Core Insights - The eighth batch of space science experiment samples from the Chinese space station successfully returned to Earth on April 30, 2023, weighing approximately 37.25 kilograms [5] - This batch includes 25 experimental projects across fields such as space life sciences, space materials science, and new space technologies [5] - The life science samples consist of 20 types, including bone cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and early embryos, marking the largest variety of biological samples returned to date [5] Group 1: Life Science Samples - The life science samples were immediately transported to the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Application Center for status checks and further research [5] - Scientists will conduct morphological detection, cell lineage analysis, structural analysis, and multi-omics analysis on the returned samples [5] Group 2: Material Science Samples - The material science samples, which will return with the Shenzhou 19 spacecraft, include 4 categories and 22 types, such as tungsten-based ultra-high temperature alloys and high-strength steel [6] - Research will focus on the effects of microgravity on material growth, composition segregation, solidification defects, and performance [6][7] Group 3: Future Applications - The research outcomes are expected to support the design of new high-performance alloys and the ground preparation of large-sized high-performance crystals [7] - This will aid in the manufacturing and application of key materials for next-generation aerospace turbine blades, nano-electronic devices, and flexible solar sails for deep space exploration [7]

强磁场促强科研 在中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院强磁场科学中心，团队中控系统"95后"科研人员刘雪澄正在 给"00后"研究生讲解中控系统操作规范。再过不久，这名研究生也将成为这里的熟面孔，在导师张俊研 究员指导下，逐步接触到稳态强磁场实验装置高场磁体研制相关任务。 把时钟拨回33个月前。 2022年8月12日，入职刚满一个月的刘雪澄，协助同事共同完成了一项实验。直到周围研究人员开 始拥抱欢呼，她才意识到，这是个大项目：由高场磁体技术青年创新先锋队（以下简称"青年创新先锋 队"）研制的混合磁体产生了45.22万高斯的稳态磁场，刷新尘封23年的世界纪录。 近年来，青年创新先锋队在稳态强磁场领域不断取得自主研发的创新成果：2022年，混合磁体产生 了45.22万高斯的稳态磁场，目前仍是全球范围内可支持科学研究的最高稳态磁场；2024年，水冷磁体 成功产生42.02万高斯的稳态磁场，再次刷新世界纪录。 这支平均年龄不到35岁的"青年创新先锋队"，正在以青年之力，为中国科技发展注入新能量，助推 强磁场技术发展迈上一个又一个巅峰。 日前，2025年度中国青年五四奖章个人（集体）入围名单公布，中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院高 ...

证券分析师：朱国广 执业证书编号：S0600520070004 联系邮箱：zhugg@dwzq.com.cn 二零二五年五月五日 请务必阅读正文之后的免责声明部分 1 核心观点 2 证券研究报告 医药行业2024年及2025Q1总结报告： 药店、医药流通增长较好，CXO环比持续改善 医药行业：405家医药上市公司2024同比2023的销售收入、归母净利润、扣非归母净利润总额增速分别为-0.46%、-6.73%、- 11.97%。2024年Q4收入增长最快的三个细分领域依次为CXO、医疗器械、医药流通；2025Q1收入增长最快的三个细分领域 依次为CXO、药店、医药流通。 中药：62家中药上市公司2024年同比2023年的收入、归母净利润、扣非归母净利润总额增速为-3.9%、 -14.6%、-0.2% ； 2025Q1同比2024Q1的收入、归母净利润、扣非归母净利润总额增速分别为-6.4%、-3.2%、-4.35%。客观经济环境变化、疾 病发病率的变化叠加医药院内外政策影响，24年及25Q1增速明显放缓。建议关注：东阿阿胶、佐力药业、健民集团等。 化学制剂：96家化学制剂公司2024年同比2023年的收入、归 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the innovative approach of Yunnan University's "Technology Small Courtyard" in agricultural research and development, focusing on perennial rice cultivation and its benefits for local farmers [1][2][5] Group 1: Research and Development - The Yunnan University team has developed perennial rice varieties such as "Yunda 25" and "Yunda 107," which can be harvested for 3 to 4 years after a single planting [2][5] - The research team has successfully promoted their planting techniques across multiple regions in Yunnan and extended their impact to 14 countries in South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Africa [2] Group 2: Economic Impact - Local farmers have reported significant cost savings of approximately 500 yuan per mu (about 0.067 acres) annually by using the university's rice seeds, eliminating the need for yearly seed purchases and labor-intensive planting [5][6] - The new agricultural practices allow farmers to save time and engage in additional income-generating activities, such as selling barbecues or working in cities [5][6] Group 3: Educational Experience - Graduate students spend three years in the program, with two years dedicated to hands-on experience in rural areas, learning both advanced agricultural techniques and practical farming skills [6][8] - Students are involved in data collection, analysis, and local farmer training, bridging the gap between academic research and practical application [6][8] Group 4: Community Engagement - The initiative has transformed the relationship between students and local farmers, fostering a collaborative environment where both parties learn from each other [8] - The program aims to ensure that research outcomes are effectively implemented in the field, contributing to both agricultural innovation and community development [5][8]

Core Insights - The article highlights the emergence and capabilities of "machine chemists," which utilize artificial intelligence to revolutionize chemical research and enhance efficiency in scientific experiments [2][3][7]. Group 1: Development of "Machine Chemists" - The traditional chemical research paradigm relies heavily on trial and error, leading to long cycles and high costs for new material creation [3]. - In 2013, a team at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) began exploring the use of big data technology to innovate chemical research, addressing issues of low efficiency and data dispersion [3][6]. - After three years of data collection, the "machine chemist" named "Xiao Lai" was developed, integrating mobile robots and intelligent chemical workstations, capable of performing 2,000 precise operations daily, equivalent to the work of five to six researchers [6][8]. Group 2: Achievements of "Xiao Lai" - "Xiao Lai" demonstrated remarkable capabilities in researching Martian oxygen catalysts, identifying optimal solutions in just six weeks, a task that would take human researchers 2,000 years [7]. - The research findings were published in the prestigious journal "Nature Synthesis," showcasing the potential for in-situ chemical production in extraterrestrial environments [7]. Group 3: Advancements with "Xiao Lin" - The second-generation "machine chemist," "Xiao Lin," was introduced, featuring enhanced efficiency and the ability to autonomously design and optimize experiments using generative models [8][11]. - "Xiao Lin" successfully reduced the material screening time for energy-absorbing materials from ten years to seven months, showcasing its advanced analytical capabilities [11]. Group 4: Future Plans and Vision - The research team plans to construct a "machine chemist building" to accommodate hundreds of robots and thousands of intelligent workstations, aiming for a daily experimental capacity of one million operations [12]. - Future iterations of "machine chemists" will include advanced sensory capabilities, allowing them to analyze molecular structures and chemical differences, further enhancing their research capabilities [12].

本文来自微信公众号：返朴 （ID：fanpu2019），作者：小叶，题图来自：AI生成 4月30日，正是特朗普政府"百日新政"交卷之际，美国国家科学基金会（NSF）的局势急转直下。据多家媒体报道，NSF的工作人员当日收到邮件， 被告知"停止所有基金资助项目拨款，包括新批准的和现有的科研项目。" 要来的终于还是来了！ 一切皆有预兆 如此一刀切的决定貌似突然，其实早有预兆。 4月最后一周，NSF领导层推出一项新政策，要求工作人员筛选出"可能与机构优先级项目不一致的课题或研究活动"申请书，并退还给申请人。但据 Nature独家报道，该政策尚未对外公开。 那么，哪些属于优先级项目呢？ | 来源：NSF官网 | | --- | 根据NSF官网更新的内容，机构前主任Sethuraman Panchanathan于4月18日发布了一则简短声明，提出了符合优先级项目的新标准："NSF采用两项法 定标准，以确保每一项目既有潜力拓展知识前沿（知识价值），又对国家和民众产生最广泛的影响（广泛影响力）。"同时，还指出了将被拉黑的项 目："研究范围更窄、仅限于受保护的某些特定社会阶层或具有某些特征的亚群体项目都不会纳入优先级。" 实际 ...

Core Viewpoint - The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has approved international applications for lunar samples from the Chang'e 5 mission, allowing seven institutions from six countries, including two U.S. universities, to borrow these samples. However, U.S. researchers face restrictions due to the "Wolf Amendment," which prohibits NASA funding for projects involving Chinese lunar samples [1][6][7]. Group 1: International Collaboration - The approved institutions include the University of Brown and Stony Brook University, both receiving NASA funding, but they cannot use these funds for research on the Chinese samples due to the "Wolf Amendment" [1][6]. - Timothy Glotch from Stony Brook University expressed gratitude for funding from his institution to collaborate with Chinese scientists, indicating a willingness to analyze the samples despite the restrictions [3][4]. - CNSA Administrator Zhang Zhongde emphasized the importance of sharing lunar research for the benefit of humanity, stating that the Chang'e program is open to international collaboration [6][8]. Group 2: Research Objectives - Glotch aims to compare the properties of lunar soil and rock samples with those from the Apollo program, focusing on thermal properties and magnetic characteristics to understand the geological history of the Moon [4][6]. - The research will involve examining ultra-thin rock slices under high magnification to uncover clues about the origin and composition of the rocks, contributing to a better understanding of lunar geology [4][6]. Group 3: U.S.-China Relations in Space - The "Wolf Amendment" has hindered U.S. scientists' access to Chinese lunar samples and vice versa, with Chinese scientists facing difficulties in obtaining Apollo samples from NASA [4][7]. - There have been ongoing discussions between U.S. and Chinese space officials regarding the sharing of lunar samples, but U.S. institutions still face significant domestic obstacles to receiving the samples [7][8]. - Wu Weiren, a prominent figure in China's lunar exploration program, criticized the U.S. for its isolationist policies and expressed a desire for more open communication and collaboration in space exploration [8].

"五一"前夕，当记者走进中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所阿秒科学与技术研究中心，数百平方米布 满仪器的无尘实验室里十多名科研人员或在监测数据、或在调试设备。仪器上光点的闪烁，与屏幕上数 字的跳动，都像在为一项重要科研工作的阶段性成果倒计时。 "4月底是我们大科学装置建设中设计层面的一个关键节点，大家目前正快马加鞭，确保分管部分顺利产 出预期成果。"戴着防护镜的该中心副主任薛冰说。 这批青年的创新成果不断涌现，离不开团队建设和科研氛围营造。"我们经常开非正式'小会'，针对各 自研究领域的观点和问题展开讨论，这样开放包容的学术科研氛围，带来很多灵感和启发。"惠丹丹 说，既有坚定的目标导向、又充分鼓励自由探索，已成为团队的底色。 作为这一青年科研团队的"领队"，中国科学院西安光机所副所长、先进阿秒激光设施（西安部分）副总 指挥付玉喜是一名"80后"。在他看来，这个团队中的年轻人既有干劲也有冲劲，更有报国的理想信念， 把青春梦想扎根在了极微观处。 "科学研究不是坦途，但青年坚韧不拔的品质，助力这项国家使命不断向前迈进。"他说，"这让我想到 阿秒激光团队2023年第一次参加所里的篮球比赛首轮就被淘汰。后来，大家把每周三 ...

新华社伦敦5月1日电 特稿｜动摇科研根基 重创国际合作——特朗普政府科技政策引发科学界担忧 新华社记者郭爽 美国《纽约时报》报道说，美国新政府为了压制或避免"政治上偏向"的研究结果，已经删除了有关空气 质量、地震强度和海底地质等领域的大量公开数据集。文章说，在美国政府希望"尽可能少做"的当下， 最好人们什么都不知道，这样就不用去采取行动预防或者改善什么。 历史上，美国科技崛起得益于人才引进，但现在越来越多的科学家正考虑"逃离"美国。据英国《卫报》 近日报道，由于担心被拘留，一些澳大利亚学者已拒绝赴美参加学术会议。《纽约时报》上述报道指 出，美国有三分之一的诺贝尔奖得主出生于外国，但新一届政府移民政策的冲击却将一些科学家卷入其 中。 美国哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院科学政策专家约翰·霍尔德伦表示，美国政府造成的损害可能会使美国科 学研究倒退数十年。"如此大的破坏性影响将极难逆转，需要很长时间才能恢复。" 动摇科研根基 英国《自然》杂志日前刊文说，特朗普上台仅3个月，就动摇了80多年来美国政府对科学的支持。政府 解雇了数千名政府机构的科学家，使大量研究陷入停滞，许多临床试验也被迫停止。美国政府还威胁要 削减美国研究型大 ...

据了解，此次下行的材料类实验样品后续将随返回舱运输回京，包括高强韧钢、月壤加固材料等4类22种。 太空生命科学实验 助力守护人类健康 为什么要在太空开展生命科学实验，这些生命科学实验样品将为我们揭开哪些"生命密码"呢？一起来了解。 央视网消息：4月30日13时08分，神舟十九号载人飞船返回舱在东风着陆场东区成功着陆，中国空间站第八批空间科学实验样品也随神舟 十九号乘组返回地球，生命类科学实验样品于30日晚顺利交付给科学家。 据记者介绍，这次随神舟十九号飞船下行的科学实验样品涉及空间生命科学、材料科学、新技术等多个领域的25个实验项目，总重量约 37.25公斤。在现场交付的实验样品主要是生命类科学实验样品，因为生物活性的特殊要求，这些样品是第一时间从着陆场转运到中国科学院 空间应用中心。现场交付的生命类科学实验样品包括骨细胞和成骨细胞、人支气管上皮细胞、蛋白样品及果蝇等20类，是空间站应用与发展阶 段下行生物样品种类最多的一次。此次下行的果蝇，跟斑马鱼、小白鼠一样是重要的模式生物，人类有约75%的致病基因都可以在果蝇身上找 到同源基因。神舟十九号乘组在轨期间，果蝇在空间站特殊装置内展开了"亚磁-微重力"实验。在 ...