9 中国银河证券|CGS and the production and the start of the comment of the works of the world of the works of the 中东局势不确定性将如何影响全球产业链? 首席经济学家:章俊 研究助理:李沁蔓、田冀霖 www.chinastock.com.cn 证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文最后的中国银河证券股份有限公司免责声明 全球产业链系列专题研究报告 中东局势不确定性将如何影响全球产业链? 2025年7月18日 核心观点 中东局势与市场观点: ● 近年来,中东地区地缘局势不确定性高企。当前部分冲突虽阶段性降温. 但区 域内结构性矛盾依然存在,外溢风险仍不可忽视。市场普遍认为,不稳定局势 仍将带来能源市场波动并引发供应风险,但现有研究更多剖析冲突下的能源价 格走势与短期航运威胁。本报告将系统分析中东局势的延续与升级对全球供应 链的潜在中长期影响,旨在为产业与政策层提供前瞻性判断与应对建议。 本文围绕中东局势对全球供应链的中长期影响展开系统研判: ® 我们认为,尽管霍尔木兹海峡完全封锁的可能性较低,伊朗对该海峡的控制力 仍是全球 ...

Group 1: Middle East Geopolitical Risks - The Middle East region has high geopolitical uncertainty, with structural conflicts persisting despite temporary de-escalation[5] - The potential for localized control or conflict in the Strait of Hormuz poses significant risks to global shipping and energy supply[6] - In extreme scenarios, a blockade of the Strait could lead to a supply gap of approximately 12.7% of global oil demand[6] Group 2: Impact on Global Supply Chains - If conflicts escalate, oil and chemical transport through the Strait of Hormuz could decrease by 25% compared to pre-conflict levels[6] - Affected oil transport includes 9.7% for China, 3-4% for India, Japan, and South Korea, and 1.5% for Europe[6] - The energy and chemical sectors will face immediate impacts, which will transmit to transportation, pharmaceuticals, and electronics[7] Group 3: Regional Economic Dependencies - Asian economies, particularly China, India, Japan, and South Korea, are most exposed to risks from Middle Eastern energy supplies[7] - In 2025 Q1, China imported 5.4 million barrels per day from the Strait, highlighting its dependency[47] - European and American reliance on the Strait is decreasing, but they remain vulnerable in high-tech supply chains, particularly in sectors like semiconductors[55] Group 4: Recommendations for China - China should diversify its import sources for products heavily reliant on the Middle East, such as energy and chemicals[8] - The report suggests enhancing domestic production capabilities in sectors like fertilizers and energy chemicals to reduce dependency[8] - Exploring alternative import channels from countries like Canada, Algeria, and Brazil is recommended to mitigate supply risks[73]

英国石油公司股价上涨1.3%，此前同意出售美国陆上风电业务。 ...

巴斯夫与挪威国家石油公司确认战略合作伙伴关系，并签署为期十年的天然气供应协议。 ...

智通财经APP获悉，有媒体在周四援引知情人士透露的消息报道称，全球石油与天然气巨头沙特阿美 (ARMCO)非常接近达成协议，从美国资管巨头贝莱德(BLK.US)牵头并领导的大型金融财团筹集大约 100亿美元资金，主要用于投资沙特阿美位于贾富拉(Jafurah)超大型天然气项目的基础设施，还将用于 其他的非石油类型基础设施项目。 对于全球能源版图而言，随着各国寻求比石油和煤炭更清洁的能源替代品，天然气资源，尤其是液化天 然气(LNG)的资源重要性可谓逐渐超过石油体系。尤其是对于AI数据中心而言，同属清洁能源属性且更 加高效能源范畴的天然气，未来几年将是数据中心无比庞大电力系统的核心重要能源之一。 在一些华尔街分析师看来，人工智能训练/推理系统乃驱动天然气能源需求增长的重要因素。谷歌、微 软以及亚马逊AWS等大型数据中心对于天然气等清洁能源的近年来无比强劲需求，主要在于全球，尤 其是欧洲发达国家脱碳化大趋势之下，聚焦于清洁属性的风电、地热等可再生资源，以及同属清洁能源 属性且更加高效的能源——天然气。 此外，这笔沙特阿美面向贾富拉(Jafurah)天然气项目基础设施的约100亿美元融资既是能源领域筹资举 措，也是 ...

丹麦外交官：欧盟对俄罗斯的第18轮制裁包括禁止与北溪1号和2号有关的新交易。 跟踪天然气市场动态 +订阅 跟踪俄乌冲突局势 +订阅 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - All the analyzed energy and chemical products are rated as "Oscillating" [1][3][4][5][7] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The overall volatility of oil prices has decreased, lacking market drivers, and oil prices are oscillating repeatedly. Most energy and chemical products' markets have unclear unilateral drivers and generally follow the cost - end crude oil for narrow - range fluctuations [1][3][4] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Research Views - **Crude Oil**: On Thursday, oil prices rebounded. WTI August contract rose $1.16 to $67.54 per barrel (1.75% increase), Brent September contract rose $1.00 to $69.52 per barrel (1.46% increase), and SC2508 closed at 524.1 yuan per barrel, up 10.5 yuan (2.04% increase). Last week, US crude oil inventories declined, and Iraq's crude oil production decreased by about 200,000 barrels per day. Chevron's production in the largest US oil field is approaching a plateau. Entering the hurricane - prone season, its impact on oil prices needs attention. Speculators' net long positions in NYMEX light - sweet crude oil futures decreased by 10.8% [1] - **Fuel Oil**: On Thursday, the main fuel oil contract FU2509 on the SHFE closed down 0.28% at 2,863 yuan per ton, and the low - sulfur fuel oil contract LU2509 closed down 1.89% at 3,580 yuan per ton. As of the week ending July 14, Singapore's on - land fuel oil inventories decreased by 1323000 barrels (5.35%) week - on - week, and Fujairah's fuel oil inventories decreased by 682000 barrels (6.65%) week - on - week. The short - term market follows the cost - end crude oil for range - bound oscillations [3] - **Asphalt**: On Thursday, the main asphalt contract BU2509 on the SHFE closed up 0.3% at 3,628 yuan per ton. This week, the total inventory level of domestic refinery asphalt was 26.18%, down 0.82% week - on - week; the social inventory rate was 35.34%, down 0.14% week - on - week; the domestic asphalt plant operating rate was 33.72%, down 0.88% week - on - week. The short - term market follows the cost - end crude oil for narrow - range fluctuations [3] - **Polyester**: TA509 closed at 4,714 yuan per ton, up 0.17% yesterday; EG2509 closed at 4,372 yuan per ton, up 0.48%. As of July 17, the overall ethylene glycol operating load in the Chinese mainland was 66.2% (up 1.37% from the previous period), and the PTA load reached 79.7%. Polyester prices are oscillating weakly. Attention should be paid to changes in the macro environment and crude oil prices [4] - **Rubber**: On Thursday, the main rubber contract RU2509 rose 165 yuan per ton to 14,665 yuan per ton, and the NR main contract rose 95 yuan per ton to 12,585 yuan per ton. In June 2025, China's synthetic rubber production was 703000 tons, a year - on - year increase of 3.7%. Rubber prices are expected to oscillate [5] - **Methanol**: The price has returned to an oscillating trend. Iran's plant operating load has recovered to a high point, and the arrival volume has increased to a relatively high level, with limited subsequent increments. Downstream profits have recovered, and subsequent operations will remain stable [5] - **Polyolefins**: The supply of polyolefins has limited changes, demand is at the bottom, and there is little room for further decline. The agricultural film market will strengthen seasonally, and the market is expected to gradually trade on demand recovery, with prices expected to fluctuate narrowly [7] - **Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)**: The price in the East China PVC market changed little on Thursday. The overall supply has decreased, and although demand has not improved significantly, the fundamentals have not deteriorated further. The upside rebound space is limited [7] 3.2 Daily Data Monitoring - The report provides the spot prices, futures prices, basis, basis rates, and their changes of multiple energy and chemical products on July 17 and 16, including crude oil, liquefied petroleum gas, asphalt, fuel oil, etc. It also explains the calculation methods and data sources [9] 3.3 Market News - Signs of tightness in the crude oil spot market supported oil prices. Last week, US crude oil inventories declined, and Iraq's crude oil production decreased due to drone attacks. Chevron's production in the largest US oil field is approaching a plateau. Former US Treasury Secretary Summers warned that Trump's preference for Fed interest - rate setting may lead to a surge in inflation expectations and higher long - term borrowing costs [11] 3.4 Chart Analysis - **Main Contract Prices**: Presents the historical closing price trends of the main contracts of various energy and chemical products from 2021 to 2025, including crude oil, fuel oil, asphalt, etc. [13][15][17] - **Main Contract Basis**: Displays the historical basis trends of the main contracts of various products, such as crude oil, fuel oil, etc. [26][28][32] - **Inter - term Contract Spreads**: Shows the historical spreads between different contracts of products like fuel oil, asphalt, etc. [40][42][45] - **Inter - product Spreads**: Illustrates the historical spreads and ratios between different products, such as crude oil's internal and external spreads, fuel oil's high - low sulfur spreads, etc. [58][61][62] - **Production Profits**: Presents the historical production profit trends of products like ethylene - glycol, polypropylene, etc. [66][68] 3.5 Team Member Introduction - **Zhong Meiyan**: Assistant Director of the Institute and Director of Energy and Chemicals, with over ten years of experience in futures and derivatives market research, has won multiple awards [71] - **Du Bingqin**: Analyst for crude oil, natural gas, fuel oil, asphalt, and shipping, with in - depth research on the energy industry and many achievements [72] - **Di Yilin**: Analyst for natural rubber and polyester, with strong data analysis and logical abilities, and has won many awards [73] - **Peng Haibo**: Analyst for methanol, PE, PP, and PVC, with experience in combining financial theory and industrial operations [74]

2025年第二季，市场能源价格持续按季下降，其中中国动力煤及冶金煤价格分别下跌12%及9%，布兰 特期油价格下跌11%，东北亚现货液化天然气(LNG)下跌12%。与此同时，受可再生能源替代、贸易冲 突及刺激政策有限的影响，能源需求保持疲弱。2025年前五个月，中国动力煤表观需求为16.47亿吨， 同比下降0.4%;石油需求为3.81亿吨，同比增长0.8%;天然气需求为1,740亿立方米，同比下降0.9%;精炼 油消费量为1.53亿吨，同比下降6.7%。因此，美银证券预计中国能源生产商2025年第二季度盈利将按季 下降。 美银证券预计中国石油股份第二季业绩符合预期，2025年第二季净利润为397亿元人民币，按季下降 15%，同比下降7%，主要受以下因素驱动：(1)实现的原油价格下降;(2)油气需求疲弱;(3)下游业务表现 平淡。该行预计其A股回购计划将与第二季业绩一同发布。中国石化(00386)第二季业绩预计低于预期， 净利润为63亿元人民币，按季下降55%，同比下降66%，原因包括：(1)非旺季油气实现价格下降;(2)潜 在库存损失导致炼油毛利(GRM)恶化。 智通财经APP获悉，美银证券发布研报称，近期将2 ...

研究中心能化团队 2025/07/18 原油成品油早报 二、区域基本面 本周主营开工率走平、山东地炼开工率小幅上升。中国汽柴油产量均涨，柴油累库。主营综合利润环比回落，地炼综 合利润环比回落。 | 日期 | WTI | BRENT | DUBAI | diff FOB | BRENT 1- | WTI-BREN | DUBAI-B | NYMEX RB | RBOB-BR | NYMEX | HO-BRT | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | dated bre | | | | | | | | | | | | | nt | 2月差 | T | RT（EFS | OB | T | HO | | | 2025/07/11 | 68.45 | 70.36 | 70.78 | - | 1.20 | -1.91 | 1.85 | 218.70 | 21.49 | 244.74 | 32.43 | | 2025/07/14 | 66.98 | 69.21 | 70.06 | 0.71 | ...

Group 1 - China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) has obtained a patent for a "downhole logging device," which enhances the success rate of deploying flexible bands in seismic exploration [1] - The patent was granted on July 18, 2025, with an application date of September 2024, indicating ongoing innovation in the field [1] - The downhole logging device includes components such as a base, steel wire rope, first and second drums, a fixed pulley, and a guide body, designed to minimize the risk of breakage and friction during deployment [1] Group 2 - CNPC, established in 1990, is primarily engaged in oil and gas extraction, with a registered capital of 48.69 billion RMB [2] - The company has made investments in 113 enterprises and participated in 5,000 bidding projects, showcasing its extensive operational footprint [2] - China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) holds 1,446 trademark records and 5,000 patent records, along with 28 administrative licenses [2] Group 3 - China National Petroleum Group Eastern Geophysical Exploration Co., Ltd., founded in 2000, focuses on professional technical services with a registered capital of approximately 1.53 billion RMB [2] - This subsidiary has invested in 31 enterprises and engaged in 2,015 bidding projects, indicating its active role in the industry [2] - The company possesses 100 trademark records, 3,274 patent records, and 241 administrative licenses, reflecting its commitment to innovation and compliance [2]