第一财经资讯 . 以下文章来源于第一财经资讯 ，作者周楠 近期，野村在北京举行媒体交流会，邀请野村中国首席经济学家陆挺博士分享关于中国宏观 经济的最新观点。以下为《第一财经》的专篇报道。 陆挺 野村中国首席经济学家 关税风波持续近半 个月，其间，全球金融市场经历大幅震荡，人民币汇率波动加剧，A股市 场则先抑后 扬，在"国家队"出手稳市之后迅速回升。 "过去两个星期，国内的政策（执行）做得非常好。在前期非常关键的几天时间里，一个极为 重要的政策是，央行给'国家队'提供再贷款，这实际上就稳住了股市。"野村中国首席经济学 家陆挺表示，与此同时，近期汇市也逐步趋稳。 宏观经济方面，一季度经济数据最新出炉，多项指标表现超出市场预期，包括：一季度国内 生产总值（GDP）31.88万亿元，按不变价格计算，同比增长5.4%；一季度社会消费品零售 总额同比增速从前值3.7%跃升至4.6%。 下一阶段，如何进一步稳定市场、提振经济？陆挺在近期的媒体会上表示，未来需进一步稳 住股市、汇市和楼市。同时，刺激消费仍是重中之重，但在经历了两轮"以旧换新"之后，促 消费政策可转向耐用品消费之外的领域，例如，服务消费领域就具备一定的潜力。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent economic outlook in China, highlighting the effectiveness of domestic policies in stabilizing the stock market and the overall economy amidst external pressures [4][7]. Economic Performance - In the first quarter, China's GDP reached 31.88 trillion yuan, growing by 5.4% year-on-year, exceeding market expectations [4][9]. - The retail sales growth rate increased from 3.7% to 4.6% year-on-year in the same period, indicating a positive trend in consumer spending [4][9]. Market Stabilization - The Chinese government has implemented measures to stabilize the stock market, foreign exchange market, and real estate market, with the central bank providing re-loans to support the "national team" in stabilizing the stock market [4][6][7]. - The offshore RMB exchange rate fluctuated but recovered to around 7.3 against the USD, demonstrating resilience in the currency market [7]. Consumer Stimulus - The "old-for-new" consumption policy has effectively boosted sales in various sectors, particularly in electronics, with the inclusion of mobile phones and computers in the program [9][10]. - Future consumption stimulus should focus on service sectors such as tourism, hotels, and dining, as these areas show potential for growth [6][10]. Real Estate Market - The real estate market is under pressure, with both exports and real estate facing simultaneous declines for the first time [7][8]. - While some regions show signs of recovery, a nationwide stabilization in the real estate market has not yet occurred, necessitating continued support for developers [8].

Core Viewpoint - The market anticipates that the central bank may implement a reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cut or interest rate reduction in the second quarter due to potential external shocks affecting economic performance [1] Group 1 - The Ministry of Finance has announced the issuance of 1.3 trillion yuan in ultra-long special government bonds and 500 billion yuan in special bonds for central financial institutions starting April 24, signaling a strong commitment to maintain expenditure in the second quarter [1] - Experts believe that a reserve requirement ratio cut may occur before an interest rate reduction [1]

Core Viewpoint - The LPR has remained unchanged for six consecutive months, and there is a growing expectation for potential interest rate cuts in the second quarter to stimulate the economy [1] Economic Policy Outlook - Wang Qing, Chief Macro Analyst at Dongfang Jincheng, predicts that the current external economic environment, domestic real estate market, and price trends indicate that the timing for a "prudent reduction in reserve requirement and interest rates" may be ripe [1] - A short-term policy interest rate cut of 30 basis points is anticipated, which would match the reduction seen throughout the previous year [1] Impact on Financing Costs - The expected interest rate cuts are likely to lead to a decrease in LPR quotes, thereby reducing loan rates for businesses and households [1] - This reduction in financing costs is viewed as a significant measure to promote consumption, expand investment, and enhance domestic demand, countering potential external demand slowdowns [1]

来源|中国证券报 4月21日，中国人民银行授权全国银行间同业拆借中心公布， 2025年4月21日贷款市场报价利率（LPR）为：1年期LPR为3.1%，5年期以上LPR为 3.6%，均较上期维持不变。 这是LPR连续六个月"按兵不动"。 图片来源：中国货币网 业内普遍认为，本月LPR保持不变，符合市场预期。一方面，7天期逆回购利率保持稳定，作为LPR报价的定价基础，其稳定很大程度上预示LPR会 保持不变；另一方面，银行净息差仍处在低位，缺乏下调LPR报价加点的动力。 从经济基本面看，经济保持向好态势，LPR下行迫切性不强。 "年初以来LPR持续保持不变，根本上是因为一季度经济走势偏强，LPR下行的迫切性 不强。"东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青说。 从利率角度看，当前无论是企业贷款利率还是个人贷款利率都处于低位。 央行数据显示，3月份，企业新发放贷款（本外币）加权平均利率约为 3.3%，比上年同期低约45个基点；个人住房新发放贷款（本外币）加权平均利率约为3.1%，比上年同期低约60个基点。 往后看，LPR仍有下行空间。 民生银行首席经济学家温彬表示，在外部不确定性上升、内部政策效果处于观察期等情况下，央行货币调控" ...

21世纪经济报道记者周潇枭 北京报道 近日，野村中国首席经济学家陆挺出席媒体交流会，分享了他对 中国当前经济形势的看法，以及后续如何应对关税冲击的政策建议。 一季度中国经济同比增长5.4%，超出外界预期，为实现全年5%左右的增长目标奠定良好基础。一季度 经济表现好于市场预期，这得益于宏观政策靠前发力，也得益于部分企业为了规避高关税而选择提前进 出口的"抢出口"行为。不过，4月份之后，外部不利因素增多，要推动二季度经济平稳增长，还需政策 层面加力支持。 陆挺对21世纪经济报道记者表示，4月份的高频数据提醒，对于这一轮外部冲击不能掉以轻心。除了出 口面临一定压力，一季度中国房地产投资同比下降了约10%，这个时候需要对整个经济状况进行缜密的 思考，思考推出什么样的政策是有效的。当前中国国债利率在下行，市场融资利率很多跟国债利率挂 钩，市场融资成本已经在往下走，市场自身已经在"降息"。至于"降准"，现在人民银行提供流动性的方 式很多，去年开始央行重启买卖国债，通过买卖国债来提供流动性与降准的效果非常接近。 稳股市稳汇率取得成效 陆挺表示，在过去的两个星期里，中国政府的政策应对做得很好。美国市场存在股债汇三杀，使得美国 ...

21世纪经济报道记者唐婧 北京报道 中国人民银行授权全国银行间同业拆借中心公布，2025年4月21日贷款市场报价利率（LPR）为1年期 LPR为3.1%，5年期以上LPR为3.6%，均较上期维持不变。这是LPR连续六个月"按兵不动"。 综合业内分析来看，4月LPR报价保持不变主要有三点原因，一是作为LPR的定价锚，7天期逆回购利率 保持稳定；二是银行净息差仍处在低位，商业银行缺乏下调LPR报价加点的动力；三是一季度经济延续 企稳回升态势，短期降息的迫切性不强。 4月16日，国家统计局发布数据，初步核算，一季度国内生产总值318758亿元，按不变价格计算，同比 增长5.4%，比上年四季度环比增长1.2%；4月13日，中国人民银行罕见于周末发布一季度金融数据， 2025年一季度社会融资规模增量累计达到15.18万亿元，比上年同期多2.37万亿元；其中，对实体经济发 放的人民币贷款增加9.7万亿元，同比多增5862亿元，双双超过市场预期。 至于货币政策，袁海霞提到，央行去年以来多次提到"择机降准降息"，未来"择机"可能需要考虑三个方 面：一是经济基本面的动态变化；二是外部环境的变化，尤其是关税博弈的进展；三是综合考 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has maintained the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) unchanged for six consecutive months, indicating a stable monetary policy environment amid external pressures and a favorable domestic economic outlook [2]. Group 1: Loan Market and Interest Rates - The 1-year LPR is set at 3.1% and the 5-year LPR at 3.6%, with no changes from previous rates [2]. - The lack of adjustment in LPR is attributed to stable economic fundamentals and low social financing costs, reducing the urgency for policy rate cuts [2]. - Recent reductions in deposit rates by several banks aim to alleviate costs on the liability side, reflecting a cautious approach to adjusting LPR [2]. Group 2: Economic Policy and Market Conditions - The State Council has emphasized the need for increased counter-cyclical adjustments and support for the real estate market, suggesting a potential for monetary easing in the second quarter [3]. - The issuance of special government bonds totaling 1.3 trillion yuan and 500 billion yuan for central financial institutions is expected to signal strong fiscal spending in the second quarter [3]. - Analysts predict that if the supply of government bonds increases significantly, the PBOC may need to implement measures such as reverse repos or reserve requirement ratio cuts to maintain liquidity [4]. Group 3: Future Monetary Policy Outlook - There is ample room for macroeconomic policy adjustments to address uncertainties in the external environment while ensuring reasonable domestic economic growth [4]. - The potential for coordinated monetary and fiscal policies is highlighted, with expectations that reserve requirement ratio cuts may occur before interest rate reductions [4].

Banking Sector - Bank stocks experienced a pullback after reaching highs, with notable declines in Qilu Bank, Ping An Bank, Pudong Development Bank, and Chengdu Bank, all dropping over 1% [1] - The year-to-date performance of various banks shows mixed results, with Qilu Bank up 10.34%, while Ping An Bank down 5.81% [2] Gold Sector - Gold-related stocks surged, with companies like Xiaocheng Technology and Lai Shen Tong Ling hitting the daily limit, while others like Chifeng Gold and Hunan Gold rose over 7% [1] - Spot gold prices increased by 1.7%, surpassing $3,380 per ounce, indicating strong market interest [1] LPR Rates - The one-year LPR remains at 3.10% and the five-year LPR at 3.60%, unchanged for six months [4][6] - The stability in LPR is attributed to the steady 7-day reverse repurchase rate and low net interest margins for banks, reducing the incentive to lower LPR [6] Economic Outlook - Recent economic data shows a GDP growth of 5.4% year-on-year and a 1.2% quarter-on-quarter increase, indicating a recovery in the economy [8] - Financial support for the real economy remains robust, suggesting that there is no immediate urgency for rate cuts [8] Monetary Policy Insights - Experts predict a potential reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cut of 25-50 basis points around the April Politburo meeting to support credit expansion [9] - Structural monetary policy tools may be introduced to guide credit flow and reduce financing costs for enterprises [9][10]

21世纪经济报道记者 唐婧 北京报道 刚刚，央行公布4月一年期、五年期LPR利率市场报价。其中一年期LPR利率3.10%，五年期LPR利率 3.60%。维持不变。LPR利率自去年10月调整之后，目前已维持6个月不变。 LPR由各报价行按公开市场操作利率加点形成的方式报价，由全国银行间同业拆借中心计算得出，为银 行贷款提供定价参考。 综合业内分析来看，4月LPR报价保持不变主要有两点原因，一方面，作为LPR的定价锚，7天期逆回购 利率保持稳定；另一方面，银行净息差仍处在低位，商业银行缺乏下调LPR报价加点的动力。 LPR报价行目前包括20家银行，每月20日（遇节假日顺延）9时前，各报价行以0.05个百分点为步长， 向全国银行间同业拆借中心提交报价，全国银行间同业拆借中心按去掉最高和最低报价后算术平均，并 向0.05%的整数倍就近取整计算得出LPR，于当日9时公布。 招联首席研究员、上海金融与发展实验室副主任董希淼表示，从近期公布的一季度经济、金融数据看， 一季度国内生产总值（GDP）同比增长5.4%，环比增长1.2%，经济加快恢复回升；金融数据方面，无 论是社会融资规模还是人民币贷款新增，都超过预期，这表明金融 ...