人民日报海外版记者 孔德晨 上半年中国经济运行态势如何？下半年宏观调控政策如何发力？针对当前经济形势和经济工作，国 家发展改革委8月1日举行新闻发布会，有关负责人就部分经济热点问题进行了分析解读。 经济稳中有进、好于预期 今年上半年，我国经济在顶住外部压力、消化累积风险的情况下，稳中有进、好于预期，高质量发 展取得新成效，发展的"含金量"不断提高。 "总的看，今年以来经济运行成绩来之不易，为实现全年经济社会发展目标任务奠定了比较好的基 础，也增强了我们的信心。"周陈说，下一步国家发改委将持续发力、适时加力实施好已部署的各项政 策举措；加强经济监测预测预警，常态化开展政策预研储备，不断完善稳就业扩内需政策工具箱，根据 外部环境变化及时推出，统筹今明两年政策衔接、工作衔接，着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期， 努力实现物价水平合理回升、社会就业大局稳定与经济增长的优化组合。 纵深推进全国统一大市场建设 建设全国统一大市场，是党中央作出的重大决策。 国家发展改革委体制改革综合司司长王任飞表示，近年来，全国统一大市场建设取得积极成效：一 是"四梁八柱"基本建立，市场基础制度逐步健全，市场基础设施持续完善，要素流动更加 ...

Core Insights - Shaanxi's retail sales of consumer goods reached 577.98 billion yuan in the first half of the year, with a year-on-year growth of 6.9%, surpassing the national average by 1.9 percentage points, ranking fifth in the country [1] - The strong consumer market is largely driven by the continuous implementation of "two new" policies, including the expansion of the old-for-new appliance program and the launch of new subsidies for digital products [2] - The combination of old-for-new policies and e-commerce promotions has significantly boosted online consumption, with retail sales through public networks increasing by 23.6%, the highest level in nearly four years [2] Policy and Market Dynamics - The strong policy support has effectively stimulated consumer willingness and enthusiasm, with new scenarios and business formats emerging to further energize the market [3] - Traditional culture and modern technology are being integrated, enhancing consumer experiences and increasing secondary spending, as seen in tourist attractions like the Big Wild Goose Pagoda [3] - Consumption is becoming a key driver of economic growth and a catalyst for improving quality of life, with Shaanxi continuously innovating promotional activities to unlock consumer potential [3]

Economic Performance - China's economy showed resilience in the first half of the year, with GDP growth of 5.3%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points compared to the same period last year [2] - Domestic demand contributed 68.8% to economic growth, highlighting its role as the main driver [2] - Exports grew by 7.2%, with total import and export volume exceeding 20 trillion yuan [2] New Growth Drivers - Emerging industries such as artificial intelligence, domestic processors, and innovative pharmaceuticals are rapidly developing [2] - New sectors like smart drones and integrated circuits are thriving, showcasing strong innovation capabilities [2] Consumption Trends - Retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5% in the first half of the year, with notable growth in household appliances and new energy vehicles [7] - The government is implementing various policies to boost consumption and enhance consumer capacity [7] National Market Development - The establishment of a unified national market is progressing, with inter-provincial trade sales accounting for 40.4% of total sales, up 0.6 percentage points year-on-year [4] - Cross-provincial electricity trading volume increased by 18.2%, indicating reduced market transaction costs [4] Policy Implementation - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) plans to strengthen economic monitoring and timely policy adjustments to stabilize employment and market expectations [3] - A total of 800 billion yuan for "two重" construction projects has been allocated, with further funding planned to support consumption [8]

Group 1 - The U.S. President Trump announced the deployment of two nuclear submarines near Russia in response to comments made by Dmitry Medvedev, Deputy Chairman of the Russian Security Council [11] - International gold prices increased, with spot gold rising by 2.22% to $3362.64 per ounce, and COMEX gold futures up by 2.01% to $3416.00 per ounce [3][11] - The lawsuit involving the "Zong Family Siblings" and Wahaha's current chairman, Zong Qinghou's daughter, Zong Fuli, resulted in a ruling regarding a family trust worth $2.1 billion [26] Group 2 - The People's Bank of China emphasized the continuation of a moderately loose monetary policy to support economic growth, including lowering the reserve requirement ratio and using various monetary policy tools [5] - The Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration announced the resumption of VAT on interest income from newly issued government bonds starting August 8, 2025 [6] - The National Radio and Television Administration initiated a campaign to rectify false medical advertisements, focusing on eliminating such content by the end of 2025 [7] Group 3 - The mechanical industry in China aims for widespread application of digital technologies by 2027, with a target of 50% of enterprises achieving a maturity level of two or above in intelligent manufacturing [10] - The new rules for mandatory product certification for mobile power supplies and lithium-ion batteries will take effect on August 15, 2025 [9] Group 4 - In July, BYD reported a total vehicle sales of 344,296 units, a slight increase from 342,383 units year-on-year, with electric vehicle sales reaching 177,887 units [13] - Li Auto delivered 30,731 new vehicles in July, bringing its cumulative delivery to 1,368,541 units [14] - Geely's total vehicle sales in July reached 237,700 units, marking a 58% year-on-year increase [16] Group 5 - The three major food delivery platforms in China, Meituan, Taobao Flash Purchase, and Ele.me, called for an end to irrational competition and subsidies in the industry [17] - Zhi Yuan Robotics completed a new round of strategic financing led by LG Electronics and Mirae Asset, marking LG's first investment in the field of embodied intelligence [19] - Alibaba's former chairman, Zhang Yong, joined the Hong Kong Stock Exchange's China Business Advisory Committee [20]

上半年中国经济运行态势如何？下半年宏观调控政策如何发力？针对当前经济形势和经济工作，国 家发展改革委8月1日举行新闻发布会，有关负责人就部分经济热点问题进行了分析解读。 经济稳中有进、好于预期 今年上半年，我国经济在顶住外部压力、消化累积风险的情况下，稳中有进、好于预期，高质量发 展取得新成效，发展的"含金量"不断提高。 主要宏观指标表现良好。上半年国内生产总值（GDP）同比增长5.3%，比去年同期和全年均提高 0.3个百分点。"近期多家国际机构上调今年全年我国经济增速预测，国际货币基金组织前几天大幅上调 了预测，表明对我经济发展前景充满信心。"国家发展改革委国民经济综合司司长周陈介绍，7月份，生 产经营活动预期指数为52.6%，在荣枯线上持续保持扩张，说明制造业企业市场信心较为稳定乐观。 围绕纵深推进全国统一大市场建设，要更好统筹有效市场和有为政府，更好统筹做优增量和盘活存 量。"在做优增量方面，着力推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合。推进关键核心技术攻关，开展人形机 器人、未来能源等重点领域产业创新工程。"周陈介绍，在盘活存量方面，重点是推进重点行业产能治 理。在新兴领域坚持鼓励创新、适度竞争，同时坚决制止盲 ...

■ "3600点A股攻守道"系列报道之政策红利篇 步入2025年下半年，A股市场震荡上行，交投活跃度提升，投资者情绪随政策预期升温持续回暖。伴 随"十四五"规划进入收官之年，财政政策提效与产业转型升级协同推进，一系列尚未被市场充分定价的 政策红利正步入兑现阶段。 接受中国证券报记者采访的资深分析师认为，在"两新"政策扩围与"反内卷"产能出清的双轮驱动下，下 沉市场消费升级、银发经济产业链以及"专精特新"企业成为被低估的价值洼地。伴随四季度中美降息共 振预期强化，红利资产防御属性与科技成长板块弹性或将共同主导市场结构性机会，政策与市场的动态 博弈正步入关键阶段。 财政政策"上下半场"接力稳增长 上半年，我国财政政策延续了更加积极的基调，加大支出强度，加快支出进度，优化支出结构。展望下 半年，我国财政政策仍具备较大操作空间。 方正证券研究所副所长、首席经济学家燕翔对记者表示，从政策优先方向看，城市更新、"投资于 人"、"反内卷"、"两重两新"及产业升级等领域成为重点支持对象。城市更新已进入2.0阶段，内容从单 纯的老旧小区改造扩展至建筑节能、地下管网建设及智慧治理等方面，体现出政策的系统性和前瞻 性。"投资于人" ...

Group 1 - The Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration announced the resumption of VAT on interest income from newly issued government bonds, local government bonds, and financial bonds starting August 8 [1] - The Hong Kong High Court ruled that Zong Fuli cannot withdraw or transfer any assets from the Hong Kong HSBC account of Jianhao Venture Capital until the litigation results are determined [1] - The U.S. non-farm payrolls increased by only 73,000 in July, the lowest in nine months, significantly below the expected 110,000, indicating a rapid slowdown in the labor market [1] Group 2 - The People's Bank of China emphasized the implementation of a moderately loose monetary policy and support for key sectors in financing [2] - The National Development and Reform Commission plans to accelerate the establishment of new policy financial tools to encourage private enterprises to participate in major national projects [2] - The Supreme Court clarified that agreements not to participate in social insurance are invalid and that non-confidential personnel's non-compete agreements are not enforceable [2] Group 3 - The Ministry of Finance reported six cases of local government hidden debt, with Xiamen, Chengdu, and Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone incurring hidden debts of 68.396 billion, 61.408 billion, and 10.385 billion respectively [3] Group 4 - The A-share market experienced a decline, with the Shanghai Composite Index falling by 0.37% to 3559.95 points, and the total trading volume for the day was 1.62 trillion [4] - The Hong Kong Hang Seng Index closed down 1.07% at 24507.81 points, marking four consecutive days of decline [5] Group 5 - The Hong Kong Stock Exchange published a consultation summary on optimizing IPO pricing and public market regulations, allowing a reduction in the minimum allocation ratio for IPO book-building from 50% to 40% [5] - The Shanghai Stock Exchange clarified that pre-application consultation is not a mandatory procedure for project acceptance [5] Group 6 - In the electric vehicle sector, July delivery figures showed Leap Motor exceeding 50,000 units for the first time, while Xpeng and Xiaomi also reported record monthly deliveries [9] - BYD's July sales were 344,296 vehicles, a month-on-month decrease of 8.8% [9] Group 7 - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology aims for 50% of enterprises to reach a maturity level of two or above in intelligent manufacturing by 2027 [10] - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration are improving the pricing mechanism for natural gas pipeline transportation [10] Group 8 - The State Administration of Foreign Exchange is focusing on monitoring and managing cross-border capital flows to maintain market stability [21] - The onshore RMB closed at 7.2106 against the USD, down 176 basis points from the previous trading day [21]

Group 1 - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has completed the allocation of 800 billion yuan for "two重" construction projects and 735 billion yuan of central budget investment, with plans to distribute an additional 690 billion yuan in special bonds for consumer goods by October [1] - In the first half of the year, China's economy showed resilience, with major macroeconomic indicators performing well and contributing to a solid foundation for achieving annual economic and social development goals [1] - Retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5% year-on-year in the first half of the year, with final consumption contributing 52% to economic growth [1] Group 2 - The NDRC emphasizes the importance of enhancing consumer capacity and willingness, alongside high-quality supply to stimulate new demand [2] - The national unified market construction is progressing, with logistics costs as a percentage of GDP dropping to 14%, the lowest on record, saving over 130 billion yuan in logistics expenses [2] - The NDRC plans to strengthen domestic circulation by stabilizing employment, boosting consumption, and expanding effective investment [3] Group 3 - The NDRC is addressing "involution" competition issues through legal revisions, policy introductions, and industry self-regulation [4] - The NDRC aims to maintain policy continuity and stability while enhancing flexibility and foresight to convert external pressures into internal momentum [4] - Continuous monitoring and forecasting of the economy will be conducted to ensure stability in employment, enterprises, markets, and expectations [4]

Economic Performance Overview - All 31 provinces in China have reported their economic data for the first half of the year, showing resilience and steady growth despite a complex environment, with 22 provinces achieving growth rates at or above the national average of 5.3% [1][2] - Tibet led the growth with a rate of 7.2%, while several provinces such as Gansu (6.3%), Hubei (6.2%), and Zhejiang (5.8%) also showed strong performance [2] Regional Economic Contributions - The top ten provinces by GDP in the first half of the year included Guangdong (68,725.4 billion), Jiangsu (66,967.8 billion), and Shandong (50,046 billion), with Guangdong maintaining its position as the largest economy [3] - The total import and export value of Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Shandong accounted for 64.1% of the national total, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 4.8% [3] Policy and Investment Trends - Policies aimed at boosting domestic demand and technological upgrades have been implemented, with significant increases in equipment investment in Beijing (99% growth) and retail sales in Zhejiang showing over 60% growth in certain categories [4][5] - The manufacturing sector has seen robust growth, with provinces like Anhui and Hunan reporting increases in industrial output and profits exceeding national averages [4][5] Emerging Industries and Innovations - In the eastern region, industries such as artificial intelligence and high-tech manufacturing in provinces like Zhejiang and Fujian have shown double-digit growth [5] - The western provinces are also advancing, with Sichuan reporting substantial increases in the production of new energy vehicles and solar batteries [5] Future Economic Strategies - Provinces are focusing on expanding domestic demand, enhancing new productivity, and deepening reforms to ensure sustainable economic growth in the second half of the year [7][8] - Specific strategies include Guangdong's emphasis on consumption, investment, and exports, while Jiangsu aims to enhance its market and innovation capabilities [8][9]

Group 1 - BYD Company Limited has completed the issuance of overseas listed foreign shares (H shares) and the stock transfer plan, increasing its total share capital from 2,909.265855 million shares to 9,117.197565 million shares [1] - The capital operation aims to optimize the equity structure and enhance market liquidity [1] - The company has updated its Articles of Association to clarify shareholder rights, profit distribution policies, and corporate governance rules, emphasizing that the cash dividend ratio will not be less than 10% of distributable profits for three consecutive years [1] Group 2 - The share issuance and transfer plan has been approved by the shareholders' meeting and has completed the necessary business registration changes [1] - BYD is registered in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, and its main business includes the manufacturing of new energy vehicles, batteries, and electronic equipment [1]