Core Viewpoint - Zhongheng Electric (002364.SZ) has denied recent rumors regarding partnerships with major overseas cloud companies like Nvidia, Meta, and Google, stating that no cooperation agreements or sales contracts have been signed as of now [2][6]. Company Overview - Zhongheng Electric, founded in 1996 and listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in March 2010, focuses on building a zero-carbon intelligent society through digital energy solutions [7]. - The company has developed two main business segments: power electronics manufacturing and energy internet, with products covering data center power supplies, communication power supplies, electric power supplies, charging and swapping equipment, and power digitalization [7]. Financial Performance - As of August 19, Zhongheng Electric's stock price closed at 24.97 yuan, with a daily increase of 10.00%, a turnover rate of 25.59%, and a trading volume of 3.473 billion yuan, resulting in a total market capitalization of 14.1 billion yuan [6]. Market Position and Growth Potential - In 2024, the revenue from data center power supplies is projected to be 670 million yuan, accounting for 34% of the company's total revenue, serving major clients such as mobile operators, internet companies, and large state-owned enterprises [7]. - The company is recognized as one of the earliest promoters of HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) power supply solutions for data centers and has played a key role in establishing national and industry standards [7]. Industry Trends - The demand for AI computing centers is rapidly increasing, and the penetration rate of HVDC is expected to continue growing. Major industry players like Google and Nvidia have recently introduced ±400V/800V HVDC power supply architectures, with expectations for large-scale application by 2027 [8]. - The global market for AI data center HVDC is anticipated to reach 62 billion yuan by 2030, indicating significant growth potential for companies like Zhongheng Electric [8].

Summary of Conference Call on Solid-State Transformer (SST) Technology Industry Overview - The conference call focuses on the **Solid-State Transformer (SST)** technology and its implications for the **data center** and **power distribution** industries, particularly in the context of the explosive growth of AI data centers, which are expected to maintain a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of over **35%** until **2030** [1][5][16]. Key Points and Arguments Growth of AI Data Centers - AI data centers are experiencing explosive growth, with a shift towards supercomputing and intelligent computing demands, leading to an increase in power consumption per cabinet from **4-6 kW** in traditional data centers to **20-40 kW** or even **120 kW** in intelligent computing centers [5][6][7]. - This trend necessitates higher voltage levels and more compact power distribution systems, with a move towards **800V DC** power supply architectures by companies like NVIDIA, planned for deployment by **2027** [5][6]. Advantages of Solid-State Transformers (SST) - SST technology offers significant advantages over traditional transformers, including: - **Size and Weight Reduction**: SSTs can reduce size and weight by at least **50%** compared to traditional transformers [12][13]. - **High Efficiency**: SSTs can achieve efficiency levels exceeding **95%** by eliminating the inverter stage found in traditional UPS systems [9][10]. - **Active Control**: SSTs utilize solid-state electronic switches for active control, allowing for direct conversion from **10 kV AC** to **800 V DC** without the need for filtering or reactive power compensation [10][11]. - **Flexibility**: SSTs can easily adapt to various power sources, including renewable energy, making them suitable for modern power grids [2][14]. Market Outlook and Production - SSTs are expected to enter small-scale production by **2027**, with a rapid increase in market penetration anticipated [3][16]. - The technology is positioned to play a crucial role in the modernization of data centers, particularly in high-performance computing and semiconductor manufacturing [12][13]. Additional Important Insights Impact on Power Distribution Systems - The shift towards AI data centers and higher power demands is driving the need for more efficient and compact power distribution solutions, with SSTs being a key player in this transition [5][15]. - The construction cycle for data centers utilizing SST technology can be reduced to **three months**, significantly shorter than traditional methods [14]. Beneficiary Companies - Several companies are poised to benefit from the growth of SST technology: - **Xidian Electronics** and its parent company **China Xidian** are already applying SST technology in projects like "East Data West Computing" [17]. - **Jinpan Technology** has strong ties with major clients in the data center sector, positioning it well for growth [17]. - Other companies with technological advantages, such as **Shenghong Sifang** and **Kelu**, along with upstream material suppliers like **Yunluo Technology** and **Antai Technology**, are also expected to benefit from the industry demand surge [18]. Conclusion - The SST technology represents a transformative shift in the power distribution landscape, particularly for data centers, driven by the increasing demands of AI and high-performance computing. The anticipated growth in this sector presents significant investment opportunities and highlights the importance of companies that are well-positioned to leverage these advancements.

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Accumulate" rating for the industry, specifically in the power equipment sector [5]. Core Insights - The intelligent computing center industry is experiencing rapid expansion driven by a combination of policy support, local government initiatives, and surging market demand. The investment scale in China's intelligent computing center market reached 87.9 billion yuan in 2023, representing a year-on-year growth of over 90%. It is projected to reach 288.6 billion yuan by 2028 [1][20]. - Local governments and basic telecom operators are the primary participants in the construction of intelligent computing centers, accounting for over 50% of the projects in operation, under construction, or planned as of August 2024. Internet and cloud service providers contribute approximately 17.7% of the projects [20][21]. Summary by Sections 1. Demand Driven Growth in AIDC - The investment scale of intelligent computing centers is significantly increasing due to the resonance of policy support and the demand for large models. The rapid growth in data volume driven by large model applications is pushing the intelligent computing center into an expansion phase [16][17]. - Major telecom operators and internet companies are ramping up their investments in computing power. For instance, China Mobile plans to invest 37.3 billion yuan in computing power, which will constitute 25% of its capital expenditure in 2025 [2][27]. 2. Evolution of Data Center Power Supply Architecture - The current power supply systems in data centers primarily utilize UPS, but there is a gradual shift towards HVDC and Panama power systems. HVDC systems offer significant advantages in reliability, efficiency, and economic viability compared to traditional UPS systems [3][26]. - The Panama power system demonstrates clear advantages in investment costs and operational efficiency, achieving a conversion efficiency of 97% [3][26]. 3. Future Trends in Power Supply Architecture - The transition towards medium and high voltage power supply systems is becoming a trend, with a focus on high-density and energy-efficient solutions in the AIDC era [3][38]. - The report suggests that companies like Kehua Data and Kstar, as well as leaders in HVDC and Panama power systems like Zhongheng Electric, are well-positioned to benefit from the increasing capital expenditures by internet companies [4][38].

Summary of Conference Call Transcript Industry Overview - The report discusses the evolution of power supply architectures in data centers, focusing on High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems and their adoption by major overseas companies such as Microsoft, Google, and Meta [1][10]. - The increasing demand for AI computing power is driving the need for more efficient power supply solutions in data centers, impacting both energy consumption and operational costs [1][10]. Key Points on Power Supply Architecture Evolution of Power Supply Systems 1. **First Generation**: Utilized Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems, converting AC from the grid to DC for server use, with a power capacity of 10-15 kW [2]. 2. **Second Generation**: Introduced an open pricing power supply model, integrating power sources directly into the system [2]. 3. **Third Generation**: Features a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) solution that separates power supply from IT cabinets, allowing for better scalability and efficiency [3][4]. Major Companies' Initiatives - **Microsoft**: Launched the Mount Diablo power architecture, separating power and server units, currently using a 50V DC supply [4]. - **Google**: Presented a two-phase power architecture at the OCP conference, with a transition plan to a direct DC supply of ±400V for data centers [5]. - **Meta**: Announced a three-step approach to high-power rack solutions, gradually moving towards HVDC systems [6][7]. - **NVIDIA**: Introduced an 800V power architecture capable of supporting over 600 kW, focusing on future-proofing against increasing power demands [9]. Domestic vs. Overseas Trends - Domestic HVDC systems in China are primarily at 240V, with a focus on compatibility with existing equipment, while overseas systems are moving towards 400V and 800V solutions [17][18]. - Chinese companies like Alibaba and Tencent are still utilizing 240V systems, with some planning for higher voltage systems in the future [19][20]. Supply Chain and Market Dynamics - The supply chain for 400V systems is mature, making it cost-effective, while 800V systems are newer and face higher costs and safety concerns [13][14]. - The transition to HVDC will be gradual, with existing systems needing to adapt to new power supply standards [10][22]. Investment Opportunities - Companies such as Zhongheng, Kehua, and others are positioned to benefit from the increasing penetration of HVDC systems in both domestic and international markets [22]. Additional Insights - The report highlights the importance of solid-state transformers (SST) in future power supply solutions, which can enhance efficiency and reduce size [15][16]. - The compatibility of existing servers with new power supply systems remains a critical factor in the transition to higher voltage solutions [22][23]. This summary encapsulates the key insights from the conference call, focusing on the evolution of power supply systems in data centers, the initiatives of major companies, and the implications for investment in the sector.

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The data center power supply architecture is evolving towards High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems, with major overseas companies like Microsoft, Google, Meta, and Nvidia leading the charge in adopting 400V and 800V architectures to enhance energy efficiency and reduce costs in response to the growing energy demands of AI computing [1][6][8]. Key Points and Arguments HVDC Adoption - Microsoft is implementing the Mont Diablo separated power architecture, which can be upgraded to 400V HVDC in the future [1][4]. - Google is designing a positive and negative 400V DC distribution solution, aiming for data center-level integration [1][4]. - Meta is following a three-step approach to achieve megawatt-level positive and negative 400V HVDC [1][4]. - Nvidia plans to launch an 800V power supply architecture after 2027, supporting higher rack power [1][5]. Cost and Efficiency Benefits - HVDC systems improve transmission efficiency and reduce costs by minimizing copper usage, which is crucial given the significant energy consumption increase in data centers [6][7]. - The integration of HVDC with renewable energy sources can form microgrids, optimizing energy management and achieving sustainability goals [1][7]. Transition Phases - Short-term upgrades will focus on enhancing Power Supply Units (PSUs) from 3.3 kW to 12 kW, suitable for existing data center retrofits [1][9]. - Mid-term transitions will move towards positive and negative 400V or 800V HVDC systems, while long-term plans involve direct adoption of 10 kV medium voltage to high voltage DC [1][9][10]. Additional Important Insights Domestic vs. Overseas Developments - Domestic HVDC systems primarily use 240V DC for compatibility reasons, but some companies are planning to develop 400V or 800V products due to the limitations of 240V in high-power server applications [3][13]. - Companies like Alibaba, Baidu, and Tencent are also exploring HVDC solutions, with Alibaba's Panama power supply being a notable example [3][15]. Company Strategies - Delta, Zhongheng, and Kehua are actively developing HVDC products, covering both positive and negative 400V and 800V systems [3][16]. - Investors are advised to focus on companies like Zhongheng, Kehua, and Oulu Tong, which are expected to benefit from the increasing penetration of HVDC systems [18]. Future Market Trends - The market is expected to see a shift towards higher power density requirements, particularly in the overseas market, driven by the need for efficient AC/DC and DC/DC converters [17][18]. - The integration of 800V to 50V DC/DC converters directly into server motherboards may reduce the need for external converters in the future [17][18]. This summary encapsulates the key developments and strategic directions in the HVDC sector, highlighting the ongoing transition in data center power supply architectures and the implications for industry players and investors.

Investment Rating - The report indicates a positive investment outlook for the data center power supply industry, particularly focusing on the transition from AC to DC architectures, highlighting the potential for domestic manufacturers to increase their market share [4][9]. Core Insights - The trend of increasing power density in data centers is driving the upgrade of power supply architectures from AC to DC, with significant penetration expected for DC systems due to their efficiency, lower failure rates, and space-saving advantages [4][8]. - Domestic manufacturers are expected to benefit from their leading R&D capabilities and delivery strengths, enhancing their investment value in related power supply sectors [4][9]. - The shift towards DC power supply is anticipated to stimulate demand growth in supporting sectors such as energy storage, relays, and low-voltage electrical equipment [4][9]. Summary by Sections Market Space - The demand for AI data centers is driving the power per cabinet to rise to between 20-100 kW, necessitating a more compact and higher voltage power supply system. The global data center development scale is projected to grow from 11 GW in 2024 to 35-40 GW by 2028, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of nearly 35% [8][60]. - If the penetration rate of HVDC in China increases from 15% to 40% and from 0% to 45% overseas, the global HVDC market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 161.86% [66]. Industry Chain - The demand for HVDC and other DC power sources is highly elastic, with domestic manufacturers poised to increase their market share due to their advanced R&D and delivery capabilities. The report emphasizes the importance of capturing incremental opportunities in the industry [9][70]. - The traditional UPS market is relatively stable, with the top five domestic manufacturers holding over 65% market share, while the HVDC and SST markets are still in their infancy, presenting opportunities for early movers [71][73]. Data Center Power Supply - The report notes a high concentration of cloud service providers in the data center power supply market, with domestic manufacturers expected to gain market share. The traditional UPS market is dominated by a few key players, while the HVDC market is still developing [71][78]. - The report highlights that the efficiency of HVDC systems is superior to that of traditional UPS systems, with a single HVDC system achieving over 94% efficiency [22][47].

Group 1 - The AI era presents transformative opportunities for the renewable energy industry chain, with potential deep integration with AIDC, humanoid robots, and low-altitude economy, driving intelligent upgrades in society and expanding growth space in the industry [1][2] - Major AI companies are accelerating capital expenditures, leading to a significant upward shift in the renewable energy + AIDC sector, with technologies like HVDC and BBU enhancing data center efficiency and reliability [1][5] - The humanoid robot sector is at a critical transition from 0 to 1, with the potential for significant growth as companies in the electric vehicle supply chain, such as Tesla, expand into this field [1][21] Group 2 - The renewable energy + AIDC sector is experiencing a major opportunity due to AI's deepening integration, which is expected to optimize resource allocation and enhance decision-making quality [2][5] - Data centers are evolving into innovation centers, with AIDC investments serving as forward-looking indicators of growth, necessitating improvements in energy infrastructure to meet increasing power density demands [5][7] - UPS systems are currently the most widely used in data centers, with HVDC and Panama power systems representing the next evolutionary step in power supply solutions [9][11] Group 3 - The humanoid robot industry is in its early stages, with a projected market size of 10 trillion RMB by 2028, driven by advancements in technology and decreasing costs [14][19] - National policies are significantly supporting the humanoid robot sector, emphasizing its importance and promoting applications across various fields [19][20] - Tesla is a core driver of global humanoid robot development, with plans to produce thousands of units by 2025 and expand production significantly by 2026 [21][25] Group 4 - The low-altitude economy is expected to exceed a trillion RMB in scale, with eVTOL and drones as key components, driven by policy support and rapid advancements in certification processes [50][55] - The low-altitude economy's industrial chain is robust, with a focus on manufacturing and infrastructure, highlighting a dual transformation towards intelligence and low carbon [52][56] - Policies are crucial in the early stages of the low-altitude economy's development, with initiatives aimed at fostering technological breakthroughs and market cultivation [55][59] Group 5 - Key companies in the renewable energy + AIDC sector include Kehua Data, Hewei Electric, and others, while the humanoid robot sector features companies like Keda Li and Zhenyu Technology [2][63] - The low-altitude economy is represented by companies such as Yingboer and EHang, which are actively developing eVTOL products and related technologies [63][62]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the power supply industry [4] Core Viewpoints - The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) is driving the demand for intelligent computing data centers (AIDC), which are expected to enhance the efficiency of computing resources and provide a solid foundation for the digital economy [9][11] - The power supply architecture is anticipated to evolve from UPS to HVDC, with a focus on improving power supply efficiency and reliability [4][66] - The market for AI servers and power supplies is expected to see significant growth, driven by increasing power density and the need for high-performance computing [41][56] Summary by Sections 1. AI Trends and Power Supply Demand - The construction of intelligent computing centers is expected to accelerate due to the AI wave, with a focus on enhancing computing power and efficiency [9] - The power supply infrastructure is likely to undergo iterative upgrades to meet the growing demands of data centers [19] 2. AI Server Power Supply Upgrades - The global AI market reached approximately 1,187.9 billion yuan in 2023, with expectations of a compound annual growth rate exceeding 35% from 2023 to 2030 [41] - AI server power supply performance is expected to improve, leading to increased value and demand for high-power solutions [41][56] - The transition from UPS to HVDC systems is anticipated to enhance efficiency and reliability in data centers [66][82] 3. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on several areas within the power supply sector, including: 1. Increased power density in server power supplies, with recommendations to monitor companies like Megmeet and EATON [4] 2. The shift from UPS to HVDC systems, with a focus on companies such as Zhongheng Electric and Hezhong Electric [4] 3. Backup power solutions, particularly BBU and diesel generators, with recommendations to observe companies like Yiwei Lithium Energy and KOTAI Power [4]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the power supply industry [4]. Core Viewpoints - The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) is driving the demand for intelligent computing data centers (AIDC), which require enhanced power supply and distribution infrastructure [4][9]. - The performance of AI chips is significantly improving, leading to an expected increase in both volume and price for server power supplies [4]. - The power supply architecture is anticipated to evolve from UPS to HVDC systems, enhancing efficiency and reliability [4]. - Investment suggestions include focusing on companies involved in server power supply, HVDC technology, and backup power solutions [4]. Summary by Sections 1. AI Trends and Power Supply Demand - The construction of intelligent computing centers is expected to accelerate due to the AI wave, enhancing the efficiency of data centers [9]. - The power supply infrastructure is likely to undergo iterative upgrades to meet the growing demands of AI applications [19]. 2. AI Server Power Supply Upgrades - The global AI market reached approximately 1,187.9 billion yuan in 2023, with a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of over 35% until 2030 [41]. - AI server power supply performance is expected to improve, leading to increased demand for high-power solutions [41][56]. - The transition from UPS to HVDC systems is anticipated to enhance efficiency and reliability in data centers [66][82]. 3. Investment Recommendations - Companies to watch include: 1. Server power supply manufacturers like Megmeet and Euron. 2. HVDC technology providers such as Zhongheng Electric and Hewei Electric. 3. Backup power solution providers like Yiwei Lithium Energy and Weilan Lithium Core [4].