（文章来源：中国新闻网） 刘振民援引联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)报告指出，全球约有33亿—36亿人口处于气候变化 高度脆弱环境中，随着全球温升不断加剧，适应的有效性会下降，脆弱群体将受到额外损害。根据联合 国环境规划署的评估，发展中国家的适应成本高达每年数千亿美元，而目前的资金和技术支持难以满足 需求。 中新社巴西贝伦11月15日电 (记者刘文文)《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会(COP30)正 在贝伦举行。当地时间14日，中国气候变化事务特使刘振民在"适应气候变化中国方案"主题边会上说， 在应对全球气候变化的过程中，国际社会在适应方面的行动还远远不够。 他说，中国愿继续通过打造气候适应伙伴关系、深化南南合作等，帮助其它发展中国家提升气候适应能 力。早期预警是气候适应的"前置防线"，是发展中国家提升气候韧性的核心抓手。期待与有关发展中国 家逐步构建双边的或区域范围的早期预警合作平台。(完) 他进一步指出，中国将主动适应气候变化作为实施积极应对气候变化国家战略的重要内容。中国2035年 国家自主贡献目标中，明确提出气候适应型社会基本建成。目前中国31个省份均已制定地方适应行动方 案，3 ...

Core Points - The temporary relocation of Brazil's capital to Belém for COP30 highlights Brazil's commitment to addressing climate change and emphasizes the importance of the Amazon region in global environmental discussions [1][6][10] - COP30 is seen as a critical opportunity for global leaders to address climate commitments and the urgency of climate action, with expectations for significant outcomes [2][10][14] Group 1: Event Details - COP30 is scheduled from November 10 to November 21, 2023, with a high likelihood of extending beyond the planned closure date [2] - The choice of Belém as the venue is intended to bring global attention to the Amazon, which plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate [3][6] - The Brazilian government aims to showcase the Amazon's significance and the need for its protection during the conference [5][6] Group 2: Local Perspectives - Local residents, such as Vinicius and his wife Melissa, express pride in Belém's recognition but also highlight the region's historical neglect and the need for development [4][5] - The local community hopes that COP30 will lead to improvements in infrastructure and urban planning, addressing long-standing issues such as traffic congestion and cultural preservation [8][9] Group 3: Climate Change Context - The Amazon rainforest is referred to as the "lungs of the Earth," and its preservation is critical for global climate stability [3][5] - Reports indicate that climate change is already impacting local weather patterns, with increasing unpredictability in rainfall and rising temperatures [8][9] - The urgency of addressing climate change is underscored by recent scientific reports indicating that the world is approaching critical climate thresholds [9][10] Group 4: Goals and Challenges of COP30 - COP30 is positioned as a "conference of implementation," focusing on actionable commitments rather than mere discussions [11][14] - Key topics include enhancing national contributions to emissions reductions, climate financing, and establishing mechanisms for a just transition for developing countries [14][15] - The conference faces challenges from geopolitical tensions and the need for multilateral cooperation to achieve climate goals [15][16]

Core Viewpoint - Beijing's "Climate-Resilient Urban Construction Project" has been awarded the "Local Climate Leader" award by the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, highlighting its innovative practices in climate adaptation and green low-carbon transformation [1][2]. Group 1: Award and Recognition - Beijing is one of the 12 cities awarded, and the only Chinese city recognized in this year's C40 awards [1][2]. - The C40 "Local Climate Leader" award aims to honor cities with exemplary climate adaptation actions, with over 160 applications from 45 countries [2]. Group 2: Urban Development and Climate Resilience - The Beijing Urban Sub-center integrates green low-carbon and climate resilience concepts into its development framework, resulting in high-quality green buildings and improved transportation systems [3]. - A comprehensive flood prevention system has been established, raising flood standards to a 100-year return period, with 48.2% of sponge city standards met by 2024 [3]. Group 3: Environmental Improvements - Since the start of the project in 2019, PM2.5 annual concentration has decreased by 26%, and carbon emission intensity has dropped by approximately 20% [3]. - The forest coverage rate has reached 34.62%, making it the first national forest city in a plain area of Beijing, and the urban heat island effect has been significantly mitigated [3]. Group 4: Sustainable Urban Ecosystem - The urban sub-center features ecological landmarks and green spaces, enhancing biodiversity with various wildlife, including protected species [4]. - The vision of a livable environment with abundant greenery and wildlife has become a reality for residents [4]. Group 5: Contribution to Climate Adaptation - The construction of the Beijing Urban Sub-center exemplifies the city's long-term commitment to addressing climate change and promoting high-quality green development [5]. - Beijing has made significant strides in optimizing industrial, energy, and transportation structures, achieving a 99% share of quality energy and promoting 1.2 million new energy vehicles [5]. - The city has maintained a stable carbon market for 12 years, contributing to a significant reduction in energy consumption and carbon emissions while achieving a 130% GDP growth since 2012 [5].

Core Points - Beijing's "Climate-Resilient Urban Construction Project" won the C40 "Local Climate Leader" award at the COP30 in Rio de Janeiro, making it the only Chinese city among the 12 awarded cities [1][2] - The C40 award recognizes exemplary urban innovations in climate adaptation, with Beijing's project focusing on enhancing climate resilience and green low-carbon transformation [2] Group 1: Project Achievements - The project has significantly alleviated the urban heat island effect, with average surface temperatures during summer high-temperature periods reduced by 2-3°C [3] - Since the comprehensive construction began in 2019, the project has established a flood prevention system that has improved standards to withstand a once-in-a-hundred-year flood event, achieving a sponge city compliance area of 48.2% by 2024 [3] - The annual average concentration of PM2.5 has decreased by 26%, and carbon emission intensity has dropped by approximately 20% compared to the start of the project [3] Group 2: Environmental and Economic Impact - The project has led to a forest coverage rate of 34.62%, making Beijing the first national forest city in a plain area [3] - Beijing has promoted 1.2 million new energy vehicles, significantly enhancing green travel [5] - The city has achieved a 130% GDP growth since 2012, while energy consumption per unit of GDP has decreased by nearly 50%, and carbon emissions per unit of GDP have dropped by over 50% [5]

Core Insights - The article highlights a $1 trillion investment opportunity in climate adaptation and resilience, driven by the increasing impact of climate change on the environment [1][2] - Climate-related weather events have caused approximately $2 trillion in losses over the past decade, with significant economic impacts expected to continue [1] - Governments and companies are beginning to implement adaptation plans, with 34% of companies in the FTSE All World Index disclosing their adaptation activities [2] Group 1: Climate Change Impact - Climate change is leading to more frequent and severe extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, and storms, which pose risks to global GDP [1][2] - The inertia of the climate system means that even with immediate emission reductions, the effects of climate change will persist for decades [1][2] Group 2: Adaptation Strategies - Common adaptation measures include flood prevention, water efficiency improvements, and storm protection, with a focus on enhancing energy efficiency to manage rising electricity demands [5] - The United Nations estimates that developing countries will need to invest nearly $400 billion annually over the next decade to adapt to climate change [5] Group 3: Investment Opportunities - The article identifies a $1 trillion revenue potential from companies providing products and services that support climate adaptation, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.1% since 2016 [6][7] - The green economy is substantial, representing 7.1% of the global market capitalization of listed companies, with $5.46 trillion in investment opportunities [20] Group 4: Green Bonds - Investors can access adaptation themes through the $2.9 trillion green bond market, with 25% of green bonds linked to adaptation and resilience investments [12] - Notable examples include green bonds issued by the Dutch government for flood management and the UK’s green gilt program [13] Group 5: Future Outlook - The future of the adaptation economy is promising, with increasing attention on spending for adaptation and resilience, creating growth opportunities in this sector [13]

Core Viewpoint - The northwest regions of China, traditionally known for drought, are increasingly facing severe rainfall and flooding events, indicating a shift in climate patterns due to global warming [1][2]. Group 1: Current Climate Changes - The northwest region is experiencing a significant increase in precipitation and runoff since the 1980s, with some dried-up lakes showing rising water levels and more frequent flooding events [2][3]. - Extreme precipitation events are becoming more frequent, intense, and prolonged, particularly in areas like northern Xinjiang, the Hexi Corridor, and central Gansu [2][3]. - The increase in extreme weather is closely linked to global warming, which enhances atmospheric moisture capacity and alters moisture transport pathways [2][3]. Group 2: Urban Vulnerability and Disaster Risks - Urban areas in the northwest, such as Lanzhou, exhibit high climate vulnerability due to natural conditions, weak socio-economic resilience, and inadequate disaster response capabilities [4][10]. - Traditional engineering measures for flood management may fail under the increasing intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall events, leading to heightened risks of urban flooding and landslides [10][11]. - The geographical features of the region, including mountainous terrain, exacerbate the risks associated with heavy rainfall, leading to rapid runoff and increased flooding potential [10][11]. Group 3: Forecasting and Adaptation Strategies - Advances in numerical forecasting and data integration have improved the accuracy of rainfall predictions, with short-term forecasts achieving over 80% accuracy [5][6]. - Future strategies for enhancing disaster preparedness include developing integrated monitoring networks, refining regional forecasting models, and leveraging artificial intelligence for data analysis [5][6]. - A systematic approach to translating climate prediction data into urban disaster prevention strategies involves risk assessment, adaptive measures, and dynamic updates to response plans [6][7]. Group 4: Collaboration and Policy Challenges - Effective collaboration between climate scientists and urban planners is essential for enhancing urban climate resilience, yet challenges such as data barriers and policy implementation difficulties persist [7][8]. - Identifying high-risk areas through scientific models can optimize resource allocation for climate adaptation efforts, ensuring that investments are directed where they are most needed [11][12].

Group 1 - The theme for this year's National Low Carbon Day is "Carbon Road Pioneers, Green Future," emphasizing the importance of climate change adaptation and resource conservation [1] - The report titled "China's Progress in Climate Change Adaptation (2024)" highlights that last year, significant progress was made in key areas of climate change adaptation [1][6] - By 2025, it is expected that China's climate conditions will be generally adverse, with an increase in extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall and heatwaves [10] Group 2 - The report indicates that 2024 is projected to be the hottest year on record, with global average temperatures approximately 1.55°C higher than pre-industrial levels, surpassing the 1.5°C threshold [8] - The report outlines that 30 provinces have developed provincial climate change adaptation action plans, which set clear goals and actions from now until 2035 [9] - The report emphasizes the need to enhance climate change monitoring, risk management, and the overall capacity for climate adaptation across various sectors [10] Group 3 - The UN Assistant Secretary-General highlighted that renewable energy is expected to account for 92.5% of global new power installations in 2024, with China being a major market and manufacturing base [4] - The renewable energy sector contributes over 10% to China's GDP and accounts for a quarter of its economic growth, showcasing the economic benefits of climate action [4] - The report stresses the importance of international cooperation and structural reforms to overcome barriers in climate and energy transitions [5]