我们先通过一张示意图直观感受资产配置的重要性与意义。资产价格总会波动，无论是国内外资产，拉长到年度维度看，大多呈现震荡上行的特征。假设 我们有两类资产，走势不同且呈一定负相关，但长期均震荡上行，若两者收益率相近，单独选择任一资产都可行，但更优解是做资产配置——将资金各 50%分配给两类资产。在理想情况下，这两类资产长期收益率均上行，但受宏观因素、基本面、资金结构等影响，各自会出现阶段性回撤，而分散配置 后，虽长期收益率与单独持有相近，但资产回撤和波动会大幅降低，能显著改善投资持有体验。 在此背景下，十年国债ETF（511260）核心价值凸显。十年国债ETF（511260）是唯一跟踪上证十年期国债指数的产品，持仓透明无风格漂移，历史上每 年均实现正收益，具备低波动、稳健收益特征，且支持日内回转交易、质押加杠杆等功能，综合费率仅0.2%，操作便捷、成本优势显著。结合年底债券 配置的历史规律与明年宽松政策预期，十年国债ETF（511260）是震荡市中平衡组合风险、把握债市机会的优选工具，当前具备较高布局价值。 风险提示： 这张图生动揭示了资产配置的核心逻辑：寻找相关性较低的资产进行资金分散，也就是我们常说的"不要把 ...

证券研究报告 | 2025年12月02日 2025年12月03日 AI 赋能资产配置（二十八） AI、分析师与交易员：殊途同归与优势互补 策略研究·策略快评 | 证券分析师： | 王开 | 021-60933132 | wangkai8@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980521030001 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 证券分析师： | 陈凯畅 | 021-60375429 | chenkaichang@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980523090002 | 事项： 本报告通过复盘 2023 年 10 月 17 日"美国升级芯片出口管制"这一极端情境，呈现了 AI、分析师与交易 员在信息摄取、逻辑推演与决策执行三大环节上的根本分野：这是三种认知体系在时间尺度、信息维度与 风险哲学的根本错位。正是这种错位，让 AI 在资产定价体系中与投资人形成互补，而非替代关系。 在信息层面，AI 以毫秒级速度抓取关键词并匹配历史模式；分析师从监管条款与产业链调研切入，试图理 解政策意图与供需格局；交易员则盯着盘口与流动性缺口，判断是否出现非理性踩 ...

Group 1: Short-term Outlook - The midstream sector is expected to show better performance due to several new changes [2][3] - Static observation indicates that both potential and performance in the midstream sector are superior [2] - Dynamic observation suggests that machinery and electrical exports may experience high growth [2][3] Group 2: Mid-term Focus - The distribution of deposits is a key focus, with significant changes anticipated for 2026 [2][3] - CPI is expected to trend positively, while PPI's timing for turning positive remains uncertain [2][3] - Real estate prices are likely to experience low-level fluctuations, requiring further support [2][3] Group 3: Long-term Transformation - Enhancing consumption rates is crucial, with a focus on service consumption [2][3] - The export sector has considerable upward potential, driven by various factors [2][3] - The manufacturing sector needs to consider a "reasonable proportion" in the economic structure [2][3] Group 4: Investment Insights - The overall judgment on major asset classes suggests a preference for equities over bonds, continuing the rebalancing trend [3] - The internal structure of asset classes indicates opportunities and risks within equities and bonds [3] - International comparisons of asset classes highlight the value of stock allocations [3] Group 5: Potential Variables - The possibility of a tech bubble, particularly in the U.S. AI sector, is under consideration [3] - U.S. monetary policy may face dual variables, with inflation risks potentially halting rate cuts [3] - Infrastructure investment in China is expected to remain weak, with uncertainties surrounding policy changes [3] Group 6: Data Estimation - The macroeconomic outlook for key indicators suggests improvements in nominal GDP and consumer spending [3] - Export resilience and investment trends are critical for future economic performance [3] - Real estate and retail sectors are projected to remain weak, impacting overall economic growth [3]

来源：一瑜中的 报告目录 | 一、看短期:中游景气度或更胜一筹 | | --- | | (一)关注中游:已出现若干"新"变化 . | | (二)思考中游:宏观景气度或更胜一筹 . | | 1、景气观察 1: 静态看,潜力与表现均更优 …………………………………………………………………… 16 | | 2、景气观察 2:动态看,机电出口或高增长 | | (三)分析中游:微观 ROE 或继续回升 . | | 1、思考框架:ROE 的核心在哪? | | 2、思考焦点:供需两侧的预测!……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19 | | 二、看中期: 聚焦存款分布与物价走势 . | | (一)聚焦存款:花落谁家?谈三部门存款交互框架 | | 1、2025 存款在哪?重视两个交互 . | | 2、2026 存款去哪?提示三个变化 . | | (二)聚焦物价:何时转正?谈三物价趋势判断框架 | | 1、CPI:趋势确定,时点已至 | | 2、PPI:趋势确定,时点难定 | | 3、房价:或低位震荡,仍待加力 | | 三、看长期:转型之路的合理"靠 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding investment strategies and the challenges faced by ordinary investors in selecting stocks and timing their trades, suggesting that asset allocation may provide a more stable approach to investing [7][36]. Group 1: Investment Understanding - There are four levels of investment understanding, with most people mistakenly believing they are at a higher level than they actually are, as only 10% of market participants are profitable [3][5]. - The article summarizes insights from a deep interview with investor Duan Yongping, highlighting his intuitive grasp of business despite acknowledging his own limitations in understanding [4][7]. Group 2: Stock Selection Challenges - Three methods of stock selection are discussed: technical trading, value investing, and copying successful investors, with each method presenting significant challenges [8][28]. - Technical trading is discouraged as it is likened to giving money to quantitative funds that operate with high speed and accuracy [9][10]. - Value investing requires deep understanding of companies, which is difficult for most ordinary investors due to a lack of experience and time [12][20]. - Copying the trades of successful investors can lead to poor outcomes due to information lag and lack of understanding of the underlying investment logic [24][25]. Group 3: Timing the Market - Timing the market is presented as another difficult aspect of investing, with Duan Yongping focusing on "margin of safety" when buying and "opportunity cost" when selling [30][33]. - Most ordinary investors struggle with these concepts as they require a deep understanding of the companies involved [34]. Group 4: Asset Allocation as a Solution - Asset allocation is proposed as a viable alternative to stock selection and timing, as it leverages the natural relationships between different asset classes [36][39]. - By diversifying investments across various asset classes, investors can achieve internal hedging, allowing for stable returns regardless of market conditions [41][44]. - The article highlights that asset allocation does not require precise market timing, making it a more accessible strategy for ordinary investors [46][52]. - Rebalancing strategies can further enhance returns by allowing investors to sell high-performing assets and buy underperforming ones, thus smoothing out the investment curve [55][58].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of the midstream sector, highlighting four positive changes: recovery in profitability (ROE), focus on reducing supply through "anti-involution," increased overseas revenue and profit share, and benefits from the ongoing technological revolution [29][30][33][37] - The recovery of ROE in midstream manufacturing is noted, with a significant increase observed from Q1 to Q3 of 2025, indicating improved corporate profitability [29][30] - The midstream sector's investment growth is lagging behind demand growth, suggesting a potential balance in supply and demand dynamics [30][38] Group 2 - The article discusses the macroeconomic outlook, predicting a nominal GDP growth rate of 4.8-5.0% for 2026, with retail sales growth around 4.0% and exports maintaining a growth rate of approximately 5% [7][8] - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is expected to turn positive, with a projected annual growth rate of about 0.7% for 2026, while the Producer Price Index (PPI) is anticipated to remain negative but show signs of recovery [8][9] - The article highlights the importance of monitoring the distribution of deposits among different sectors, as it significantly influences future economic trends [64] Group 3 - The article identifies the midstream sector as having superior demand and potential compared to upstream and downstream sectors, with a demand growth rate of 9.6% and potential growth rate of 9% as of October [38][42] - The article predicts strong growth in China's electromechanical exports, driven by global monetary policy easing and increased demand for technology products [42][44][46] - The midstream sector's profitability is expected to continue improving, supported by favorable macroeconomic conditions and increased investment in technology [55][59] Group 4 - The article discusses the structural changes in M2 and its impact on the stock market, indicating that M2 growth may slow down in 2026, which could affect stock valuations [10][11] - The relationship between corporate and household deposits is analyzed, suggesting that a recovery in corporate deposits could positively influence stock market performance [12][13] - The article emphasizes the need for investors to focus on sectors with low valuations and high dividend yields, particularly in the midstream sector, where ROE improvement is anticipated [25][26]

以下文章来源于妙投APP ，作者段明珠 妙投APP . 虎嗅旗下二级市场投研服务品牌，为您提供精选上市公司价值拆解，热门赛道产业链梳理 先搞清楚为何A500ETF成了兵家必争之地？ 出品 | 妙投APP 作者 | 段明珠 编辑 | 关雪菁 头图 | AI生成 一年前，近70家公募的中证A500ETF首发大混战，堪称基金史上节奏最快、投入最大、同质化竞争最惨烈的一场指数发行战役。 如今，A500ETF的发展进入持久战阶段（ 持营 ），已有近80家基金公司发行百余只产品，牵引的资金总规模近2300亿元；其中已有不少掉队者。 但A500ETF可能仍是市场上 唯一一个头部阵营尚未稳固的宽基赛道 。近期传闻"A500ETF可能会纳入期权标的，上交所和深交所各一只"，如果消息为 真，最终入选的基金就有可能杀出重围，坐稳中证A500ETF的头部交椅。 一时间，这场战役将迎来新一轮升维战。 如果说过去中国ETF市场还是1.0时代，以产品创新驱动规模发展；A500ETF上市一年来掀起的"腥风血雨"意味着市场已经进入2.0时代， 比拼的核心 是资源与执行力 。 作为市场最佳切面，通过复盘近一年来各基金公司在A500ETF的种种举 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent trends in the gold market indicate a stable performance, with gold prices maintaining a strong position despite minor fluctuations, reflecting its long-term investment value and the increasing recognition from institutions and central banks [1][2]. Group 1: Market Performance - The gold market experienced slight fluctuations from November 3 to November 7, with London gold prices decreasing by 0.06% to close at 4000.3, yet remaining above the 4000 mark [1]. - Year-to-date, gold assets have shown a robust increase of 52.44%, highlighting their strong long-term allocation value [1]. Group 2: Central Bank Activities - Central banks globally are increasing their gold reserves, viewing it as a core asset to mitigate geopolitical risks and stabilize foreign exchange reserves [2]. - In November 2025, China's gold reserves increased by 1.25 tons, continuing a trend of gradual accumulation, which reflects a strategic approach to reserve optimization [2]. Group 3: Investment in Gold ETFs - Gold ETFs have emerged as a popular investment option due to their accessibility, with a low entry cost allowing investors to participate in gold investment without the challenges of physical gold storage [4]. - The advantages of gold ETFs include lower investment thresholds, price traceability to international gold prices, high liquidity, and the ability to hedge against market volatility [4]. Group 4: Investment Strategies - A systematic investment approach, such as dollar-cost averaging, is recommended to balance investment costs and mitigate risks associated with price fluctuations [6]. - It is advised to maintain gold ETF holdings between 5% to 15% of total assets to achieve risk diversification while capturing potential gains from gold investments [7]. - Investors should focus on selecting high-quality gold ETFs based on fund size and tracking deviation to ensure effective price replication [8]. - Adjusting holdings based on macroeconomic signals is crucial, with recommendations to reduce exposure during economic recovery and increase during geopolitical tensions [9]. Group 5: Market Outlook - The combination of gold's anti-inflation and geopolitical risk-hedging properties, along with ongoing central bank purchases, positions gold as a cornerstone for asset allocation [11].

"我跑了两家大行网点，5年期大额存单都停售了，就连3年期的都得靠'抢'，额度一出来很快就没了，关键利率还比去年降了不少。"家住北京市的王 女士告诉记者，她手中的50万元闲置资金本想配置长期大额存单以求稳健收益，如今却陷入了"无处可放"的困境。 王女士的遭遇并非个例。记者近期调研发现，工商银行、农业银行、中国银行、建设银行、交通银行、邮储银行六家国有大行已全面停售5年期大额 存单产品，部分股份制银行及城商行也紧随其后收缩长期存款业务。 六大行全面停售5年期大额存单 记者登录六大行官方APP及手机银行查询时发现，目前各银行大额存单期限结构已明显"短期化"。工商银行"大额存单"栏目下仅剩余1个月、3个月、 6个月、1年、2年、3年六个期限产品。其中，3年期大额存单产品利率为1.55%，1年期、2年期产品利率均为1.20%。 此外，中国银行、建设银行、交通银行及邮储银行的产品矩阵呈现相似特征，5年期产品均已从在售列表中移除。在农业银行2018年至2025年的人民 币个人大额存单产品目录中，也并未出现5年期大额存单产品的"踪影"。 回溯来看，5年期大额存单的退出并非突然之举。以中国银行为例，今年5月20日，中国银行曾在 ...

六大行全面停售5年期大额存单 "我跑了两家大行网点，5年期大额存单都停售了，就连3年期的都得靠'抢'，额度一出来很快就没了，关键利率还比去年降了不少。"家住北京市的王女士 告诉记者，她手中的50万元闲置资金本想配置长期大额存单以求稳健收益，如今却陷入了"无处可放"的困境。 王女士的遭遇并非个例。记者近期调研发现，工商银行、农业银行、中国银行、建设银行、交通银行、邮储银行六家国有大行已全面停售5年期大额存单 产品，部分股份制银行及城商行也紧随其后收缩长期存款业务。 记者登录六大行官方APP及手机银行查询时发现，目前各银行大额存单期限结构已明显"短期化"。工商银行"大额存单"栏目下仅剩余1个月、3个月、6个 月、1年、2年、3年六个期限产品。其中，3年期大额存单产品利率为1.55%，1年期、2年期产品利率均为1.20%。 实际上，在5年期大额存单产品难觅踪影的同时，今年以来，3年期大额存单产品"缺货"也成为了常态。 "3年期和5年期大额存单都已经停售了，目前时间最长的就是2年期的，利率是1.40%。"12月2日，记者向招商银行客服人员核实后发现，该行大额存单的 在售列表中已没有3年期和5年期的选项，"普通定期存款 ...