Core Viewpoint - Climate extremization has become a norm, with global warming leading to intensified rainfall and drought conditions in specific regions, resulting in sudden shifts between drought and flooding [1][3][8]. Group 1: Extreme Weather Events - Recent years have seen a significant increase in extreme weather events globally, with high temperatures, floods, and storms becoming more frequent and intense [5][6]. - In July, the average temperature in Henan Province reached 30.5°C, 3.2°C higher than the historical average, marking the hottest period in 64 years [2]. - Northern China experienced above-average rainfall, with Inner Mongolia recording the highest precipitation for this period since 1961 [2][3]. Group 2: Impact on Agriculture - Extreme weather is adversely affecting major grain-producing areas in China, with high temperatures and heavy rainfall impacting crop growth and increasing irrigation costs [3][14]. - The growth of winter wheat is particularly vulnerable to insufficient low-temperature periods, which can lead to premature ear formation and reduced yields [15]. - High temperatures can cause corn leaves to curl, affecting photosynthesis and increasing water requirements, thus raising irrigation costs for farmers [15]. Group 3: Future Projections and Preparedness - The ongoing climate crisis requires urgent action, with a need for five times the current effort to effectively address climate challenges [11]. - Transitioning to green renewable energy is essential, despite the associated costs, as it presents significant industrial opportunities while mitigating future disaster losses [11]. - The upcoming weather patterns indicate that northern regions may continue to face flooding, while southern areas will experience heightened drought conditions [12]. Group 4: Economic Implications - The volatility of agricultural prices due to extreme weather events is expected to persist, with "weather-related price hikes" becoming more common [16]. - Developing countries may be disproportionately affected by extreme climate events, leading to potential resource conflicts and social instability [17]. - Industries related to agriculture may need to adapt their insurance models and financial tools to better manage the risks associated with climate change [18]. Group 5: Urban Planning and Infrastructure - The concept of sponge cities is being emphasized, but their capacity to handle extreme rainfall is limited, necessitating additional strategies for flood management [19][20]. - Urban planning must evolve to incorporate designs that can effectively manage high temperatures and heavy rainfall, ensuring resilience against climate impacts [18][20].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events due to global warming, highlighting the challenges in accurately predicting extreme rainfall and the need for improved early warning systems [1][7]. Group 1: Extreme Weather Events - Recent extreme weather events include high temperatures in Wuhan and heavy rainfall in Beijing, prompting various weather warnings [1]. - The article emphasizes that global warming is leading to more frequent and severe extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall and heatwaves [7]. Group 2: Challenges in Weather Prediction - Accurate prediction of extreme rainfall remains difficult due to the inherent instability of the atmosphere and limitations in current observation systems and weather prediction models [2][3]. - A study on the 2021 Zhengzhou heavy rainfall revealed that even with advanced scientific methods, predicting the exact timing and location of extreme rainfall remains a challenge [2]. Group 3: Atmospheric Circulation and Its Impact - Atmospheric circulation significantly influences the distribution and intensity of precipitation, with specific patterns linked to extreme rainfall events in regions like Beijing [4]. - Historical data indicates that certain atmospheric circulation types have repeatedly led to extreme rainfall in the Beijing area [4]. Group 4: Broader Implications of Climate Change - Global warming is causing shifts in atmospheric circulation, leading to changes in precipitation patterns, such as the northward movement of the subtropical high-pressure system [7]. - The widening of the tropics and increased atmospheric instability due to global warming may result in more intense extreme weather events [7]. Group 5: Need for Improved Early Warning Systems - The article stresses the importance of a comprehensive early warning system that involves collaboration across various sectors, including government, research institutions, media, and the public [9][10]. - Effective communication and trust in warning systems are crucial, as false alarms can lead to public skepticism [10]. Group 6: Urban Planning and Adaptation - Current urban infrastructure often relies on historical data for rainfall predictions, which may not be sufficient under changing climate conditions [12]. - There is a need for cities to adapt their planning and infrastructure to account for increased rainfall intensity due to climate change, emphasizing the importance of both hardware and software solutions in urban management [12].

自7月起， 伊朗多地发布高温预警，停水停电频发。 气象专家说，进入夏季后，伊朗全国平均 气温较正常水平偏高约1.2摄氏度。 据多家媒体分析，随着全球气候变暖，伊朗近年来频繁遭遇极端高温天气。地下水资源过度开发 加上管理不善等问题，使伊朗全国多地面临缺水危机。 报道说， 水资源和电力短缺已成为伊朗民众目前的主要担忧。 在德黑兰部分区域和伊朗其他50 多个城市， 停水时间最长已达48小时。 据伊朗伊斯兰共和国通讯社报道，伊朗全国水库蓄水量平均只有正常水平的约44%，向德黑兰供 水的各水库的蓄水量仅余20%。德黑兰省供水公司说，水库水量已降至"一个世纪以来最低"。 伊朗总统马苏德·佩泽希齐扬上周警告道，形势很严峻，如果不节约用水，向德黑兰供水的水库 可能最晚10月就会干涸。 来源：新华社 据多家媒体报道， 伊朗缺水危机持续，首都德黑兰大量公共卫生间被迫关闭。 德新社2日报道说，德黑兰市政部门对公共卫生间关闭的报道不予置评，不过一些民众证实当地 许多公共卫生间已关闭，其中包括地铁站内的卫生间。 E E M FR FR 点击下载中国基金报客户端 ■ 中国基金报内容矩阵 ■ 巅峰对话 投资热点说 ETF风向标 IPO情报 ...

Core Viewpoint - Iran is facing a severe water crisis, particularly in Tehran, where many public restrooms have been forced to close due to water shortages. The situation has raised significant concerns among the population regarding water and electricity supply [3][4]. Group 1: Water Supply Situation - The average water reservoir capacity in Iran is only about 44% of normal levels, with reservoirs supplying Tehran at a mere 20% capacity. This is reported to be the lowest level in a century [4]. - Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian has warned that if water conservation measures are not implemented, the reservoirs supplying Tehran could run dry by October [4]. Group 2: Climate and Environmental Factors - Since July, Iran has issued high-temperature warnings, leading to frequent water and electricity outages. The average temperature across Iran has been approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius higher than normal since the onset of summer [4]. - The country has been experiencing extreme heat due to global climate change, compounded by over-extraction of groundwater and poor management practices, resulting in a widespread water crisis [4].

Core Viewpoint - Iran is facing a severe water crisis, leading to the closure of public restrooms in Tehran and raising concerns among the population regarding water and electricity shortages [1] Water Supply Situation - The average water reservoir capacity in Iran is only about 44% of normal levels, with reservoirs supplying Tehran at just 20% of capacity [1] - The water levels in reservoirs have reached the lowest point in a century, according to the Tehran Water Supply Company [1] Government Response - Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian warned that the situation is critical, stating that if water conservation measures are not implemented, the reservoirs supplying Tehran could run dry by October [1] Climate and Environmental Factors - Since July, Iran has issued high-temperature warnings, with frequent water and electricity outages reported [1] - Meteorological experts noted that the average temperature in Iran has been approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius higher than normal since the onset of summer [1] - The country has been experiencing extreme heat due to global climate change, compounded by over-extraction of groundwater and poor management practices [1]

Core Viewpoint - Iran is facing a severe water crisis exacerbated by extreme heat, with water supply interruptions lasting up to 48 hours in some areas, including Tehran [1] Group 1: Water Supply Situation - Water reservoir levels in Iran are currently at less than half of the normal capacity [1] - The water levels in Tehran's reservoirs have reached the lowest point in a century [1] Group 2: Climate and Weather Conditions - Since July, multiple regions in Iran have issued heat warnings, leading to frequent water and electricity outages [1] - The average temperature across Iran has been approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius higher than normal since the onset of summer [1] Group 3: Contributing Factors - The worsening water crisis in Iran is attributed to global climate change, resulting in more frequent extreme heat events [1] - Over-extraction of groundwater resources and poor management practices have further aggravated the water scarcity issue across the country [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall in northern China, and the challenges associated with accurately forecasting such events due to climate change and atmospheric instability [4][10][18]. Group 1: Extreme Weather Events - Northern regions are experiencing significant rainfall, with Beijing facing a record 147 hours of continuous rain, marking the longest duration of heavy rainfall in its meteorological history [6]. - The Central Meteorological Observatory issued blue alerts for heavy rain, predicting substantial rainfall across various regions, including parts of Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, and Hebei [2][3]. - The article highlights the correlation between global warming and the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, confirming that climate change is a significant factor [18][21]. Group 2: Forecasting Challenges - The difficulty in accurately predicting extreme rainfall is attributed to the instability of the atmosphere and the limitations of current observation systems and weather prediction models [9][10]. - Specific weather systems, such as the mesoscale convective systems responsible for localized heavy rainfall, are challenging to forecast due to their small spatial scale and sudden onset [7][8]. - Historical data indicates that extreme rainfall events in Beijing, categorized under specific atmospheric circulation patterns, have occurred multiple times, suggesting a pattern that could be linked to climate change [11][14]. Group 3: Societal Implications and Preparedness - The article emphasizes the need for improved public awareness and participation in weather forecasting and disaster preparedness, suggesting that community involvement can enhance the effectiveness of early warning systems [23][31]. - Urban infrastructure, such as drainage systems, must be updated to account for increased rainfall intensity due to climate change, indicating a need for new construction standards [29][30]. - The concept of a collaborative warning chain involving government, research institutions, media, and the public is proposed to ensure timely and accurate dissemination of weather-related information [26][27].

Group 1 - The article discusses the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events due to global warming, highlighting recent heavy rainfall in Beijing and its implications for disaster preparedness and response [1][9] - Zhang Qinghong, a professor at Peking University, emphasizes the challenges in accurately predicting extreme precipitation events, particularly those caused by small-scale convective systems [3][4] - The article notes that the predictability of extreme rainfall is constrained by current observational systems and weather prediction models, which are affected by the non-linear dynamics of weather systems [4][11] Group 2 - The T8 atmospheric circulation pattern is identified as a significant factor influencing summer rainfall in northern China, with historical data showing its correlation with extreme precipitation events [7][8] - The article mentions that the northward shift of the subtropical high-pressure system may lead to changes in rainfall patterns in the Northern Hemisphere, affecting regions like Beijing [9][10] - Zhang advocates for a collaborative approach to weather warning systems, involving government, research institutions, media, and the public to enhance the effectiveness of early warning mechanisms [13][15] Group 3 - The article highlights the need for urban infrastructure to adapt to increasing extreme weather events, suggesting that current designs based on historical data may not suffice [16][17] - Public participation in weather observation and reporting is emphasized as crucial for improving disaster response and enhancing predictive models [16][19] - The impact of hail on agriculture and renewable energy infrastructure is discussed, with a call for better understanding of hail formation processes to improve forecasting capabilities [17][19]

报告还显示，美国今年上半年还多次遭遇强雷暴事件，引发强降雨和龙卷风。其中，3-5月发生四次严 重风暴系列事件，包括几场强龙卷风，造成约190亿美元的总损失，其中保险损失146亿美元。总体来 看，2025年上半年美国各类强对流风暴造成的总损失达340亿美元，保险损失约260亿美元。 尽管遭遇多起气象灾害事件，欧洲上半年总损失仍低于2024年，约50亿美元，其中超半数为保险损失。 2025年上半年欧洲损失最高的自然灾害是今年6月的雷暴及冰雹天气，袭击了法国、奥地利和德国，造 成总损失12亿美元，保险损失约8亿美元。 7月29日，慕尼黑再保险发布《2025年上半年自然灾害损失报告》。报告显示，2025年上半年，全球自 然灾害造成的总损失约1310亿美元(上一年度经通胀调整后为1550亿美元)，其中保险损失达800亿美元 (2024年为640亿美元)；总损失与保险损失均显著高于过去十年及三十年的平均值(经通胀调整后：总损 失分别为1010亿及790亿美元；保险损失分别为410亿及260亿美元)。2025年上半年的保险损失在1980年 有记录以来的上半年数据中，排名第二，仅低于2011年上半年，当年日本发生严重地震并引 ...

极端高温、强风和持续干旱导致欧洲多地爆发野火，迫使数千人逃离家园。根据欧洲森林火灾信息系统29日公布的数据，截至当天，欧盟地区今年已发生 1339起野火，高于去年同期的861起，近30万公顷土地被烧毁，而过去19年每年同期被烧毁土地的平均值约为16.3万公顷。 专家警告，随着气候变化不断加剧，欧洲大陆尤其是南部地中海地区未来可能面临更加频繁和极端的火灾季节。在欧洲救灾中发挥关键作用的欧盟民防机制 多次启动，各国消防和应急部门持续处于高度警戒状态。 在西班牙阿维拉省的库埃瓦斯－德尔巴列，一场野火28日午夜爆发并迅速蔓延，当地居民被紧急疏散。同日，在西班牙中部城市普埃托利亚诺附近，另一场 大火过火面积约180公顷，造成马德里到安达卢西亚段高铁服务中断；在特内里费岛，大火吞噬了60公顷山地。 葡萄牙北部和中部地区也遭到野火侵袭。例如，在北部的佩内达-热雷什国家公园内，山火猛烈、地形崎岖、风势强劲，给灭火工作带来相当大困难，当地 出动了大量人员、车辆和直升机参与灭火工作。葡萄牙海洋和大气研究所发布的高火险预警指出，干热、多风天气仍将持续，防火形势严峻。该国北部和中 部大部分地区处于"极高"火险等级。除里斯本、莱里亚和 ...