"这3位科学家获得诺贝尔物理学奖实至名归。"湖南师范大学物理与电子科学学院教授彭智慧说，他们 的研究证实，即使在宏观尺度的超导电路中，也能直接观测到量子隧穿效应。这一发现打破了"量子行 为仅存在于微观世界"的旧有认知，为量子技术的实际应用开辟出关键路径。 范桁认为，他们所发现的、基于宏观超导约瑟夫森结的量子效应，构成了当今超导量子计算的物理基 础。目前，超导量子计算发展迅速，无论在可扩展性还是稳定性方面都展现出巨大潜力，而这三位获奖 科学家，正是这一领域的重要奠基人。 其中，约翰·克拉克和米歇尔·德沃雷曾获得我国颁发的2021年度墨子量子奖。"给这两位颁发墨子量子 奖，主要是表彰他们作为领军人物开创了超导量子电路。"中国科学技术大学教授、墨子量子科技基金 会秘书长陆朝阳说。 陆朝阳介绍，约翰·克拉克在超导和超导电子学方面作出了重大贡献，特别是在超导量子干涉器件的开 发和应用领域。他的研究团队首次观测到介观系统中能级的量子化，并在实验上证实了就像原子一样， 单个约瑟夫森结也具有分立的能级。而米歇尔·德沃雷在利用超导电路来实现量子信息处理方面作出了 重要贡献。 得知诺奖授予量子力学领域的研究者，中国科学院物理研究 ...

整理 | 褚杏娟 当地时间 10 月 7 日，美国科学家 John Clarke、Michel H. Devoret 和 John M. Martinis 因"揭示量子物理实际应用的实验"荣获 2025 年诺贝尔物理学 奖，为下一代数字技术的发展奠定了基础。三人将分享 1100 万瑞典克朗（120 万美元）的奖金。 "我完全惊呆了。我从来没有想过这会成为诺贝尔奖的基础，"Clarke 通过电话向诺贝尔新闻发布会表示。他补充道，尽管他在 20 世纪 80 年代领导了这 三人的工作，但另外两人的贡献"是压倒性的"。Clarke 还表示，他们的研究得以开展，离不开 Anthony Leggett 与 Brian Josephson 的工作 —— 这两位 科学家为他们在超导电路隧穿效应方面的研究奠定了基础。Leggett 与 Josephson 均为往届诺贝尔奖得主。 "我现在用手机和你通话，我猜你也是一样。而手机之所以能正常工作，背后的原因之一就是所有这些研究的成果。"Clarke 表示。 Martinis 告诉《自然》杂志，他的妻子是在半夜（加州时间）得知这个消息的，但她决定暂时不叫醒他。"我六点前就醒了。然后我 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the rapid development and significance of quantum technology in China, particularly in Hefei, which has become a hub for quantum enterprises and innovation, supported by government initiatives and funding mechanisms [3][4][9]. Group 1: Industry Overview - Hefei is home to nearly one-third of China's quantum technology companies, with over 70 enterprises in the quantum industry chain, making it the leading city in the nation for quantum technology [4][5]. - The "Quantum Avenue" in Hefei features more than 30 leading quantum technology firms, covering quantum computing, communication, and measurement, creating the most concentrated quantum industry ecosystem in the country [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The company GuoDun Quantum has developed the world's first quantum communication network and continues to innovate with key distribution devices that have become more compact and cost-effective [4]. - The "Zuchongzhi III" superconducting quantum computing prototype, developed by a team including Chinese Academy of Sciences academicians, has achieved a record in quantum superiority, marking a significant milestone for China's quantum computing capabilities [5][6]. Group 3: Funding and Support - Hefei has increased the risk tolerance for angel and seed funds to 40% and 50%, respectively, to facilitate the initial stages of technology transfer and support the growth of quantum technology companies [9]. - The city has invested nearly 10 billion yuan in supporting quantum technology research, development, and application, establishing a robust financial ecosystem for startups [9]. Group 4: Collaborative Innovation - Hefei is implementing major research projects through "ranking and commissioning" strategies, fostering collaboration among various regions and institutions to tackle key technological challenges in quantum science [6][7]. - The city has hosted multiple quantum technology conferences and forums to enhance industry collaboration and connect various stakeholders in the quantum ecosystem [9].

Core Insights - The government work report emphasizes the cultivation and expansion of emerging industries, particularly highlighting the establishment of a growth mechanism for future industries such as biomanufacturing, quantum technology, embodied intelligence, and 6G [1] Industry Overview - Hefei has gathered nearly one-third of the national quantum technology enterprises, with over 70 companies in the quantum industry chain, making it the leading city in China for quantum technology [3] - The "Quantum Avenue" in Hefei is home to more than 30 leading quantum technology companies, forming the most concentrated quantum industry ecosystem in the country [1][2] Technological Advancements - Guo Shield Quantum Technology Co., Ltd. has developed the world's first quantum communication network and continues to innovate with quantum key distribution devices that have become more compact and cost-effective [2][3] - The "Zuchongzhi No. 3" superconducting quantum computing prototype has achieved a record in quantum superiority, marking significant progress in quantum computing technology [4] Collaborative Innovation - Hefei has implemented 12 major scientific research projects under the "ranking and commissioning" model to tackle key technological challenges, facilitating the development of advanced quantum computing technologies [5] - The collaboration among research teams from Beijing, Shanghai, and Hefei has led to the successful construction of the quantum communication network "Beijing-Shanghai Line" [5] Financial Support and Ecosystem Development - Hefei has increased the risk tolerance for angel and seed funds to 40% and 50%, respectively, to support the initial stages of technology transfer [7] - The city has invested nearly 10 billion yuan in supporting quantum technology research, results transformation, and enterprise development [7] - Hefei has established high-level industry exchange platforms and hosted multiple quantum technology conferences to foster collaboration and innovation within the quantum industry [7]