资产配置与金融工程 证券研究报告 A股领涨全球权益，股债负相关性达高位 ——大类资产周报（20250818-20250822） 分析师：朱定豪 SAC执业资格证书编码: S0020521120002 邮箱：zhudinghao@gyzq.com.cn 2025年8月25日 分析师：汤静文 SAC执业资格证书编码: S0020524060001 邮箱：tangjingwen@gyzq.com.cn 联系人：黄雯瑜 邮箱：huangwenyu@gyzq.com.cn 摘要 一、本周大类资产交易主线 本周宏观增长因子继续向上，通胀高频因子反弹态势减弱，价格压力仍然较高。A股领涨全球（上证+3.49%、创业板+5.85%）， 科技成长主导，50ETF隐含波动率（IV）上升至19.78%，美股分化，道指创新高（+1.53%）而纳指回调（-0.58%），鲍威尔降息 预期提振风险偏好，国内债市调整显著（30年期国债期货跌1.43%），股债负相关性达历史高位，"跷跷板效应"凸显，外盘商品 强势（布油+2.14%、COMEX黄金+1.02%）受地缘风险与通胀对冲驱动，内盘商品普跌（南华商品指数-0.44%）；美元趋弱（美 元指 ...

投 资 避险与降息预期回落 贵金属等候央行年会指引？ www.shanjinqh.com 作者：林振龙 一、避险属性 投资 咨询资 格证号： 咨 询 部 1、俄乌变数依旧，地缘冲突风险仍存。乌克兰总统泽连斯基表示，俄罗 斯隔夜在乌克兰多地发动的大规模袭击显示，莫斯科正在回避就结束战争进行 谈判； Z0018476 审核：曹有明 2025 年 8 月 22 日星期五 2、特朗普贸易战进入新阶段，白宫官员称特朗普已签署行政令，美中关 税休战期再延 90 天。 投资 咨询资 格证号： Z0013162 二、货币属性 复核：刘书语 黄 金 白 银 1、本周多位美联储官员给 9 月降息"泼冷水"。美国上周初请失业金人 数创约三个月最大增幅，劳动力市场疲态持续。美联储会议纪要显示，只有两 位决策者支持在 7 月会议上降息。美国 7 月零售销售强劲增长，美国 7 月批发 价格跳涨，美联储降息路线图增添变数； 期货 从业 资格证 号： F03107583 电话：021–2062 7529 2、非农之后美联储内部分歧仍存。本周联储 9 月降息预期从 85%回调至 71%附近，且年内降息次数预期从 3 次跌回 2 次。美元指数与 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights that the mild increase in U.S. inflation for July has preserved the possibility of a Federal Reserve rate cut next month, impacting the dollar and supporting precious metal prices [1][3]. Market Overview - The U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) for July remained unchanged year-on-year at 2.7%, while the core CPI rose to a five-month high of 3.1% [3]. - Following the inflation data release, market expectations for a September rate cut by the Federal Reserve surged to 93.4%, which is expected to weaken the dollar's attractiveness and support precious metal prices [3]. Political Influence - Former President Trump has pressured Fed Chair Powell to cut rates and threatened legal action, while Treasury Secretary Mnuchin advocates for a 50 basis point cut in September [3]. - There are mixed views among officials, with some expressing concerns about inflation and unemployment balance, which may create policy uncertainty [3]. Trading Strategy - Precious metals are expected to continue a volatile pattern in the short term, with COMEX gold likely to find support around $3,350 and trade near $3,400 [4]. - COMEX silver should be monitored for support at the $37 level, with potential opportunities remaining in the context of ongoing rate cut expectations [4].

Core Viewpoint - The recent surge in gold prices is primarily driven by U.S. tariff policies and rising expectations of Federal Reserve interest rate cuts, rather than supply and demand dynamics [1][4]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff Policies and Economic Data - The U.S. Customs and Border Protection has classified 1 kg and 100 oz gold bars under taxable codes, effective August 7, leading to significant impacts on the global gold refining center in Switzerland, with an estimated additional tariff cost of about $24 billion [1]. - Recent U.S. economic data, including weaker-than-expected non-farm payrolls and a drop in ISM manufacturing PMI to a nine-month low, has raised concerns about economic slowdown, further supporting gold prices [1][2]. Group 2: Central Bank Activities - The World Gold Council reported that global central banks continued to favor gold, with a net increase of 22 tons in official gold reserves in June, marking the third consecutive month of slight increases [2]. - The People's Bank of China increased its gold reserves to 2,300.41 tons by the end of July, marking a continuous nine-month increase [2]. Group 3: ETF Holdings and Market Sentiment - SPDR Gold ETF holdings reached 959.64 tons, the highest since September 2022, indicating a growing trend in gold investment [3]. - Domestic gold ETF holdings in China reached 199.505 tons by June 30, with a significant increase of 84.771 tons in the first half of the year [3]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The outlook for gold prices remains strong, with expectations of continued upward movement due to economic weakness and dovish Federal Reserve policies [4]. - The potential meeting between Trump and Putin in mid-August could impact gold prices, especially if there are substantial developments in the Russia-Ukraine negotiations [4].

摘要周三（8月6日），周二，美元指数维持区间震荡，在美国服务业PMI数据公布后短线下挫，抹去日 内大部分涨幅，最终小幅收涨0.02%，报98.727。现货黄金走出V型反转，盘中触及3390美元关口，最 终收涨0.22%，收报3380.86美元/盎司，创近两周高位；现货白银连续第三日上涨，最终收涨1.06%，报 37.81美元/盎司。 【行情回顾】 周三（8月6日），周二，美元指数维持区间震荡，在美国服务业PMI数据公布后短线下挫，抹去日内大 部分涨幅，最终小幅收涨0.02%，报98.727。现货黄金走出V型反转，盘中触及3390美元关口，最终收 涨0.22%，收报3380.86美元/盎司，创近两周高位；现货白银连续第三日上涨，最终收涨1.06%，报37.81 美元/盎司。 【交易思路】 【要闻汇总】 多重关税威胁继续推升通胀预期，黄金避险属性持续强化，短期上行需突破3450美元附近阻力位，若持 稳3350美元左右支撑则趋势动能不改；白银受工业需求担忧压制，反弹面临38美元附近阻力压制，37美 元左右支撑若稳固或蓄力补涨，需警惕中东制裁触发油金联动行情。 政治层面特朗普称将很快宣布美联储主席人选，并暗示副总统万 ...

Group 1 - The core focus of the article is on the growing interest in precious metal trading, particularly in the context of global economic uncertainty, highlighting their dual commodity and financial attributes [1] - Investors are advised to prepare adequately before engaging in precious metal trading by understanding market dynamics, selecting appropriate trading platforms, and formulating sound investment strategies [3] Group 2 - Precious metal trading is categorized into four main types: spot, futures, ETFs, and online platform trading, with a detailed operational process outlined for online trading [4] - The company Jinsheng Precious Metals is positioned as an industry benchmark, emphasizing its compliance, safety, and efficiency through a comprehensive service system [5] - Jinsheng employs SSL encryption and multi-layer firewalls for technical security, ensuring rapid order execution and supporting automated trading systems for quantitative investors [6] Group 3 - The current market trends for 2025 indicate three key characteristics: gold driven by consumption upgrades and industrial applications, silver demand surging due to the photovoltaic industry, and platinum demand increasing due to the hydrogen revolution [7] - Jinsheng Precious Metals has introduced customized physical gold services and platinum contracts to cater to diverse investor needs and leverage market opportunities [7] Group 4 - The article suggests risk control measures such as diversifying asset allocation, dynamic hedging using futures, and ensuring compliance with regulations to mitigate market volatility risks [8] - Jinsheng Precious Metals aims to create a secure and efficient trading ecosystem for both novice and experienced investors, leveraging its regulatory backing and technological innovations [8]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No data provided on the industry investment rating in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The short - term trade war has entered a new stage, with risks of economic recession and geopolitical fluctuations remaining. The risk of stagflation in the US economy has increased, and strong employment and inflation are suppressing expectations of interest rate cuts. [1] - It is expected that precious metals will show a pattern of weak gold and strong silver in the short - term, high - level fluctuations in the medium - term, and a step - by - step upward trend in the long - term. [1] - The price trend of gold is the anchor for the price of silver. In terms of capital, the net long positions of CFTC silver and iShare silver ETF have been reduced again. In terms of inventory, the visible inventory of silver has slightly decreased recently. [4] 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Gold - **Market Performance**: Today, precious metals fluctuated weakly. The main contract of Shanghai Gold closed down 0.03%, and the main contract of Shanghai Silver closed up 0.07%. [1] - **Core Logic**: In the short - term, there are risks of economic recession and geopolitical fluctuations. The risk of stagflation in the US economy has increased, and strong employment and inflation are suppressing expectations of interest rate cuts. [1] - **Attributes Analysis** - **Hedging Attribute**: Trump has escalated the trade war, and the EU has threatened to take counter - measures against US tariffs. Trump said he does not plan to fire Powell, which has alleviated market concerns. [1] - **Monetary Attribute**: The Fed's Beige Book shows that US economic activity has increased, but tariffs have brought price pressure, making the outlook pessimistic. US inflation in June remained resilient, but the year - on - year increase in core CPI was 2.9%, and the month - on - month increase was 0.2%, both lower than market expectations. The overall US employment growth was stronger than expected, and the number of initial jobless claims last week unexpectedly dropped to a seven - week low. Currently, the market expects the Fed's next interest rate cut to be in September, and the expected total interest rate cut space in 2025 has fallen back to around 50 basis points. The US dollar index and US Treasury yields fluctuated strongly. [1] - **Commodity Attribute**: The rebound of the CRB commodity index was under pressure, and the strong RMB suppressed domestic prices. [1] - **Strategy**: Conservative investors should wait and see, while aggressive investors can buy low and sell high. It is recommended to manage positions well and set strict stop - loss and take - profit levels. [2] 3.2 Silver - **Price Anchor**: The price trend of gold is the anchor for the price of silver. [4] - **Capital and Inventory**: In terms of capital, the net long positions of CFTC silver and iShare silver ETF have been reduced again. In terms of inventory, the visible inventory of silver has slightly decreased recently. [4] - **Strategy**: Conservative investors should wait and see, while aggressive investors can buy low and sell high. It is recommended to manage positions well and set strict stop - loss and take - profit levels. [5] 3.3 Fundamental Key Data - **Monetary Attribute Data**: The federal funds target rate upper limit is 4.50%, the discount rate is 4.50%, the reserve balance interest rate (IORB) is 4.40%, the Fed's total assets are 67132.36 billion US dollars, M2 year - on - year growth is 4.50%, the 10 - year US Treasury real yield is 2.61, the US dollar index is 98.32, the US Treasury yield spread (3 - month to 10 - year) is 0.53, etc. [7] - **Hedging Attribute Data**: The geopolitical risk index is 122.08, and the VIX index is 17.14. [10] - **Commodity Attribute Data**: The CRB commodity index is 303.15, and the offshore RMB exchange rate is 7.1842. [10] 3.4 Fed's Latest Interest Rate Expectations The probability distribution of the Fed's interest rate levels at different meetings from July 2025 to December 2026 is provided in the table, showing the market's expectations for the Fed's interest rate decisions at different times. [11]

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing trade tensions among major global economies are heightening market caution, leading to increased demand for safe-haven assets like silver and gold, with silver prices showing strong short-term performance ahead of the upcoming U.S. CPI data release [2] Group 1: Market Dynamics - Silver prices recovered to above $38.30, driven by trade tensions and anticipation of U.S. inflation data [1] - The market is closely watching the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) data, with expectations of an increase in overall inflation rate from 2.4% to 2.7% and core inflation from 2.8% to 3.0% [2] - The release of inflation data will directly impact market expectations regarding the Federal Reserve's monetary policy, influencing silver prices [2] Group 2: Price Movements - Spot silver reached a high of $39.10, the highest level since September 2011, before stabilizing around $38.28 [2] - The rise in silver prices is attributed to concerns over supply and rapid growth in industrial demand [2] - Gold's sustained increase over the past 18 months has led investors to seek more cost-effective alternatives, boosting silver's appeal [2] Group 3: Technical Analysis - Silver's recent price action shows a bearish reversal pattern, with the daily RSI remaining high and potential resistance at $39 [3] - Key support levels for silver are identified at $38.00 and $37.65, while resistance levels are at $38.60 and $39.00 [3]

Investment Rating - Industry Rating: Outperform the market (maintained rating) [1] Core Views - The report highlights that MP Materials will receive significant investment from the U.S. Department of Defense, which is expected to enhance the domestic production capacity of rare earth magnets and potentially raise the price ceiling for praseodymium and neodymium products [4][9] - Short-term impacts on the industry are expected to be limited due to the time required for MP Materials' expansion, with the new magnet manufacturing facility projected to be operational by 2028 [5] - The report indicates that the price floor set by the U.S. government for praseodymium and neodymium products is significantly higher than current domestic prices, suggesting a potential upward shift in domestic pricing [5] Summary by Sections Basic and Precious Metals - Copper prices have declined due to tariff disturbances and seasonal demand weakness, with domestic consumption showing a slight increase as prices fall [6][14] - Aluminum prices have also decreased, influenced by external market conditions and reduced demand from the aluminum rod and plate sectors [20][22] - Precious metals, particularly gold and silver, have seen price increases attributed to renewed safe-haven demand amid geopolitical tensions and economic data [7][26] Minor Metals - The report notes stability in antimony prices, with a prevailing bullish sentiment despite limited market transactions [8] - The rare earth sector is experiencing a fundamental recovery, with prices for light rare earths increasing due to the positive sentiment from MP Materials' investment [9][42] Market Predictions - The report anticipates that copper prices will stabilize in the near term, with a projected trading range of 77,500 to 79,000 CNY/ton [15] - Aluminum prices are expected to fluctuate within a range of 20,300 to 21,000 CNY/ton [21] - Gold and silver prices are predicted to continue their wide-ranging adjustments, with gold expected to trade between 750 to 800 CNY/gram [27]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles indicates that gold prices have significantly rebounded due to expectations of an expanding U.S. fiscal deficit, driven by Trump's "big and beautiful" legislation [1] - The Senate has narrowly passed a tax and spending bill, which is expected to increase the U.S. fiscal deficit by $2.8 trillion to $3.3 trillion over the next decade, depending on the version [1] - The weakening of the U.S. dollar and dovish signals from the Federal Reserve are also contributing factors to the rise in gold prices, with the dollar index hitting a three-year low of 96.37 [1][2] Group 2 - Market participants are divided on the outlook for interest rate cuts, with some believing that weak economic data and dovish Fed comments increase the likelihood of early cuts, while others point to a strong job market and inflation risks delaying cuts [2] - Ongoing global trade tensions and geopolitical risks are expected to maintain gold's safe-haven appeal, with short-term price fluctuations anticipated as the July 9 tariff negotiation deadline approaches [2] - The upcoming U.S. CPI data on July 15 will be crucial in assessing inflation trends and could influence market expectations for rate cuts, potentially driving gold prices higher if core CPI growth is weaker than expected [2]