"辽宁人口实现净增长，主要归因于人口迁移流动。目前其出生人口仍少于死亡人口，但由于辽宁近年 来推出一系列有力政策，例如较具吸引力的人才政策，吸引了部分高学历人才。同时，辽宁营商环境持 续优化，资本投入增加，就业机会与环境逐步改善，外流人口开始回流。相比外出，在辽发展的性价比 更高。"辽宁大学公共管理学院人口、资源与环境中心主任宋丽敏对第一财经分析称。 根据辽宁省2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报，该年度辽宁省际净流入人口达8.6万人，扭转了自 2012年以来连续11年人口省际净流出的趋势。 类似地，2023年《吉林省国民经济和社会发展统计公报》显示，全省常住人口为2339.41万人，较上年 末净减少15.37万人。尽管人口仍在减少，但与往年（如2021年减少24万、2022年减少27万）相比，降 幅已明显收窄，外流速度减缓。此外，根据长春市官方发布的信息，2023年全市引进并留住高校毕业生 首次突破10万人，达到10.2万人。 曾连续多年占据全国劳动力平均年龄最高位置的东北三省，排名近期出现变化，内蒙古成为当前全国劳 动力平均年龄最老的省份。 12月14日，中央财经大学人力资本与劳动经济研究中心发布《中国人 ...

曾连续多年占据全国劳动力平均年龄最高位置的东北三省，排名近期出现变化，内蒙古成为当前全国劳 动力平均年龄最老的省份。 根据辽宁省2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报，该年度辽宁省际净流入人口达8.6万人，扭转了自 2012年以来连续11年人口省际净流出的趋势。 类似地，2023年《吉林省国民经济和社会发展统计公报》显示，全省常住人口为2339.41万人，较上年 末净减少15.37万人。尽管人口仍在减少，但与往年（如2021年减少24万、2022年减少27万）相比，降 幅已明显收窄，外流速度减缓。此外，根据长春市官方发布的信息，2023年全市引进并留住高校毕业生 首次突破10万人，达到10.2万人。 如果说东北三省是老龄化进程的"先行者"——很早就因体制转型、经济增长放缓和低生育率步入深度老 龄化，那么目前该地区已进入相对缓慢的"平台期"。而内蒙古凭借过去的能源繁荣和相对较高的生育 率，老龄化进程一度慢于东北。然而近年来，随着经济转型压力增大、青年人口外流加速以及长期低生 育率的累积效应显现，其劳动力平均年龄迅速上升。 据官方数据，内蒙古的出生率自2017年以来持续下降，2023年出生率为5.00‰，2024年 ...

智慧养老行业 丨研究报告 截至2024年底，我国60岁及以上人口已达3.1亿，占总人口22.0%，随着人口老龄化加速，传统养老模式面临严峻挑战。与此同时，科技革命为养老产业带来新机 遇，智慧养老通过技术+服务双轮驱动，不仅能满足老年人多层次需求，也为银发经济发展开辟新路径。 在此背景下， 系统梳 理智 慧养老 产业 生态、挖掘创新商业模式，不仅是回应社会需求的现实选择，更是推动产业从"野蛮生长"向"高质量发展"转型的关键支撑。 研究 内容 报告从行业背景、行业现状两大维度展开，全面剖析中国智慧养老行业的整体图景。 ➢行业背景 ： 政策层面 持续 加码 ，推动智慧养老战略地位不断提升。同时， 家庭结构变迁、老年群体消费升级、数字化接受度提高 等因素共同驱动行业发展。 技术革新正在重塑养老服务生态，推动产业向 精准化、个性化、高效化 方向发展。 序言： 在人口老龄化与数字化转型的历史交汇期，中国智慧养老产业正经历从"局部试点"到"全域渗透"、从"技术叠加"到"生态融合"的质变。 截至2024年，中国60岁以上人口突破3.1亿，占总人口比重攀升至22.0%。传统家庭养老功能弱化、机构养老供给不足、社区服务碎片化等问 ...

——完善治理规则更好应对全球挑战。与会代表指出，国际经济组织应进一步深化治理改革，让广大发 展中国家平等参与全球治理重大决策，更好应对人类社会面临的共同挑战。面对人工智能、气候变化、 人口老龄化等带来的机遇与挑战，国际经济组织愿发挥专业优势，完善新兴领域治理规则，弥补治理短 板。 廖岷强调，中国始终是多边主义和开放合作的坚定践行者和维护者，我们愿与包括国际经济组织在内的 国际社会一道，共同推动普惠包容的经济全球化深入发展，增加发展中国家发言权和代表性，提升多边 机制的权威和效能，切实改革和完善全球经济治理体系。(完) 中新社北京12月9日电 (记者赵建华)"1+10"对话会9日在北京举行。中国财政部副部长廖岷介绍，出席对 话会的10家国际经济组织都是全球治理体系的重要载体，在维护多边主义、支持全球发展、完善全球治 理等方面发挥着重要作用。在全球治理逆水行舟的关键时刻，与会国际经济组织负责人纷纷强调坚守多 边主义的重要性，呼吁团结共筑更具韧性的全球发展，携手应对层出不穷的全球性挑战，推动全球治理 朝着更加公正合理、高效有序的方向发展。 ——坚定维护并践行真正的多边主义。与会代表指出，在联合国成立80周年之际，要 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of demographic changes, particularly population aging, on tax revenue growth in China, emphasizing the need for policy adjustments to maintain tax bases and adapt to new economic realities [1][2][3]. Group 1: Population Dividend and Human Capital - China's large population creates a significant human capital base, which has been a source of economic value and tax revenue through various taxes such as value-added tax, corporate income tax, and personal income tax [2][3]. - The transition from a demographic dividend to a talent dividend is crucial for sustaining tax revenue growth as human capital becomes increasingly important in high-quality development [2][3]. Group 2: Challenges from Population Aging - By the end of 2024, over 220 million people in China will be aged 65 and above, accounting for 15.6% of the total population, posing challenges to tax revenue growth due to changes in labor supply and economic output [3][4]. - Aging leads to a reduction in the working-age population, increasing labor costs and compressing taxable profits, which negatively impacts corporate income tax revenue [3][4]. Group 3: Investment and Consumption Impacts - The rising proportion of retirees may decrease production investment, affecting value-added tax growth as older populations tend to spend on healthcare and basic services rather than productive investments [4][5]. - Changes in consumption patterns due to an aging population can limit the expansion of consumption tax bases, as older individuals have lower consumption elasticity and focus on essential spending [5][6]. Group 4: Policy Recommendations - To address the structural impacts of demographic changes on tax revenue, a comprehensive approach is needed, including optimizing tax sources, improving tax systems, and aligning industrial policies [6][7]. - Enhancing the adaptability of value-added tax to investment structure changes and reforming consumption tax to align with new consumption patterns are critical steps to maintain tax revenue [7][8]. - Strengthening the consistency of macroeconomic policies, including social and tax policies, is essential to create a dynamic balance between tax growth and demographic changes [8].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need for a comprehensive response to the structural impact of demographic changes on tax revenue, focusing on tax source optimization, tax system improvement, and coordinated industrial policies to foster a positive interaction between tax growth and demographic changes [1][6] Group 2 - The demographic dividend in China, characterized by a large population, is seen as a significant contributor to tax revenue, especially as human capital accumulates through advancements in education and technology, leading to increased economic value creation [2] - The transition from a demographic dividend to a talent dividend is crucial for enhancing tax bases, particularly as human capital becomes a key driver of tax revenue growth during the high-quality development phase [2] Group 3 - Population aging presents challenges to tax revenue growth by affecting labor supply, investment, and consumption, with projections indicating that by the end of 2024, over 220 million people aged 65 and above will represent 15.6% of the total population [3] - The reduction in the working-age population due to aging leads to increased labor costs and a potential decline in corporate profits, which negatively impacts corporate income tax revenue [3][4] Group 4 - The increase in retirees and the shift towards pension income, which contributes less to personal income tax compared to labor income, is expected to slow the growth of personal income tax revenue [4] - Aging populations tend to reduce the proportion of savings and investments, which can adversely affect value-added tax (VAT) growth, as older individuals prioritize spending on healthcare and basic services over productive investments [5] Group 5 - The consumption patterns of an aging population, characterized by lower elasticity and a focus on essential services, limit the expansion of traditional consumption tax bases, necessitating reforms to adapt to new consumption trends [5][8] - The need for tax reforms is highlighted to align consumption tax structures with the evolving consumption landscape, particularly in high-value and luxury service sectors, to ensure sustainable tax revenue growth [8] Group 6 - Recommendations include enhancing the personal income tax base by improving labor supply quality and stabilizing corporate profits through support for technological upgrades and automation [6][7] - The VAT system should be adapted to address the challenges posed by an aging population, including stabilizing input tax deductions and refining tax incentives to prevent revenue loss [7] Group 7 - A dynamic updating mechanism for the consumption tax system is proposed to align with emerging consumption patterns in green, digital, and shared economies, ensuring that tax bases remain relevant and effective [8] - The alignment of macroeconomic policies, including social and industrial policies with tax policies, is essential to maintain a controllable balance between tax growth and demographic changes [8]

Group 1 - The sixth annual media competition organized by Economic Observer has concluded, focusing on the theme "Grandma's Medicine Cabinet," which encourages young journalists to explore the medication needs and changes of the elderly, reflecting on the broader issues of aging population and healthcare reform [1] - The competition featured a campus outreach program where executives and young professionals from the newspaper engaged with students, sharing insights on news practices and industry trends, while promoting the concept of collaborative education between academia and industry [1] - The competition recognized outstanding works that addressed the growing medical needs of the elderly, showcasing students' awareness of important topics such as medication safety and inequality in medication access [2] Group 2 - Award-winning entries from the competition were submitted to the National College Student Economic News Competition, with four pieces receiving accolades, including "Fifteen Years of Medical Insurance in the Medicine Cabinet" and "Small Medicine Box, Big Policy: The Resonance of Chronic Disease Certification and Medical Insurance Reform" [2] - The recognition from the dual awards serves as motivation for students engaged in news practice, with hopes that the media competition will become a more influential platform in the era of multimedia [2] - The event involved collaboration with various universities, including Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Beijing Sport University, and others, highlighting the extensive participation from educational institutions [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the significant decline in China's birth rate and its implications for the country's demographic structure and global population share [4][7][9] - China's newborn population is projected to drop below 7% of the global total, a stark contrast to the nearly 25% share in the early years of the People's Republic [4][12] - The total fertility rate in China has fallen to around 1.1, significantly below the replacement level of 2.1, indicating a demographic crisis [16][18] Group 2 - Historical data shows that China's share of global newborns peaked at 27.3% in 1964 and has been in decline ever since, with projections indicating further drops in the coming years [12][23] - By 2030, China's birth rate is expected to be around 834,000, and by 2050, it may fall to 698,000, reflecting a continuous downward trend [21][23] - The article discusses the high costs of raising children in China, which contribute to the declining birth rate, with average costs for raising a child from 0-3 years being approximately 74,612 yuan per year [29][40] Group 3 - The article emphasizes that while the declining birth rate may pose challenges, it could also lead to improved living standards and reduced environmental pressures [45][49] - It suggests that a smaller population may facilitate better resource allocation and enhance public services such as education and healthcare [49][51] - The article concludes that the decline in population should not be viewed solely as negative, as it may provide opportunities for sustainable development and improved quality of life [51][53]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of integrating "promoting employment, increasing income, and stabilizing expectations" as an inseparable whole, requiring a comprehensive approach to address these areas effectively [4]. Group 1: Five Combinations for a New Macroeconomic Paradigm - The first combination is between addressing cyclical shocks and maintaining long-term growth, suggesting that both short-term fluctuations and long-term trends should be analyzed together [5]. - The second combination involves integrating supply-side potential growth capabilities with demand-side driving forces, highlighting the need to consider both supply and demand factors in macroeconomic analysis [5]. - The third combination focuses on the integration of primary income distribution and redistribution, indicating that both areas require attention to reduce income disparities [5]. - The fourth combination stresses the need to combine "investment in physical assets" with "investment in human capital," recognizing the dual role of human investment in enhancing welfare and driving economic growth [6]. - The fifth combination advocates for the use of various policy tools in a coordinated manner, ensuring that different macroeconomic, social, and labor market policies work together effectively [7]. Group 2: Structural Focus on Employment - The article highlights the current structural changes in the employment landscape, noting a significant shift towards new employment forms such as gig economy and platform jobs, which now account for over 60% of urban employment [10][11]. - It discusses the "involution" of labor mobility, where the flow of labor is stagnating and becoming localized, leading to reduced productivity growth [12][13]. - The article identifies the "age duality" in employment challenges, focusing on the difficulties faced by both young job seekers and older workers, necessitating a comprehensive lifelong training system [14]. Group 3: Increasing Income - The article outlines the dual goals of increasing income: raising per capita income levels and improving income distribution structures, while acknowledging the natural deceleration of income growth [15]. - It points out the need for strong policy interventions to prevent widening income disparities, particularly in urban areas, despite improvements in rural income [16]. - The article emphasizes the potential for enhancing income redistribution through tax reforms and expanding social security systems to achieve more equitable income distribution [16]. Group 4: Stabilizing Expectations - The article asserts that stabilizing expectations hinges on institutional development, addressing uncertainties caused by technological impacts on employment and the challenges of an aging population [18]. - It suggests that while productivity growth can outpace aging population challenges, establishing a fair system for sharing productivity gains is crucial for stabilizing expectations [19].

（原标题：IMF建议韩国延长退休年龄至65岁） 据韩联社11月26日报道，国际货币基金组织(IMF)发布报告提及关于建议韩国推进延长法定退休年 龄并对国民年金领取制度进行改革，这些建议旨在解决人口老龄化和劳动力市场的问题，以确保经济的 长期稳定和可持续性。据IMF透露,建议将退休年龄从60岁提高到65岁，并把年金领取年龄推迟到68 岁。报告指出，韩国的65岁以上年龄段及70岁以上年龄段雇佣率已分别达到OECD国家平均水平的2倍 和3倍。此外，IMF建议修改目前韩国僵硬的工资结构，使工资增长与生产率和员工能力相匹配，而不 是简单地随着工龄增加而增长。 ...