国内大循环的内生动力和可靠性，基于一个强大的国内市场。"十五五"，扩大内需被列为一个"战 略基点"。这意味着要坚持惠民生和促消费、投资于物和投资于人紧密结合，促进消费和投资、供给和 需求良性互动等——构建这个强大市场的过程，不仅要做"加法"，更重要的是顺应变革趋势，做"变 法"、做"减法"。 解放日报评论员 做强国内大循环、畅通国内国际双循环，是"十五五"的重要任务。习近平总书记在就"十五五"规划 建议所作的说明中指出，外部环境越是严峻复杂，越要加快构建新发展格局，牢牢把握发展主动权。当 前和今后一个时期，要坚持做强国内大循环，加快形成强大国内经济循环体系，以国内循环的稳定性对 冲国际循环的不确定性。 比如消费，尤其在上海这样的城市，服务消费比重越来越高，消费场景日趋多元，以"文旅商体 展"为代表的融合趋势也日趋显著……新的需求持续涌现，新的趋势和规律也在持续涌现，其中就蕴藏 着新的增长点。有些东西当下不一定看得明白，有些东西也可能带来新的挑战。如果一刀切地踩刹车、 设路障，不仅容易错失眼前机遇，更不利于激发长期活力、树立长期信心。不断更新管理思路和手势， 展现开放包容态度，才是明智之举。 加快建设全国统一大 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes economic construction, technological self-reliance, and high-quality development in real estate, indicating a shift in focus towards sustainable growth and innovation-driven development [1][3][20]. Economic Growth and Structure - The plan aims for a per capita GDP of approximately $25,000 by 2035, with current figures at $13,500, projected to exceed $14,000 this year [4][5]. - To achieve this goal, an average GDP growth rate of over 4.4% is necessary over the next decade [6]. - The focus is shifting from investment-driven growth to consumption and innovation-driven growth, marking a significant structural change in the economy [11]. Regional Development - The plan highlights the need for optimized regional economic layouts and coordinated development, with major urban clusters like Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area identified as key growth areas [12][13]. - The strategy aims to address regional disparities, particularly the widening gap between northern and southern regions [13]. High-Tech Industry Development - A goal to establish a new high-tech industry over the next decade is set, with a focus on strategic emerging industries such as new energy, new materials, and aerospace [14]. - The high-tech sector is expected to reshape industrial structures and urban competitiveness, with significant market potential in areas like electric vehicles and low-altitude economy [15][16]. Real Estate Sector - The real estate sector is now positioned as a foundation for public welfare rather than a pillar of economic growth, indicating a transition from rapid expansion to quality development [20]. - Sales in the real estate market have declined significantly, with new and second-hand housing sales dropping from 1.93 billion square meters to 1.5 billion square meters since 2021 [22]. - The focus is shifting towards urban renewal rather than new construction, impacting land finance and necessitating new revenue sources for local governments [24]. Investment in Human Capital - The plan proposes measures to create a family-friendly society, including financial support for child-rearing and education, which may stimulate population growth [26][27]. - The expansion of free education is also highlighted, with a potential move towards 12 years of free education [27]. - Wage increases are anticipated, with recent adjustments to minimum wage standards across various provinces signaling a commitment to improving income distribution [29][31].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of strengthening the domestic economic cycle as a strategic foundation for China's modernization and economic development, highlighting the need for a robust domestic market and the integration of domestic and international cycles [1][2][4]. Group 1: Strengthening Domestic Circulation - Strengthening domestic circulation is essential for maintaining economic growth within a reasonable range, improving total factor productivity, and increasing the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth [2]. - The strategy involves enhancing consumer spending by aligning new demand with new supply, particularly focusing on expanding the supply of quality consumer goods and services [2][3]. - The article suggests that increasing residents' income and improving public service spending are crucial for sustaining domestic circulation [2]. Group 2: Market Integration and Regulation - The article calls for the unification of market rules and the elimination of local protectionism and market segmentation to facilitate a smooth market cycle [3]. - It highlights the need for a market-oriented allocation of resources and the removal of barriers to unleash the benefits of China's large-scale market [3]. - The government is urged to enhance macroeconomic governance and policy coordination to foster an economy driven by domestic demand and consumption [3]. Group 3: Comprehensive Economic Development - Strengthening domestic circulation impacts all aspects of production, distribution, and consumption, serving as a key line in China's reform and development framework [4]. - The article posits that a strong domestic cycle is not merely about scale and speed but about fostering a healthy interaction between supply and demand, leading to high-quality development [1][2].

Core Viewpoint - The document outlines the drafting process and key considerations for the "15th Five-Year Plan" (2026-2030), emphasizing its significance in achieving socialist modernization and addressing both opportunities and challenges in China's economic and social development [3][4][7]. Group 1: Drafting Process - The drafting of the "15th Five-Year Plan" was initiated in February 2023, following the decision by the Central Political Bureau to review the plan at the 20th Party Congress [3]. - A comprehensive approach was taken, including extensive research, soliciting opinions from various sectors, and conducting field studies across 12 provinces [4][5]. - The drafting process involved multiple meetings of the Central Political Bureau to review and refine the proposal, resulting in significant revisions based on feedback received [5][6]. Group 2: Key Considerations and Content - The overall consideration for the draft is to align with the strategic goals set by the 20th Party Congress, focusing on the critical role of the "15th Five-Year Plan" in the broader context of socialist modernization [7][8]. - The draft emphasizes a goal-oriented and problem-solving approach, aiming to solidify the foundation for modernization while addressing emerging global challenges [8]. - The document is structured into three main sections: an overview of achievements and guiding principles, detailed strategic tasks across various sectors, and concluding remarks on governance and social mobilization [9]. Group 3: Major Proposals and Goals - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is positioned as a pivotal period for consolidating the foundations laid during the "14th Five-Year Plan," with a focus on achieving significant progress by 2035 [10]. - Key economic and social development goals include maintaining reasonable economic growth, improving productivity, and enhancing residents' income in line with economic growth [11]. - The plan prioritizes high-quality development, emphasizing technological self-reliance and innovation as central themes for economic advancement [12][13]. Group 4: Domestic and International Circulation - The draft highlights the importance of strengthening domestic economic circulation while also expanding international trade and cooperation [14]. - It stresses the need for a robust domestic market and effective investment strategies to stimulate consumption and economic growth [14]. Group 5: Common Prosperity and Social Welfare - The document underscores the commitment to common prosperity, focusing on improving living standards, education, and social security systems [15]. - It aims to reduce regional disparities and enhance rural development as part of a broader strategy for equitable growth [15]. Group 6: Security and Governance - The draft addresses the need for a comprehensive approach to security, linking it to development goals and emphasizing the modernization of national security systems [16]. - It reinforces the importance of the Party's leadership in guiding economic and social development, ensuring effective governance and accountability [16].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the significant achievements in high-quality development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and outlines the guiding principles and main objectives for the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" period [1][2] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to continue de-emphasizing specific economic growth targets while focusing on enhancing the quality of economic development, allowing for greater flexibility in macroeconomic policy [2][3] - The plan sets goals for significantly improving the resident consumption rate and advancing self-reliance in technology, indicating a shift towards policies that enhance income levels and consumption capabilities [3][5] Group 2 - The plan prioritizes the construction of a modern industrial system and the strengthening of the real economy, establishing a clear path for high-quality industrial development [5][6] - It outlines three major development directions: intelligent, green, and integrated, promoting both traditional and emerging industries through dual-track strategies [6][7] - The focus is on fostering new pillar industries and implementing innovation projects to enhance the quality and competitiveness of key industries [5][6] Group 3 - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes accelerating high-level technological self-reliance and innovation as a foundation for new quality productivity [8][9] - It highlights the importance of integrating technological and industrial innovation to enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system [9][10] - Key areas for development include artificial intelligence, quantum information, and advanced manufacturing, with a focus on strengthening original innovation and addressing core technological challenges [10] Group 4 - The plan identifies a strong domestic market as a strategic foundation for modernization, emphasizing the need for a virtuous cycle between consumption and investment [11][12] - It proposes a series of measures to boost consumption, including actions to adapt to new consumption patterns and improve the management of emerging business models [12][13] - The plan aims to eliminate barriers to building a unified national market, addressing issues of disorderly competition and local protectionism [13] Group 5 - The plan calls for enhancing fiscal sustainability through active fiscal policies and improved budget management, ensuring support for major strategic tasks and basic livelihood needs [13][14] - It emphasizes the need for a long-term mechanism for government debt management to mitigate risks associated with local government debt [14][15] - The plan also aims to optimize the allocation of resources in the market, enhancing the efficiency of various factor markets [15] Group 6 - The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposes accelerating the construction of a financial powerhouse, with a focus on improving the central bank's system and monetary policy framework [16][17] - It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive macro-prudential management system to prevent systemic risks in the financial sector [17][18] - The plan aims to enhance the financial institution system, ensuring that various financial entities focus on their core businesses and improve governance [18][19] Group 7 - The plan seeks to improve the inclusiveness and adaptability of the capital market, enhancing its functions to coordinate investment and financing [19][20] - It emphasizes the importance of developing direct financing methods, such as equity and bond markets, to support the financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises [21] - The plan outlines a roadmap for the gradual expansion of futures, derivatives, and asset securitization markets to provide more investment options and reduce financial product risks [21]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of strengthening domestic circulation as a strategic foundation for China's economic development, highlighting the need for a robust domestic market and the integration of domestic and international cycles [1][2][3] Group 1: Strengthening Domestic Circulation - Strengthening domestic circulation is essential for maintaining economic growth within a reasonable range and enhancing the role of domestic demand as the main driver of economic growth [2] - The focus is on improving overall factor productivity and significantly increasing the resident consumption rate, which is crucial for releasing economic growth potential [2] - The construction of a unified national market is being advanced to leverage the advantages of a super-large-scale market [2] Group 2: Consumer Demand and Supply - Expanding consumption requires new demand to lead new supply, and new supply to create new demand, particularly in high-quality consumer goods and services [2] - The government aims to increase public service spending and improve income distribution to enhance residents' consumption capacity [2] - Measures include increasing the proportion of residents' income in national income distribution and implementing plans to raise the income of low-income groups [2] Group 3: Market Regulation and Governance - The article discusses the need to unify market basic institutional rules, eliminate local protectionism, and standardize local government economic promotion behaviors [3] - It emphasizes the importance of enhancing the vitality of various business entities and fostering entrepreneurial spirit to create high-quality supply and increase social wealth [3] - The government is encouraged to improve macroeconomic governance effectiveness and strengthen the coordination of fiscal and monetary policies [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, emphasizing high-quality economic development, technological self-reliance, and the establishment of a robust domestic market as key objectives for the next five years [1]. Economic Development - The plan prioritizes "significant achievements in high-quality development" while de-emphasizing specific economic growth targets, allowing for greater flexibility in macroeconomic policy [2]. - It aims to increase the resident consumption rate and enhance the level of technological self-reliance through policy coordination and institutional optimization [3]. Capital Market Functionality - The plan calls for improving the inclusiveness and adaptability of the capital market, focusing on balancing investment and financing functions to better serve the real economy [4]. - It emphasizes the need for a modern capital market system that aligns with high-quality development and supports innovation and green development [5]. Financial Strength - The plan outlines the goal of accelerating the construction of a financial powerhouse, enhancing the central bank's system, and optimizing monetary policy transmission mechanisms [6]. - It stresses the importance of a comprehensive macro-prudential management system to prevent systemic risks [7]. Industrial Foundation - The plan places a strong emphasis on building a modern industrial system and consolidating the foundation of the real economy, with a focus on maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing [9]. - It outlines strategies for upgrading key industries and fostering emerging industries through intelligent, green, and integrated development [10]. Technological Self-Reliance - The plan advocates for accelerating high-level technological self-reliance to support new quality productivity, emphasizing the integration of technological and industrial innovation [12]. - It highlights the importance of focusing on key areas such as artificial intelligence and quantum information to drive forward-looking technological advancements [15]. Domestic Market Development - The plan identifies a strong domestic market as a strategic foundation for modernization, promoting the interaction between consumption and investment [16]. - It includes measures to enhance consumption and investment, such as implementing special actions to boost consumption and establishing management methods for new consumption scenarios [17]. Fiscal Sustainability - The plan emphasizes the role of proactive fiscal policy in enhancing fiscal sustainability, advocating for improved fiscal management and budgetary coordination [18]. - It suggests establishing a long-term mechanism for government debt management that aligns with high-quality development [19][20].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" to ensure sustainable and healthy economic and social development in China, laying a solid foundation for achieving socialist modernization by 2035 [3][5][11] - The drafting process of the "15th Five-Year Plan" involved extensive research, democratic participation, and feedback collection from various sectors, indicating a commitment to inclusive governance [4][6][7] - The article outlines the strategic opportunities and challenges facing China's development during the "15th Five-Year" period, highlighting the need for high-quality development and a focus on addressing emerging uncertainties [5][12][13] Group 2 - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is positioned as a critical phase in the historical process of achieving socialist modernization, with a focus on consolidating foundations and making comprehensive efforts [11][12] - Key objectives for economic and social development during this period include maintaining reasonable economic growth, improving productivity, and enhancing residents' income in sync with economic growth [12][13][14] - The plan emphasizes high-quality development, with a focus on technological self-reliance, innovation, and the transformation of the economy towards sustainability [13][14][15] Group 3 - The article discusses the importance of strengthening domestic circulation and creating a robust domestic economic cycle to counteract uncertainties in international markets [14][15] - It highlights the goal of achieving common prosperity for all citizens, with specific measures aimed at improving living standards, reducing regional disparities, and promoting cultural development [15][16] - The plan underscores the need for a balanced approach to development and security, addressing various risks while ensuring sustainable growth [16][17]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" to ensure sustainable and healthy economic and social development in China, laying a solid foundation for achieving socialist modernization by 2035 [2][3][4] - The drafting process of the "15th Five-Year Plan" involved extensive research and soliciting opinions from various sectors, indicating a democratic approach to policy formulation [3][4] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is positioned as a critical period for consolidating the achievements of the "14th Five-Year Plan" and addressing both opportunities and challenges in the evolving domestic and international landscape [6][8] Group 2 - The "15th Five-Year Plan" consists of 15 sections divided into three main parts, covering overall achievements, strategic tasks, and major initiatives across various sectors such as industry, technology, and social welfare [7] - Key goals include maintaining reasonable economic growth, improving productivity, and enhancing residents' income, with a focus on increasing domestic consumption and addressing current economic pressures [9][10] - The plan emphasizes high-quality development, innovation, and the establishment of a robust domestic economic cycle while also promoting international cooperation and trade [10][11] Group 3 - The plan highlights the goal of common prosperity, focusing on improving living standards, reducing regional disparities, and enhancing social welfare systems [12] - It underscores the importance of balancing development and security, proposing measures to strengthen national security capabilities and ensure public safety [12][13] - The necessity of upholding the leadership of the Communist Party is reiterated as a fundamental guarantee for advancing modernization and effective governance [13]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" to ensure sustainable and healthy economic and social development in China, laying a solid foundation for achieving socialist modernization by 2035 [5][11]. - The drafting process of the "15th Five-Year Plan" involved extensive research and consultation, including soliciting opinions from various sectors and conducting field studies across 12 provinces, resulting in over 1,500 suggestions being incorporated into the draft [6][8]. - The draft highlights the dual challenges and opportunities facing China's development, calling for a clear overall strategy, key principles, main objectives, strategic tasks, and significant measures for high-quality development during the "15th Five-Year" period [6][11]. Group 2 - The draft outlines the overall considerations for the "15th Five-Year Plan," focusing on problem-oriented and goal-oriented approaches to strengthen the foundation for achieving socialist modernization [12][15]. - It consists of 15 sections divided into three main parts: the general overview, specific strategic tasks across various sectors, and concluding remarks on governance and leadership [13]. - Key issues addressed include the importance of high-quality development, the need for technological innovation, and the establishment of a robust domestic economic cycle to counteract external uncertainties [17][19]. Group 3 - The draft sets clear economic and social development goals for the "15th Five-Year" period, including maintaining reasonable economic growth, improving productivity, and enhancing residents' income in line with economic growth [16][20]. - It emphasizes the theme of high-quality development, advocating for a focus on technological self-reliance and innovation to drive economic transformation [17][18]. - The plan also stresses the importance of common prosperity, aiming to improve living standards and reduce regional disparities through targeted policies [20][21].