Core Viewpoint - Future industries are leading the technological revolution and represent a strategic high ground in global competition, encompassing areas such as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, biomanufacturing, and aerospace technology [1] Summary by Categories Technological Innovation - Technological innovation is the core engine driving the development of future industries, with breakthroughs in disruptive technologies being essential for progress. For instance, the "Nine Chapters No. 3" quantum computing prototype developed by the University of Science and Technology of China can solve Gaussian boson sampling problems one quintillion times faster than the fastest supercomputer globally, positioning China as a leader in the quantum computing sector [2] Policy Support - Policy support is crucial for the development of future industries, which are characterized by high investment, long cycles, and significant uncertainty. The Central Committee's recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan emphasize the need for forward-looking layouts in future industries and the promotion of sectors like quantum technology, biomanufacturing, hydrogen energy, and sixth-generation mobile communications as new economic growth points [2] Capital Empowerment - Sufficient and diverse capital supply is key to accelerating the transition of technologies from laboratories to markets, thereby forming future industries. China has established a multi-tiered capital market system, including the main board, Sci-Tech Innovation Board, Growth Enterprise Market, New Third Board, and regional equity markets, enhancing the capital market's ability to support technological innovation and high-level self-reliance [2] Talent Development - Talent cultivation is a lasting driving force for future industries, as competition fundamentally revolves around high-end talent. There is a growing need for interdisciplinary talent who understand both fundamental research and industrial applications. Cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou are implementing talent introduction policies to support core R&D personnel in future industries, with financial incentives of up to 500,000 yuan [3] Systematic Integration - The development of future industries is not merely a combination of the four core elements but requires a collaborative and integrated approach. For example, technological innovation provides value targets for capital empowerment, while policy support and talent development facilitate continuous breakthroughs in technological innovation [3]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - Zhejiang Province has prominent regional advantages, a well - developed economy and finance, and a relatively low government debt burden. It is accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading and has received strong policy support [3][5]. - Although the general public budget revenues of all prefecture - level cities in Zhejiang Province have increased, the government - funded budget revenues have declined due to the real estate industry. The government debt scale of each city has increased, with Hangzhou having a relatively light debt burden [3]. - Zhejiang has a large number of urban investment enterprises with outstanding bonds and a large bond outstanding scale, mainly concentrated in the cities around the Hangzhou Bay Greater Area. Affected by the debt - resolution policy, the issuance scale of urban investment bonds in Zhejiang declined in 2024, and the financing was in a net outflow state. Since 2025, the issuance term has been further extended, and the financing has turned into a net inflow [3]. - The total debt of urban investment enterprises in Zhejiang has continued to grow, with the debt structure mainly relying on bank financing. In 2026, the maturity scale of urban investment bonds in Taizhou is relatively concentrated. In 2024, Huzhou and Shaoxing had relatively high regional debt pressures [4]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Zhejiang Province's Economic and Fiscal Strength 3.1.1 Regional Characteristics and Economic Development in Zhejiang Province - Zhejiang has prominent regional advantages, with well - developed transportation infrastructure, a significant port economy, a continuous net inflow of permanent residents, and a high urbanization rate. In 2024, its GDP ranked fourth in the country, and its per - capita GDP ranked fifth. In the first half of 2025, its GDP continued to grow at a rate higher than the national average [5][7][8]. - The industrial structure is dominated by the secondary and tertiary industries, with the proportion of the tertiary industry continuously increasing. The province has a solid industrial foundation, a well - developed private economy, and is steadily developing new productive forces. It is accelerating the construction of the "415X" advanced manufacturing cluster and focusing on cultivating future industries [9][11][14]. - A series of policies have provided strong support for Zhejiang's economic development. The province has completed the "14th Five - Year Plan" with high quality. By the end of 2025, its economic aggregate is expected to reach about 9.5 trillion yuan, and the per - capita GDP is expected to exceed 20,000 US dollars [16][18]. 3.1.2 Fiscal Strength and Debt Situation in Zhejiang Province - Zhejiang has strong fiscal strength. In 2024, its general public budget revenue ranked third in the country, with high revenue quality and fiscal self - sufficiency rate. Although the government - funded revenue continued to decline, it still contributed significantly to the local comprehensive financial resources. In the first half of 2025, the general public budget revenue changed little year - on - year, but the revenue quality declined [20]. - The provincial government's debt burden is relatively low in the country. In recent years, the local government debt scale has been increasing, with the debt balance ranking fourth in the country at the end of 2024. The local government debt ratio and debt - to - GDP ratio have been rising [21]. - Zhejiang has continued to receive debt - resolution policy support. In 2024 and from January to September 2025, it issued special refinancing bonds of 10.9 billion yuan and 8.14 billion yuan respectively. In 2025, it applied for a new government debt quota of 378.8 billion yuan [23]. 3.2 Economic and Fiscal Strength of Prefecture - Level Cities in Zhejiang Province 3.2.1 Economic Strength and Industrial Situation of Prefecture - Level Cities in Zhejiang Province - Most prefecture - level cities in Zhejiang have a per - capita GDP higher than the national average, but the economic development elements are unevenly distributed, and the GDP gap between cities is large. The economic vitality increases from the southwest to the northeast. The pillar industries of cities around the Hangzhou Bay Greater Area are manufacturing, with many national industrial parks and listed companies [25]. - The cities around the Hangzhou Bay Greater Area and in the southeast mainly have manufacturing as their pillar industries, while those in the southwest mainly rely on the tertiary industry. Each city has its own dominant and emerging industries [27][29]. - In 2024, the GDP of Hangzhou and Ningbo exceeded 2 trillion yuan and 1.8 trillion yuan respectively, accounting for more than 44% of Zhejiang's GDP. Except for Hangzhou, the GDP growth rates of other cities were higher than the national average. The per - capita GDP of cities around the Hangzhou Bay Greater Area was significantly higher than that of other regions [32][33]. 3.2.2 Fiscal Strength and Debt Situation of Prefecture - Level Cities in Zhejiang Province - The general public budget revenues of all prefecture - level cities in Zhejiang have increased, but the scale gap is significant. Hangzhou and Ningbo lead by a large margin. Affected by the real estate industry, the government - funded budget revenues of all cities have declined. Cities with low fiscal self - sufficiency rates rely more on superior subsidies [34]. - The fiscal self - sufficiency rates of prefecture - level cities are highly polarized. In 2024, Hangzhou had a fiscal self - sufficiency rate close to 100%, while Quzhou and Lishui had rates of only 32% and 30% respectively [36]. - The government debt scale of each prefecture - level city has increased, with Hangzhou having a relatively light debt burden. Except for Hangzhou, the local government debt ratios of other cities exceeded 100% in 2024. Zhejiang is continuing to prevent and resolve local debt risks [38][41][43]. 3.3 Debt - Repayment Ability of Urban Investment Enterprises in Zhejiang Province 3.3.1 Overview of Urban Investment Enterprises in Zhejiang Province - As of the end of September 2025, there were 479 urban investment enterprises with outstanding bonds in Zhejiang, an increase of 22 compared to the end of October 2024. The administrative levels of these enterprises are mainly concentrated at the district - county level, and most are located in cities around the Hangzhou Bay Greater Area. The main credit ratings are AA and AA+ [44]. 3.3.2 Issuance and Outstanding Situation of Urban Investment Bonds in Zhejiang Province - Affected by the debt - resolution policy, the issuance scale of urban investment bonds in Zhejiang declined in 2024, but the outstanding scale remained large, mainly concentrated in cities around the Hangzhou Bay Greater Area. The financing of urban investment bonds showed a net outflow. Since 2025, the issuance term has been further extended, and the financing has turned into a net inflow [48]. - In 2024, the number and scale of urban investment bond issuances in Zhejiang decreased by 16.13% and 19.78% respectively compared to the previous year. From January to September 2025, the number and scale of issuances decreased by 11.04% and 17.65% respectively compared to the same period in the previous year [49]. - In 2024, the issuance term of urban investment bonds in Zhejiang shifted to long - term. From January to September 2025, the proportion of 5 - year bonds increased by 5.2 percentage points compared to the whole year of 2024 [50]. - In 2024, the net financing of urban investment bonds in Zhejiang turned negative, with a net outflow of about 2 billion yuan. From January to September 2025, it turned into a net inflow of 1.4051 billion yuan [52]. - As of the end of September 2025, the outstanding scale of urban investment bonds in Zhejiang was 200.61 billion yuan, with Hangzhou having the largest balance [55]. 3.3.3 Analysis of the Debt - Repayment Ability of Urban Investment Enterprises in Zhejiang Province - The total debt of urban investment enterprises in Zhejiang has continued to grow, with the debt structure mainly relying on bank loans. In 2026, the maturity scale of urban investment bonds in Taizhou is relatively concentrated. At the end of 2024, the coverage of short - term debt by cash - like assets decreased. Since 2024, the cash flow from financing activities has remained in a net inflow state, indicating strong financing ability [57]. - As of the end of 2024, the total debt of urban investment enterprises in Zhejiang reached 8.25 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 11.9%. As of the end of June 2025, it increased by 6.6% compared to the end of 2024 [58]. - As of the end of 2024, bank financing accounted for 62.9% of the total debt of urban investment enterprises in Zhejiang, with the proportion continuously increasing. The proportion of bond financing in Shaoxing, Huzhou, and Zhoushan exceeded 30%, and the proportion of other financing in Jinhua and Zhoushan exceeded 15% [58]. - As of the end of September 2025, the scale of urban investment bonds due in 2026 and 2027 was about 700 billion yuan and 450 billion yuan respectively, accounting for about 36% and 23% of the total. The proportion of bonds due in Taizhou in 2026 was 46.7%, relatively concentrated [61]. - As of the end of June 2025, the total debt capitalization ratio of urban investment enterprises in each prefecture - level city increased, all exceeding 50%, with those in Shaoxing, Jinhua, and Taizhou exceeding 60% [61]. - At the end of 2024, the coverage of short - term debt by cash - like assets of urban investment enterprises in Zhejiang decreased compared to the end of 2023. As of the end of June 2025, the cash - to - short - term debt ratio of each city increased compared to the end of the previous year, but except for Ningbo and Wenzhou, it was still lower than that at the end of 2023 [63]. - In 2024, the cash flow from financing activities of urban investment enterprises in Zhejiang remained in a net inflow state, but the net inflow scale decreased year - on - year. In the first half of 2025, it still maintained a net inflow state, and the net inflow of Shaoxing, Quzhou, and Zhoushan exceeded the whole - year level of 2024 [63][64]. 3.3.4 Support and Guarantee Ability of Fiscal Revenues of Prefecture - Level Cities in Zhejiang for the Debt of Bond - Issuing Urban Investment Enterprises - Among the prefecture - level cities in Zhejiang, the scale of "local government debt + total debt of bond - issuing urban investment enterprises" in Hangzhou is the largest, followed by Ningbo, Shaoxing, Huzhou, and Jiaxing. The ratio of "local government debt + total debt of bond - issuing urban investment enterprises" to comprehensive financial resources in most cities exceeds 400%, with Shaoxing and Huzhou approaching 1000%, indicating relatively high regional debt pressures [65].

文/ 资本市场学院研究员 徐雅婷 ，中国人民大学深圳研究生院专职研究员 邢洋 为促进健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制，支持构建同科技创新相适 应的科技金融体制，本文从产业金融供给、产业政策支持、产业生态构建 三个 维度对比 分析了 北 上 深津 常 以科 技金 融赋 能合 成生 物产 业发 展 的做 法，认为目前仍存在早期企业股权融资不足、银行信贷支持额小期短等问 题，建议下一步可在采取多维金融赋能方式、推动政策供给实施、完善产 业生态建设等方面支持合成生物产业发展。 习近平总书记强调，"要做好科技金融这篇文章，引导金融资本投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技"。《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代 化的决定》提出要"建立未来产业投入增长机制"。目前，我国已初步建成了包括创业投资、银行信贷、保险、股票市场和债券市场等在内的多层次科技金 融服务体系，为新质生产力的形成与发展提供着强劲动力。然而，目前对科技金融赋能未来产业发展的逻辑和实践相关总结较为缺乏，本文基于合成生物 产业的特点，梳理科技金融赋能未来产业的逻辑与实践，在总结相关经验基础上提出政策建议。 科技金融赋能未来产业的逻辑 科技金融赋能未来产业的 ...

Core Insights - The 2024 innovation index for Yangpu District, Shanghai, shows an 8.3% increase compared to the previous year, indicating a continuous accumulation of innovative resources and an enhancement of the innovation environment [1] - Yangpu's innovation index has maintained stable growth over the past nine years, with an average annual compound growth rate of 12.9% [1] Group 1: Innovation Investment and Talent - In 2024, Yangpu's local fiscal expenditure on science and technology reached 2.362 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21.9%, accounting for 8.6% of the general public budget, which is 2.2 percentage points higher than the Shanghai average [1] - The R&D investment intensity in Yangpu for 2024 is 4.83%, up by 0.51 percentage points, exceeding the Shanghai average by 0.48 percentage points, indicating enhanced technological innovation capabilities [1] - The number of high-level talents in Yangpu reached 1,246 in 2024, reflecting an 11.5% year-on-year growth, showcasing a stable "talent pyramid" structure [1] Group 2: Development of Innovation Entities - Yangpu has established a multi-dimensional cultivation system for innovative enterprises, with 12 provincial and ministerial-level technology business incubators in 2024, a 9.1% increase [2] - There are 45 specialized technical service platforms in Shanghai, up by 15.4%, providing professional support for enterprise innovation and reducing innovation costs [2] - The number of enterprise technology centers has reached 111, serving as key carriers for the regional technological innovation system [2] Group 3: Innovation Output and Economic Transition - The transaction amount of technology contracts in Yangpu for 2024 is 23.09 billion yuan, a 16.4% increase, indicating improved liquidity and activity in the technology factor market [3] - The number of invention patents per 10,000 people in Yangpu is 152, a 7.0% year-on-year increase, with high-value invention patents exceeding the Shanghai average by 2.1 [3] - The digital economy in Yangpu is rapidly developing, with over 30% of total enterprises being digital companies and contributing more than 40% to total tax revenue [3] Group 4: Optimizing Innovation Ecosystem - Yangpu is focused on creating a "tropical rainforest" style innovation ecosystem, continuously upgrading its business environment to enhance enterprise confidence [3] - The district is committed to deepening its digital economy and strategically planning for future industrial tracks, promoting the integration of technological and industrial innovation [3]

Core Insights - The 20th China Economic Forum was held in Guangzhou, focusing on promoting Chinese-style modernization and high-level opening-up [1] Group 1: Manufacturing Industry - By the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, China's manufacturing industry accounted for over 30% of the global share, making it the third country to reach this milestone after the UK and the US [3] - China has shed the label of being "large but not strong" in manufacturing, leading in five out of the ten most important manufacturing sectors and keeping pace in the other five [5] - Despite significant progress, the manufacturing sector still faces three major issues: high energy consumption, low profits, and low total factor productivity, which need to be addressed through the development of new quality productivity [5] Group 2: Strategic Emerging Industries - Investment in strategic emerging industries such as new energy, new materials, biomedicine, high-end equipment, and artificial intelligence is projected to attract at least 100 trillion yuan from the 15th Five-Year Plan until 2040 [5] - Guangdong has established nine trillion-level industrial clusters, including new-generation electronic information and advanced materials industries, with emerging industries like AI and autonomous driving rapidly developing [5][7] Group 3: Service Trade and Economic Development - The average growth rate of China's productive service industry during the 14th Five-Year Plan was around 12%, nearly three times the GDP growth rate [11] - China's service trade has become the second largest globally, with significant potential for growth as it has maintained a long-term trade deficit in this sector [11] - The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is positioned as a key area for expanding service trade and exploring institutional openness [13][16] Group 4: Future Economic Outlook - The Greater Bay Area is expected to become the world's largest economic and innovation center by 2035 if the 11 cities within it further integrate [16] - The 15th Five-Year Plan is seen as a strategic opportunity for Chinese companies to transition from "Chinese leaders" to "global giants" [13]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the strategic importance of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) as a new economic growth point, as highlighted in the "14th Five-Year Plan" [1] - BCIs are defined as technologies that capture subtle changes in brain electrical signals, decode intentions, and enable control of machines without physical interaction [2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" specifically mentions BCIs due to their interdisciplinary nature, involving neuroscience, materials, chips, AI, and clinical medicine, indicating strong potential for development [3] Group 2 - BCIs are currently being applied in various fields, with healthcare being a particularly vibrant area; for instance, a patient with ALS was able to communicate using a BCI implant [4] - The BCI market in China is projected to exceed 5.5 billion yuan by 2027, indicating significant growth potential [4] - Policy initiatives are being implemented to support the BCI industry, including a plan for key technological breakthroughs by 2027 and a goal for comprehensive strength to rank among the world's top by 2030 [5]

Core Viewpoint - The provincial government is focused on enhancing economic resilience and promoting high-quality development through various initiatives, including technological innovation and improved service sectors [1][2]. Economic Development - The provincial government recognizes the long-term potential and resilience of the economy, emphasizing the need for confidence and targeted efforts to achieve optimal results during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and to set a strong foundation for the "15th Five-Year Plan" [2]. - Key areas of focus include stabilizing key industries such as steel and oil, supporting enterprises in digital transformation, and fostering the integration of technological and industrial innovation [2]. Technological Innovation - Higher education institutions are encouraged to strengthen organized research and enhance the conversion of scientific achievements into productive forces by improving talent supply and establishing technology parks and pilot bases [3]. Service Sector Enhancement - The government plans to implement actions to boost service sector capacity and quality, maintain stable commercial circulation, and expand the scale of the platform economy [2]. - New consumption models such as event economy, silver economy, and national trend economy are to be developed to stimulate service consumption [2]. Investment and Business Environment - The government aims to enhance the role of public investment to stimulate private investment, improve project planning, and increase efforts in attracting investment [2]. - A comprehensive approach will be taken to optimize the business environment, focusing on public services, access to resources, fair competition, and legal frameworks [2]. Education and Workforce Development - Vocational schools are urged to align their educational direction with industry needs and improve their management to promote high-quality development in modern vocational education [3].

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" outlines China's development blueprint for the next five years, emphasizing the importance of understanding it to identify future investment opportunities [2][16]. Group 1: Emerging Industries and Investment Opportunities - The plan aims to cultivate and expand emerging and future industries, potentially creating several trillion-level markets [7]. - The next decade could see the scale of new industries equivalent to recreating China's high-tech industry [7]. Group 2: Key Focus Areas for Technological Advancement - The plan emphasizes the need for breakthroughs in critical core technologies across various sectors, including integrated circuits, industrial mother machines, and high-end instruments [8]. - It highlights the role of enterprises in driving technological innovation and supporting the growth of high-tech and technology-oriented SMEs [9]. Group 3: Domestic Market Development - The strategy includes measures to strengthen the domestic market and facilitate a smooth domestic circulation, focusing on expanding consumption and developing international consumer center cities [10][11]. - It calls for a shift from price competition to quality competition among enterprises to establish a healthy market order [11]. Group 4: National Security and Emerging Fields - The plan addresses the need to enhance security capabilities in traditional areas like food and energy, as well as emerging fields such as artificial intelligence and biotechnology [12]. - This focus on security is expected to create new development opportunities in sectors like cybersecurity, national defense, and energy resources [12]. Group 5: Investment Themes in A-Share Market - Five key investment themes are identified: hard technology sectors such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, industrial mother machines, new energy, and biomanufacturing [14]. - The plan aims to rectify disorderly competition, which may benefit leading companies in solar energy, lithium batteries, and new energy vehicles [14]. - There is a strong emphasis on boosting consumption in sectors like automotive, housing, and tourism, indicating potential growth in these areas [14]. - The implementation of major national strategies and the enhancement of security capabilities are expected to drive growth in industries like construction materials, machinery, new energy, and cybersecurity [14]. - The financial sector is also highlighted, with banks, securities, and insurance institutions currently valued at historical lows, suggesting potential for recovery [14].

Core Viewpoint - Liuyang is strategically focusing on "strong industry city" initiatives, leveraging Jinyang Science and Technology City to develop future industries, particularly in biomedicine, artificial intelligence, and air economy [2][15]. Group 1: Innovation and Industry Development - Jinyang Science and Technology City is witnessing a surge in innovation, with projects like the modernized traditional Chinese medicine and a new class of macromolecular anti-cancer drugs expected to break new ground in Liuyang's pharmaceutical sector [2][4]. - The establishment of the "Three-Year Action Plan for the Development of Liuyang's Biopharmaceutical Industry Chain (2025-2027)" aims to provide policy incentives, including rent exemptions and subsidies for R&D investments [5][6]. - Warner Pharmaceutical, a leading biopharmaceutical company in Liuyang, has significantly increased its R&D investment to 158 million yuan in 2024, marking a 53.45% increase from the previous year [6]. Group 2: Digital Transformation - Liuyang is actively promoting digital transformation in traditional industries, exemplified by the implementation of AI systems in manufacturing, which has drastically reduced safety inspection times from 10 minutes to 30 seconds [8][11]. - The integration of AI and automation in companies like Lens Technology and Huike Optoelectronics is enhancing production efficiency and product quality, contributing to the growth of the electronic information and high-end manufacturing sectors [9][10]. Group 3: Transportation and Logistics - The proximity to Huanghua Airport is a key advantage for Liuyang's future industry layout, with plans for a 30-square-kilometer air economic zone focusing on biopharmaceutical logistics and cross-border e-commerce [12][13]. - The construction of transportation infrastructure, including the Chang-Liu Maglev line, aims to create a "25-minute air circle," facilitating efficient logistics for high-demand products [13][14]. Group 4: Policy Support and Talent Attraction - Liuyang's government has established a comprehensive policy framework to support the entire lifecycle of enterprises, resulting in the addition of 261 new high-tech enterprises in 2024 [15]. - The city is actively attracting high-level talent, having recruited over 120 professionals and numerous overseas returnees, enhancing its innovation capabilities [15][16].

Group 1 - The core focus of the article is on the development of a modern industrial system in China during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the integration of technological and industrial innovation to strengthen the real economy [9][10][12] - The article highlights the importance of traditional industries, such as steel and pharmaceuticals, in driving economic growth and their ongoing transformation through digitalization and automation [12][13][14] - The article mentions that since 2016, companies like Hunan Huazhong Steel have been implementing smart manufacturing solutions, resulting in significant efficiency improvements, such as reducing the steel slab rotation time from 6.7 seconds to 3.93 seconds [12][13] Group 2 - The article discusses the emergence of new and future industries, particularly in sectors like renewable energy, aerospace, and low-altitude economy, as part of the strategic focus for the "14th Five-Year Plan" [15][16] - Companies like Hidi Intelligent Driving Technology are capitalizing on market demands for automation in hazardous environments, such as mining, with significant policy support driving growth in this sector [16][18] - The article notes that the humanoid robot market in China is expected to reach approximately 870 billion yuan by 2030, indicating rapid growth in the robotics sector [17] Group 3 - The article emphasizes the need for collaborative innovation among government, enterprises, and research institutions to create a conducive environment for the development of a modern industrial system [19][20] - It highlights the establishment of over 230 excellent smart factories and 1,260 5G factories in China since the beginning of the "14th Five-Year Plan," showcasing the country's commitment to advancing its manufacturing capabilities [13][19] - The article points out that the value added by the "new economy" is projected to exceed 18% of GDP by 2024, indicating a significant shift towards new industries and business models [18][22]