内"不确定。 关税更高可能导致今年通胀更高。 下调了2025年的增长预期，但仍预计经济将增长。 从硬数据中寻找经济疲软的迹象。 ...