被视为"好房子"国家标准的《住宅项目规范》(以下简称《规范》)将自今年5月1日起正式施行，从"住有 所居"到"住有优居"，《规范》明确了硬件层面的住房品质建设；与此同时，"好房子"还需要"好服 务"与之配合。日前印发的《提振消费专项行动方案》明确，推动将物业服务等服务消费条目纳入鼓励 外商投资产业目录，通过"对外开放、对内放开"的具体措施，推动扩大物业服务等领域的优质供给。 "在露营、民宿、物业服务等领域加大引外资力度，是贯彻落实党中央、国务院部署，全面提振消费的 重要举措，旨在优化外资结构，鼓励服务消费领域吸引利用外资，丰富国际化、多元化消费场景，促进 相关产业提质升级，增加优质服务供给，满足人民群众个性化、多样化、品质化消费需求，为服务消费 发展注入新活力。"商务部有关部门负责人接受证券时报记者采访时表示。 4月16日，商务部等9部门联合印发了《服务消费提质惠民行动2025年工作方案》(以下简称《工作方 案》)。商务部指出，《工作方案》注重统筹国内国际双循环、坚持供需两端发力，通过"对外开放、对 内放开"的办法，支持扩大优质服务供给。在此之前，不论是《2025年稳外资行动方案》还是《提振消 费专项行动方案 ...

智通财经APP获悉，港股今日低开高走，三大指数午后强势拉红，恒科指数一度涨超3%。南向资金持 续加码托举大市，全日净买额超355亿港元，创历史最高单日净买入纪录。截止收盘，恒生指数涨 0.68%或136.81点，报20264.49点，全日成交额4123.85亿港元；恒生国企指数涨1.41%，报7535.68点； 恒生科技指数涨2.64%，报4689.19点。 银河证券指出，中长期来看，港股市场配置价值较高的三大主线分别是：第一，在国内扩内需、稳消费 等政策刺激下，消费行业业绩有望继续改善，从而促进当前估值水平处于历史中低水平的消费股上涨。 第二，科技政策支持与产业趋势将迎来共振，相关公司业绩改善预期较强，科技板块有望持续上涨。第 三，港股高股息策略仍具备吸引力，尤其是积极进行市值管理的央企高股息标的。 蓝筹股表现 小米集团-W(01810)表现亮眼。截至收盘，涨7.71%，报41.9港元，成交额274.28亿港元，贡献恒指87.55 点。汇丰研究报告指出，小米受美国关税政策的影响小于苹果的供应商，因为其对美国市场的依赖极 低，而且其产品定位对于不确定的经济前景更具防御性。大和认为，近期小米集团的股价在车祸和配 ...

文 ｜ 陈聪 张全国 刘河维 李俊波 顺势而为，宏观把握行业周期，中观布局高景气板块，微观精选业绩高确定性个股，综合梳理两条 投资主线：一、优选业绩高成长，估值持续消化标的；二、聚焦行业龙头，中长期核心受益标的。 ▍ 关键词1：催收：CPI增速放缓和前期物业费局部限价影响了板块的营收增长，也增加了收缴 难度（分析样本为具备可持续经营能力的1 4家中大市值上市公司，下同）。 到2 0 2 4年年底，物业服务板块一年以上的贸易应收款金额达到2 7 7亿元，较2 0 2 3年大幅增加 3 8%，客观上说明了收缴的难度。不过，2 0 2 4年板块贸易应收增长9 . 2%，较2 0 2 3年1 7%的增速 明显下降，这一方面说明在困难的环境之下，催收工作取得了积极成果，另一方面说明长期欠费 业主占比仍然较小，绝大多数业主认可物业服务定价，及时缴费。同时，物业服务企业积极计提 应收减值，净新增应收减值6 0亿，比2 0 2 3年提升1 6亿元，一定程度夯实了报表。 ▍ 关键词2：节流：面对严峻形势，物业服务公司也开始努力节流。 首先，板块合同负债在2 0 2 4年提升了6%，总金额较2 0 2 3年增加了1 9亿元，企业 ...

裘翔｜中信证券首席A股策略师 S1010518080002 板块配置｜六大主线板块当前处在什么位置？ 一个季度过去了，市场最关注的几个主线板块都处在什么位置？后续还可以期待什 么？我们从股价、估值、基本面等维度自上而下梳理了科技、消费、医药、新能源、 红利、出海六大板块一季度运行动态，并给出了相关配置线索。 风险因素：中美科技、贸易、金融领域摩擦加剧；国内政策力度、实施效果及经济复 苏不及预期；海内外宏观流动性超预期收紧；地缘政治风险。 尹欣驰 ｜中信证券 汽车及零部件行业首席分析师 S1010519040002 商用车｜卡车电动化最后一块拼图：重卡混动发展前瞻 重卡新能源化进展如火如荼，趋势明确不可逆。但现有主流的纯电动重卡受限于续航 里程限制，主要在短途和特定场景下渗透，中长距离场景的新能源化仍待开拓。复盘 乘用车新能源化进程，混动车型于纯电车型普及后两年开始加速渗透，我们认为混动 也将成为重卡新能源化的最后一块拼图。混动重卡在政策大力支持的新能源重卡范畴 内、且在中长距离运输场景中满足高效运输需求，经济性表现远超柴油重卡、且混动 技术已较为成熟，我们认为其已具备大范围商业化基础。我们预计2024/202 ...

Core Views - The ongoing tariff situation remains uncertain, with recession expectations accelerating the shift to recession trading, potentially leading to synchronized cycles between China and the US [1] - Short-term focus should be on core assets, with a recommendation to concentrate on sectors such as self-sufficiency, military industry, domestic demand, and dividends [1][5] - The "reciprocal tariff" policy announced by Trump significantly exceeds expectations, with a potential 34% tariff on China impacting exports and GDP growth [2][5] Economic Impact - The anticipated 54% increase in tariffs since Trump's presidency could reduce China's export growth by 8.2 percentage points and GDP growth by 0.9 percentage points if the tariffs remain in place throughout the year [2] - Domestic policies are expected to respond with counter-cyclical measures to ensure stable economic development [2][5] Sector Analysis - Core assets are expected to outperform, with a focus on sectors that demonstrate resilience and competitive advantages, particularly in manufacturing and technology [1][5] - The agricultural sector may benefit from rising prices due to retaliatory measures, while the machinery sector should focus on resilient end-demand and competitive supply structures [5] - The banking sector is showing defensive value amid rising market volatility, with stable fundamentals expected to support performance [18] Market Strategy - The strategy suggests a shift towards low-valuation sectors with strong earnings certainty, particularly in consumer themes, agriculture, and semiconductor materials [9] - The focus on domestic consumption and self-sufficiency is emphasized as external pressures increase [9] Investment Opportunities - The report highlights the potential for investment in core assets as the market adjusts to external shocks, with a recommendation for a GARP (Growth at a Reasonable Price) strategy [1] - The energy sector, particularly airlines, is expected to see improved margins due to falling oil prices, presenting a favorable investment opportunity [13]

Core Viewpoint - The article argues that the discounting of vacant property fees will not become widespread, and even if it does, its impact on property service companies will be limited. The industry faces significant investment opportunities by rationalizing the pricing system and encouraging quality services, which will lead to clearer financial returns for quality service providers [1][7]. Historical Context - Various regions have implemented discounts on vacant property fees, such as Suzhou and Wuxi, where property service fees are charged at 70% for unoccupied properties. However, major cities like Beijing and Shanghai do not offer such discounts, and some areas have explicitly stated that there will be no discounts on vacant property fees [2][3]. Analysis of Vacant Fee Discounts - The article presents several reasons why discounts on vacant fees are unlikely to be widely adopted: 1. Property services are essential for maintaining public spaces and facilities, regardless of occupancy levels. 2. Vacant properties still benefit from services, which can enhance property values for owners. 3. Discounting vacant fees may inadvertently increase the cost of renting, leading owners to prefer keeping properties vacant rather than renting them out. 4. Developers currently face financial difficulties, but this situation is expected to improve with stabilizing housing prices, making it more reasonable to recognize unpaid fees as receivables rather than granting exemptions [3][4]. Impact on Property Service Companies - Even if vacant fees are discounted, the overall impact on property service companies is expected to be minimal. For instance, if 10% of managed area is vacant and 30% of that area receives a 30% discount, the estimated revenue impact would be only 0.9% of the company's basic service income. In reality, the effect may be even lower, as many residents do not face vacant fee issues [5][6]. Investment Opportunities - The property service industry is seen as having significant investment potential through the rationalization of pricing and the promotion of quality services. The projected price-to-earnings (PE) ratio for blue-chip companies in the sector for 2025 ranges from 5.9 to 18.3, with an average dividend yield of 5.6% and a maximum yield of 9.4%. Policies aimed at stabilizing domestic demand and rationalizing pricing are viewed as key factors for enhancing valuations in the property service sector [7][8].

Group 1: Trade Policy Impact - The new "reciprocal tariff" policy announced by Trump raises the actual tariff rate on China to 54%, slightly above market expectations, with significant impacts on the EU (20%), Vietnam (46%), Taiwan (32%), and several Southeast Asian countries [1] - The policy may represent a temporary "endpoint" for U.S. tariff increases, with future execution potentially weaker than verbal communications, necessitating close monitoring of policy implementation and new developments [1] - Observations on U.S.-China relations should focus on the shift from "sanctions-counter-sanctions" to "managing differences-risk prevention," as uncertainty continues to affect asset prices [1] Group 2: Price Governance Mechanism - The recent opinion from the Central Committee and State Council emphasizes that prices determined by the market should be left to market forces, which is expected to lead to more accurate price reflections of supply and demand [2] - The opinion outlines arrangements for price mechanisms in energy, public utilities, agricultural products, public services, and data elements, serving as a foundation for macroeconomic governance [2] - Aiming for a price target around "2%", the market-oriented pricing mechanism is anticipated to promote moderate price recovery [2] Group 3: Public Utilities and Environmental Sector - The deepening of price reforms and improvement of governance mechanisms are expected to lead to more market-oriented pricing in public utilities such as electricity, water, and gas [3] - Large hydropower, currently with low marketization and significantly below industry averages, is likely to benefit from price adjustments, leading to increased electricity prices and revenues [3] - The water and gas sectors, facing serious price transmission delays, may see improvements in overall returns and stability as pricing adjustment mechanisms are enhanced [3] Group 4: Property Management Services - The anticipated introduction of strong price limits for property management fees in Chongqing in 2023 is not expected to set a nationwide trend, with a focus on encouraging quality services at reasonable prices [6] - The property service sector is currently facing multiple challenges, including weak fundamentals and declining growth rates, but is expected to have significant upward potential as policies shift [6] - Property service companies are viewed as having a notable safety margin, making them attractive to investors [6] Group 5: Debt Market Dynamics - The shift towards ultra-long government bonds and rising interest rates since 2025 have increased interest rate risks for banks, particularly those relying on bond investments for profit [7] - The first quarter of 2025 saw a sharp decline in bond investment returns due to rising rates, putting pressure on net profits [7] - Banks may be forced to sell long-term bonds in response to interest rate risks, which could negatively impact the long-term bond market in the second quarter of 2025 [7] Group 6: Consumer Goods Sector Outlook - The consumer goods sector experienced a weak demand trend in the first quarter of 2025, influenced by the staggered impact of the Spring Festival and limited improvement in terminal demand [9] - Despite cost pressures from rising prices of certain raw materials, the overall cost of most materials remains favorable, providing some relief [9] - The second quarter of 2025 is expected to see a recovery in consumer goods revenue due to a low base and demand resurgence, with specific opportunities in the dairy, beverage, and snack sectors [9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that good housing requires good services, and good services necessitate quality and reasonable pricing. It predicts that the strong price limit policy for property fees in Chongqing in 2023 will not set a nationwide trend, but will encourage quality and reasonable pricing, potentially reversing market expectations for pricing and profitability in the property service industry [1][10]. Summary by Sections Policy Changes - In late 2023, Chongqing introduced a new property service fee management method, establishing a government-guided price for residential property service fees, which alters the previous market-adjusted pricing for high-level services. The highest service fee was set at 1.9 yuan per square meter per month, with potential exemptions for vacant properties [2]. Impact of Price Limits - The strong price limit policy may lead to a significant decline in the collection rate of existing property service contracts, creating negative externalities. The pricing constraints on existing contracts are deemed reasonable, as buyers have no bargaining power. However, the 1.9 yuan per square meter limit is considered outdated, as many listed companies charge above this rate. As of October 2024, 34% of local communities in Chongqing charged over 2 yuan per square meter [3]. Industry Challenges - Four main factors suggest that strong price limits are not advisable: 1. Overall property service quality in China is insufficient, with property fees/rent ratios significantly lower than in other countries, leading to rapid depreciation of housing value [4]. 2. The profitability of basic services in property companies is already low, and imposing price limits could drive out quality providers, negatively impacting living conditions [5]. 3. The complexity of establishing homeowners' committees and collective decision-making complicates the implementation of price limits on existing contracts [6]. 4. Residents often lack awareness of the quality of property services, which can lead to a misunderstanding of the implications of low property fees [6]. Future Policy Directions - The article anticipates that future policies will guide property service companies to enhance service quality and promote the concept of quality and reasonable pricing, rather than merely imposing price limits. The government has already repealed previous price limit documents, indicating a shift towards ensuring that any price limits set are above the average service costs of quality property service companies [7][8]. Investment Strategy - The article suggests that the property service sector is currently experiencing a dual low in valuation and profitability due to policy concerns and other factors. However, it is expected that there will be significant upward elasticity in the future, making it a sector worth monitoring for policy turning points [10].

Group 1 - The report highlights the recent performance of the CSI 300 and ChiNext indices, showing a decline of 32% and 16% respectively over the past year [2] - The top-performing sectors yesterday included non-ferrous metals, home appliances, and banks, with respective gains of 1.14%, 0.95%, and 0.88% [2] - Conversely, the worst-performing sectors included computers, real estate, and defense, with declines of 1.92%, 1.77%, and 1.68% [2] Group 2 - The fixed income analysis indicates that high real interest rates are not a sufficient condition for interest rate cuts, emphasizing that current monetary policy is already supportive of the real economy [8][10] - The report discusses the efficiency of monetary policy transmission in China, stating that changes in policy rates directly influence lending rates without the need for intermediary market adjustments [11] - It is noted that the actual interest rate is more of an academic concept with limited impact on the real economy, as evidenced by the U.S. experiences during past crises [12] Group 3 - The automotive sector is witnessing significant advancements in autonomous driving technology, with multiple companies announcing progress towards Level 3 capabilities expected to be achieved by 2025 [20][21] - BYD has made notable announcements regarding its charging infrastructure and vehicle sales, indicating strong market activity and consumer interest [19] - The report emphasizes the importance of the automotive industry's transition to higher levels of automation and the competitive landscape among various manufacturers [20] Group 4 - The service consumption sector is experiencing robust growth, with travel bookings for the Qingming Festival showing positive trends, and companies like Tongcheng reporting significant revenue increases [26] - The education sector is also highlighted, with companies like Excellence Education Group and Thinking乐 reporting impressive revenue and profit growth, indicating a strong market recovery [27] - The report notes that the average per capita service consumption expenditure in China is expected to exceed 50% by 2030, reflecting a growing trend in service-oriented spending [27] Group 5 - In the chemical industry, the report indicates a continued upward trend in organic silicon prices, driven by strong manufacturer pricing intentions and potential supply shortages [32] - The urea market is also showing signs of recovery, with prices slightly increasing due to various market dynamics, including reduced inventories and seasonal demand [33] - The report recommends several companies in the chemical sector, including 合盛硅业 and 兴发集团, as potential investment opportunities [35] Group 6 - The media sector is focusing on AI applications and gaming, with significant developments in virtual reality films expected to enhance audience engagement and revenue generation [42] - The report highlights the approval of numerous new games, indicating a healthy pipeline for the gaming industry, which is expected to contribute positively to revenue growth [41] - Companies like Tencent and NetEase are recommended for their strong positions in the gaming market and ongoing innovations in AI technology [40]

文 ｜ 陈聪 张全国 刘河维 李俊波 我们认为，困扰民企物业服务公司的历史问题已经消散，企业的分红普遍具备很强吸引力，现金资 产具备安全边际。而且，绝大多数民企物业服务公司经营性现金持续净流入，高分红是完全可持续 的。和2 0 2 4年秋天不同，当前物业服务板块可能的催化剂，并不是地产领域信用的好转（当然地 产信用也是平稳的），而是即将公布的2 0 2 4年年报有望兑现可持续的高分红，以及长期稳健发展 的愿景。我们推荐当前头部民营物业服务企业。 ▍ 历史因素形成的估值洼地。 当前，我们统计的样本民企物业管理公司的市值/企业在手资金为1 . 9 x，我们预计这些企业2 0 2 4 年股息率为5 . 6%，如果剔除金科服务，预计为6 . 0%。由于历史上房地产关联方出险，部分应收 款出现坏账，这些企业融资并购扩张的发展路径被证伪，民营物业服务公司的市值相较历史高点 大幅下降，截至2 0 2 5年3月1 3日收盘价，融创服务、碧桂园服务、永升服务、新城悦服务、金科 服务股价都较历史高点下降了超过9 0%。 ▍ 部分公司具备现金持续造血能力。 2 0 2 2年之后，物业服务板块逐渐进入低潮，此后所有民企物业服务公司基 ...