存量政策的优化是未来一段时间得重点，通过调整存量政策的形式、节奏和用途，支 撑经济增长。 文：国金宏观宋雪涛/联系人张馨月 酝酿已久的新型政策性金融工具于9月底落地，市场关注后续是否还会出台增量政策，进而成为引发风 格切换的导火索。展望四季度，出台增量政策的可能性有多大？如何把握政策的节奏？ 第一，9月22日国新办新闻发布会、9月26日央行三季度货币政策例会、国庆假期《人民日报》"钟才 文"七连评是观察政策态度的三个窗口，从重要会议和官媒表述来看，短期内政策加码的诉求并不突 出。 9月22日的国新办新闻发布会并未复刻去年的"924"，核心定调是总结成就。潘行长明确指出，本次发 布会不涉及短期性调整，未来的金融改革内容将在中央统一部署后再沟通。会议强调了科创板和科技型 企业在A股市值中的占比提升，表明当前金融政策的目标更倾向于提振科技，对于短期经济的刺激和托 底，并无太多涉及。 9月26日央行第三季度货币政策例会的关键变化是，在对经济形势的表述上删除了"风险隐患较多"， 表明央行对当前经济运行较为乐观；在对货币政策的定调上，删除了"加力实施增量政策"的关键表 述，强调"抓好各项货币政策措施执行"，表明当前货币政 ...

第一，9 月 22 日国新办新闻发布会、9 月 26 日央行第三季度货币政策例会以及国庆假期人民日报发表"钟才文"七 连评都是近期观察政策的窗口。从重要会议和官媒的表述看，政策加码的诉求并不突出。 第二，从完成经济增长目标的角度看，四季度实现全年 GDP 增速 5%目标压力较小，出台增量政策的必要性偏低。 第三，从四季度的经济承受力来看，尽管消费和出口存在高基数压力，但内生动力仍有韧性，出台增量政策的必要性 偏低。 第四，鉴于增量政策的必要性不高，未来一段时间重点或将是存量政策的优化，通过调整存量政策的形式、节奏和用 途，支撑经济增长。 第五，从近期政策的表态、实现经济增长目标的必要性、四季度经济的现实压力看，当前政策重心是深化改革。 在经济压力不大、外部环境相对稳定的情况下，无论是反内卷还是要素市场化，都是对深化改革的有力确认。这也是 未来"十五五"规划的重要政策方向，通过改革提高全要素增长率，打开经济潜在增长空间。 风险提示 对政策的理解存在偏差，增量政策超预期。 宏观经济报告 新型政策性金融工具已于 9 月底如期落地，符合市场预期。如果年内能够出台超预期的增量政策，将成为引发市场风 格切换的重要导火索。 ...

叁||多位研究者认为，新的增量政策会适时推进，其规模或与"924"政策存在差异，但针对性 会更强。 2025年9月24日，沪指收于3853.64点，4000余只个股上涨；而在2024年9月中下旬，沪指一度跌至2689 点。 一年间，沪指上涨超过1000点。 带来改变的是2024年9月24日（下称"924"）开启的一系列增量政策：降准、降息、化债以及创新型的货 币政策工具。这一系列政策指向了稳增长、促消费、推动物价恢复、稳定楼市与股市的多元目标。更重 要的是，增量政策的集中出台，改变了此前宏观政策的边际方向，也彰显出宏观经济思路的转变。 "924"成为这一改变的起点。 远东资信研究院副院长张林对经济观察报表示， "924"一揽子增量政策是一次颇为成功的宏观政策操 作，各项政策直指制约经济正向循环的核心矛盾，力图帮助各个部门修复资产负债表，减缓经济转型过 程中出现的阵痛。 2025年上半年的宏观政策进一步延续了增量政策的积极取向，赤字率调升至4%，"两新"政策持续落 地；降准和降息按节奏推进，同时设立了服务与养老再贷款等新的政策工具。 壹||一年过去，被市场称为"924"新政的宏观调控，已成为中国经济政策从"稳健 ...

壹 || 一年过去，被市场称为"924"新政的宏观调控，已成为中国经济政策从"稳健"转向"适度 宽松"的关键转折点。 贰 || 一年后回望"924"，多位研究者认为，它不仅推出了一轮增量政策，为短期稳增长发挥了 重要作用，更重要的是，其反映了经济政策思路的变化。 叁 || 多位研究者认为，新的增量政策会适时推进，其规模或与"924"政策存在差异，但针对性 会更强。 进入2025年下半年，消费和投资增速放缓，部分城市房地产 价格波动加大，市场也随之抛出疑问：会有新一轮"924"政策 吗？新的增量政策又将呈现怎样的态势？ 作者： 杜涛 封图：图虫创意 导读 2025年9月24日，沪指收于3853.64点，4000余只个股上涨；而在2024年9月中下旬，沪指一度跌至 2689点。 一年间，沪指上涨超过1000点。 带来改变的是2024年9月24日（下称"924"）开启的一系列增量政策：降准、降息、化债以及创新 型的货币政策工具。这一系列政策指向了稳增长、促消费、推动物价恢复、稳定楼市与股市的多元 目标。更重要的是，增量政策的集中出台，改变了此前宏观政策的边际方向，也彰显出宏观经济思 路的转变。 "924"成为这一改 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View of the Report The economic repair momentum is weakening, and incremental policies are urgently needed. The latest economic data shows that the economic growth momentum continues to slow down, with fixed - asset investment, manufacturing, and infrastructure investment declining, and real - estate investment still having double - digit declines. Consumption repair is unstable, and deflation pressure persists. The economic fundamentals are still weak, and incremental policies need to be quickly implemented to address multiple constraints such as investment, consumption, and debt resolution risks [6][34]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Fiscal Revenue Growth Improves Continuously, Tax Revenue Increases Slightly - General public budget revenue growth rate continues to rise, with local fiscal revenue being the main contributor and the drag from central fiscal revenue weakening. From January to August, the year - on - year growth rate of general public budget revenue reached 0.3%, 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous value, exceeding the annual budget target by 0.1%. The central fiscal revenue has been improving, with the decline narrowing for 6 consecutive months, while local fiscal revenue has maintained positive growth. However, the revenue completion progress is slow [12]. - Tax revenue turns to a slight increase, and non - tax revenue continues to shrink. From January to August, the cumulative growth rate of tax revenue turned positive to 0.02%, rising for 6 consecutive months. Securities trading stamp duty contributes significantly, while consumption tax, real - estate tax, and foreign - trade tax are still drags. The growth rate of non - tax revenue dropped to 1.5%, declining for 6 consecutive months [17]. 3.2 Fiscal Expenditure Growth Declines, Infrastructure Expenditure Growth Declines Significantly - Fiscal expenditure growth has declined across the board, with both central and local expenditures hitting new lows this year. From January to August, the year - on - year growth rate of general public budget expenditure was 3.1%, with the increase narrowing by 0.3 percentage points. The expenditure rhythm is the lowest in the same period in the past five years. The growth rate of central expenditure is still relatively high but has declined by 0.8 percentage points from the previous month, while local expenditure growth has declined for 4 consecutive months, mainly affected by factors such as the decline in land transfer income [22]. - In terms of expenditure structure, people's livelihood expenditure has slowed down from a high level, and infrastructure expenditure has shrunk significantly. The growth rate of social security and employment expenditure has slightly increased, while the growth rates of education and health - care expenditure have slightly decreased. The growth rate declines of infrastructure - related expenditures such as agriculture, forestry, and water affairs and urban - rural community affairs have expanded [26]. 3.3 Government - Fund Revenue and Expenditure Growth Slows, Special Bond Issuance Speeds Up but Remains Slow - Government - fund revenue and expenditure growth is weak. The revenue side is under continuous pressure, with the year - on - year growth rate of government - fund revenue from January to August being - 1.4%, and the decline expanding. The expenditure side growth rate has marginally declined. The revenue growth rate is significantly lower than the expenditure growth rate, and the "mismatch" between revenue and expenditure progress highlights the debt - resolution pressure [28]. - Local government special bond issuance has accelerated but remains slow. From January to August, the completion progress of new special bonds was about 74.2%, an increase of about 11 percentage points from the previous value, but still 15 percentage points lower than the average in the same period from 2022 - 2024. The slow issuance is mainly restricted by debt resolution and tightened access to projects [28]. 3.4 Incremental Policies Are Approaching The economic repair momentum is weakening, and incremental policies are urgently needed to be stepped up. The economic growth momentum continues to slow down, consumption repair is unstable, and the economic fundamentals are still weak. Incremental policies need to be quickly implemented to address multiple constraints [6][34].

来源：市场资讯 （来源：大公馆） 睿知睿见 美联储降息前夜，人民币终于逼近7.1！ 比较有意思的是，这正好是在中美谈判之后。 所以呀，很多东西其实是ZZ的产物，不要单纯的看待经济。 虽然美联储只降了25bp，汇率也有所反复，但并不改未来的大趋势。 本轮中美谈判，表面上主要针对TIK TOK，但背地里谈的东西才更加重要。TIK TOK是一个谈判的筹码 而已。 TIK TOK对于川普来说，是一个重要的舆论和宣传工具，对他的吸引力很大。 所以抛出这个可谈的诱饵，东大肯定是要拿到它想要的好处。 是啥好处呢？估计用不了多久就能看到了。 说回汇率和政策上来。 一、没有上台面的东西 刚谈判结束，汇率就逼近7.1，那么汇率一定是双方谈判的一个重点。 对于川普来说，他希望人民币升值，将中国滞留在美国的热钱召唤回去。这次能顺利的完成降息，从而 实施他的大美丽法案，并平衡国际收支。 比如，美国那边会与我们商谈降息的节奏，我们这边会根据降息的节奏调整国内的政策。 这是我们需要关注的重点。 二、增量政策将落地 中美刚结束谈判，国内就公布了扩大服务消费的政策。又是这么巧？ 这世界上没有这么多巧合。 对于东大来说，人民币缓慢升值也有利于国 ...

Summary of Conference Call Notes Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the bond market and its pricing dynamics, highlighting the differences in the current economic environment compared to the previous year [1][4][5]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Policy Context**: The policy environment on September 22, 2025, differs from September 24, 2024, due to changes in deflation expectations, global financial conditions, and economic growth targets, leading to an expectation of no significant incremental policies [1][4]. 2. **Market Divergence**: The bond market is characterized by a lack of consensus among accounts based on risk preferences. Low-risk accounts focus on interest rate cuts and allocation opportunities, while high-risk accounts are more concerned with potential market risks [1][7]. 3. **Market Status**: The current market is in a state of fluctuation without a clear bull or bear trend, as there is no significant inflow of funds or negative feedback from asset management [1][9]. 4. **Investment Opportunities**: Three short-term investment opportunities are identified: - Steepening of the yield curve, contingent on institutional capabilities in managing long-term positions [10]. - Relative value recovery of national development bonds, limited to the short term [11]. - Secondary market value drop for 3 to 5-year bonds, provided redemption risks are covered [11][13]. 5. **Interest Rate Adjustments**: Recent changes in the 14-day operation interest rates aim to smooth the short-end curve, with a target range of 1.45% to 1.5% [12]. 6. **Liquidity Focus**: The upcoming quarter-end fiscal injections are crucial, as they will provide a stable environment for bank liabilities, suggesting a strategy of holding bonds through the holiday period [14][15]. Additional Important Content - **Market Influencing Factors**: The bond market is influenced by both fundamental economic data and institutional behaviors, with weak economic performance and expectations of central bank actions being significant drivers [3]. - **Expectations from Upcoming Meetings**: The upcoming meetings are expected to focus on the achievements of financial services to the real economy, support for capital market development, and the progress of RMB internationalization, with no major new policies anticipated [6]. - **Risk Management**: Different institutions have varying perspectives on market trends based on their liability stability, affecting their investment strategies [8]. This summary encapsulates the essential insights from the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the current bond market dynamics and strategic considerations for investors.

Economic Growth Overview - In August, China's economic growth momentum slowed down, with both supply and demand sides experiencing a decline in growth rates. Analysts suggest that due to high base effects and tariff uncertainties, along with the waning effects of the "trade-in" policy, downward pressure on the domestic economy is expected to increase in the fourth quarter, necessitating new policies to stabilize investment and promote consumption to achieve the annual growth target of around 5% [1][11]. Production Sector Analysis - In August, the industrial added value for large-scale enterprises grew by 5.2% year-on-year, a decrease of 0.5 percentage points from the previous month. The service production index growth rate was 5.6%, down 0.2 percentage points from the previous month [1]. - The "anti-involution" policy is identified as a primary reason for the cooling of industrial production. The industrial production intensity has declined for two consecutive months, influenced by extreme weather and the effects of the "anti-involution" policy [2]. - The added value of upstream production sectors showed strong performance, with non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling industries growing by 9.1% year-on-year, while coal mining and washing industries grew by 5.1% [2]. Demand Side Insights - In August, the total retail sales of consumer goods and exports in USD grew by 3.4% and 4.4% year-on-year, respectively, both showing declines from the previous month [3]. - The retail sales growth rate has been declining for three consecutive months, primarily due to the diminishing effects of the "trade-in" policy. The largest month-on-month declines were seen in home appliances and communication equipment, with decreases of 14.4% and 7.6% respectively [3][5]. Investment Trends - Investment growth has slowed for five consecutive months, with real estate, infrastructure, and manufacturing investments all experiencing varying degrees of decline [6]. - Infrastructure investment growth fell to 2.0% year-on-year for the first eight months, a decrease of 1.2 percentage points from the previous month. Manufacturing investment growth dropped to 5.1%, the lowest level since early 2021 [9]. - Analysts indicate that the decline in manufacturing investment is influenced by extreme weather and rising global trade uncertainties, which suppress the willingness of downstream enterprises to expand production [7]. Policy Recommendations - Analysts suggest that maintaining stable economic growth is becoming increasingly challenging, and timely policy adjustments are necessary. The potential for new incremental policies is anticipated, possibly by the end of September, including new policy financial tools and early allocation of local government debt quotas to improve infrastructure investment [12].

Profit and Revenue Analysis - From January to July 2025, the total profit of industrial enterprises reached CNY 40,203.5 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 1.7%, with the decline narrowing by 0.1 percentage points compared to the first half of the year[1] - In July 2025, industrial enterprises' profits fell by 1.5% year-on-year, with the decline narrowing by 2.8 percentage points from June[1] - The operating income of industrial enterprises grew by 2.3% year-on-year from January to July, with the growth rate slowing by 0.2 percentage points compared to the first half of the year[1] Cost and Profitability Metrics - The operating income profit margin for industrial enterprises was 5.2% from January to July, unchanged from the first half of the year[2] - Operating costs increased by 2.5% year-on-year during the same period, with the growth rate slowing by 0.3 percentage points compared to the first half[1] - The average revenue per CNY 100 of assets was CNY 74.0, an increase of CNY 0.1 from the first half of the year[1] Industry Performance Insights - The mining industry accounted for 12.3% of total industrial profits, continuing to decline, with profits in this sector dropping by 31.6% year-on-year[9] - High-tech manufacturing contributed positively to the profit growth of industrial enterprises, adding 1.9 percentage points to the cumulative year-on-year profit growth[11] - The overall industrial production value increased by 6.3% year-on-year, slightly slowing by 0.1 percentage points compared to the first half of the year[6] Future Policy Expectations - There are expectations for incremental policies in the fourth quarter to address the weak pricing environment affecting industrial profitability[18] - The negative contribution from the mining and raw materials processing industries to profit growth is anticipated to continue, while traditional and high-tech manufacturing sectors provide some support[18]

Core Viewpoint - Experts predict that the dual push of ultra-long special government bonds and local government special bonds will significantly stimulate investment, providing momentum for expanding domestic demand and stabilizing growth [1] Group 1: Investment Opportunities - In the fourth quarter, relevant departments are expected to timely introduce incremental policies based on changing circumstances [1] - Local government special bond funds supporting infrastructure and real estate projects are likely to be densely deployed in the next phase [1] - Long-term, new infrastructure sectors such as data centers and charging piles are expected to become new growth drivers, with a more considerable investment scale compared to traditional infrastructure [1]