数据中心配套电力设备趋势&伊顿业绩后交流 20251120 摘要 2025 年 Super Compute 展会展示了多个新技术和发展趋势。首先，液冷 （Liquid Cooling）技术已经从去年的试验阶段转变为主流应用。去年液冷还 处于"nice to have"的状态，而今年已经成为"must do"。其次，从需求端 来看，数据中心的建设需求非常旺盛，根据在建项目的公告，数据中心的建设 周期预计将延续到 2039 年。此外，高压直流 800 伏产品也备受关注，包括 NVIDIA 在内的多家公司展示了相关解决方案。NVIDIA 希望与能够提供全套解 决方案的供应商合作，以实现其 AI 工厂的宏大愿景。 AI 数据中心设备价值量已超过传统数据中心，目前传统数据中心设备价 值量大约为 1.2~1.5 美元/瓦，而 AI 数据中心则为 1.2~2.9 美元/瓦。 加上博伊德液冷技术，每瓦可能超过 3 美元，美国 AI 数据中心订单占比 已达 50%且不断扩大。 美国数据中心建设面临发电、人工、配电和政府审批等多环节制约，用 电问题短期内难以解决，但复杂性有利于伊顿软件、智能设备和服务在 电网端的应用。北美地区订 ...

| 以开关柜、直流电源等为主。 | | --- | | 公司对以算力需求为代表的新质生产力用电场景以及新的产品需求 保持着密切关注和研发投入。公司针对数据中心设计研发的模块化 | | 供电系统、高压直流电源系统均已完成，预计在下个月完成相 UPS | | 关的检验检测，获得型式检验报告。 | | 3、今年 季度年公司总体经营情况如何？ 3 | | 截止本年三季度末，公司实现了扣非口径下收入和利润双增长。报告 | | 期内公司实现营业总收入 9.47 亿元，同比-2.75%，归母净利润 | | 4311.73 万元，同比-41.09%，扣非归母净利润 4801.27 万元，同比 | | +170.88%。单季度看，第三季度实现营业总收入 2.61 亿元，同比 | | +12.77%，归母净利润 万元，同比+104.38%，扣非归母净利 30.23 | | 润 492.37 万元，同比+159.36% | | 报告期内归母净利与扣非净利呈现一减一增系公司在 年同期确 2024 | | 认了较高的一次性工程抢装收入，而本报告期没有发生此类收入； | | 综合智慧能源板块方面，得益于公司对生物质热电联产资产经营的优 ...

Core Insights - Solid-State Transformers (SST) are leading innovations in power transmission and distribution, utilizing power electronics and high-frequency electromagnetic induction principles [1][2] - China has established a well-defined vertical industry chain for SST, with upstream focusing on wide bandgap semiconductors and soft magnetic materials, midstream on modular manufacturing, and downstream on applications in smart grids and data centers [1][6] - The SST industry is transitioning from technology validation to large-scale commercialization, driven by AI computing power and energy transition, despite facing technical bottlenecks [1][12] Industry Overview - SST, also known as Power Electronic Transformer (PET), replaces traditional transformer components with semiconductor devices to achieve voltage transformation and electrical isolation [2][3] - The main types of SST include AC-SST, DC-SST, and Hybrid-SST, each serving different applications from smart grids to data centers [4][5] Cost Structure - The cost structure of SST is heavily concentrated in upstream components, with power electronic devices accounting for approximately 40% of costs, followed by high-frequency transformers, structural cooling, and control systems each at about 15% [8][10] Market Dynamics - The demand for SST is rapidly diversifying, primarily driven by global energy transition and digital infrastructure development, with AI data centers being the largest application segment [11][12] - The Chinese silicon carbide (SiC) market is projected to grow from approximately 1.6 billion yuan in 2024 to 1.91 billion yuan in 2025, indicating strong growth potential [10] Development Status - The SST industry in China is at a critical stage of transitioning from technology validation to commercialization, with challenges including high costs and lack of standards [12][13] - Major companies like China Xidian and TBEA are leading the market, with significant shares in high-end applications [15] Future Trends - The industry is expected to see breakthroughs in material performance and technology, leading to cost reductions and performance improvements [16] - Application scenarios are anticipated to expand from data centers and smart grids to electric vehicle charging and industrial applications [17] - The competitive landscape will evolve, emphasizing technology, capital, and supply chain capabilities, with a focus on domestic material sourcing [18]

Group 1: AI Market Growth - The global AI market is experiencing rapid growth, with a projected market size of approximately $23.4 billion in 2024 and an expected increase to $274.5 billion by 2032, reflecting a CAGR of 36% [1] Group 2: Power Supply Challenges in the US - The current power capacity of data centers in the US is nearing its limit, with over 400 GW of power supply requests reaching 57% of the national peak load, but the actual implementation rate is only about 20% [4] - Microsoft CEO Nadella highlighted that a significant amount of AI chips (GPUs) are idle due to insufficient power and cooling capacity in data center rack space, rendering high-performance chips ineffective [4] Group 3: Investment in Power Distribution Systems - For a 5MW data center, the distribution system accounts for 55% of the construction cost, while the cooling system represents 19% [7] - The power supply system is evolving towards 800V/±400V high voltage direct current systems due to increased IT load power and limited physical space in data centers [9] Group 4: Company Performance - Siyi Electric - Siyi Electric, established in 1993, has become a leading private power equipment manufacturer in China, with a diverse product range and strong EPC capabilities [11] - In 2023, Siyi Electric achieved overseas revenue of 2.158 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.71%, with new overseas orders reaching 4.01 billion yuan, up 34% [14] - The company is expected to reach overseas revenue of 3.122 billion yuan in 2024, a growth of 44.67%, with overseas orders accounting for 20.2% of total revenue [14] Group 5: Company Performance - Jinpan Technology - Jinpan Technology's dry-type transformers are key products for the AI data center market, meeting the stringent power supply stability and efficiency requirements [23] - In the first three quarters of 2025, Jinpan Technology's revenue from AIDC and IDC sectors surged to 974 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 337%, making it a significant part of the company's total revenue [23] - The company reported a revenue growth of 8.25% in the first three quarters of 2025, with net profit growth reaching 20.27%, indicating improved profitability [26]

证券研究报告 | 朝闻国盛 gszqdatemark 2025 11 18 年 月 日 朝闻国盛 如何理解央行利率比价 今日概览 重磅研报 【策略】一周市场表现与政策事件回顾（11.14 当周）——20251117 【金融工程】转债估值维持高位震荡——十一月可转债量化月报 —— 20251117 【固定收益】如何理解央行利率比价——20251117 【固定收益】天气因素推升食品价格——基本面高频数据跟踪—— 20251117 研究视点 【化工】AIDC 电源管理终极方案，SST 趋势明显——20251117 【电力设备】钙钛矿：技术突破与产业化加速并行，设备与材料环节迎 来机遇——20251117 【传媒】OpenAI 发布新模型 GPT-5.1，苹果推出 App Store 小程序合作 伙伴计划——20251117 【海外】哔哩哔哩-W（09626.HK）-广告技术迭代，新游火爆出圈—— 20251117 作者 | 分析师 宋嘉吉 | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 执业证书编号：S0680519010002 | | | | | 邮箱：songjiaji@gszq.com ...

Core Viewpoint - Solid State Transformers (SST) are expected to become the ultimate solution for AIDC power management due to their high efficiency and low footprint, with Delta's 800V SST system reaching MW-level capacity and Nvidia planning full deployment of its 800V high-voltage direct current architecture by 2027 [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Trends - Data centers are moving towards higher power levels, with power supply system efficiency becoming crucial as single cabinet power has increased from 8KW to over 30KW, and Nvidia's single cabinet power reaching 120KW [2]. - Traditional DC distribution methods are facing bottlenecks due to space limitations, copper overload, and low conversion efficiency, necessitating a new power supply architecture [2]. - In typical AIDC projects, power-related equipment costs account for nearly 50% of total costs, indicating high value and continuous iteration [2]. Group 2: SST Advantages - SST achieves high efficiency by replacing traditional transformers with high-frequency power electronics, allowing for system efficiencies of up to 98% [3]. - SST's modular design significantly reduces equipment size by approximately 40%, integrating rectification, conversion, and inversion processes [3]. Group 3: Market Opportunities - The 800V HVDC is seen as a starting point for SST penetration, offering active flexibility and green electricity adaptability, which can open broader application markets [4]. - SST can actively control power quality, addressing grid disturbances and load fluctuations, while also supporting bi-directional power flow [4]. - The new grid architecture using SST can accept 50%-70% renewable energy, improving performance by 1.3-2 times compared to traditional grid structures [4]. Group 4: Related Companies - Key players in SST systems include Sifang Co., Ltd. (601126.SH), China XD Electric (601179.SH), Jinpan Technology (688676.SH), and Xinte Electric (301120.SZ) [5]. - Companies involved in SST materials include Keli (002782.SZ) and Yunlu Co., Ltd. (688190.SH), with products covering a wide frequency range [5].

Investment Rating - The report provides a "Buy" rating for the companies involved in the AIDC power management solutions and SST technology [8]. Core Insights - The data center industry is transitioning to higher power levels, with cabinet power increasing from an average of 8KW to over 30KW, and Nvidia's single cabinet power reaching 120KW. This shift necessitates new power supply architectures due to the limitations of traditional DC power distribution systems [1]. - Solid State Transformers (SST) are positioned as the ultimate solution for AIDC power management due to their high efficiency (up to 98%) and compact design, which can significantly reduce equipment count by approximately 40% [2][3]. - The 800V HVDC system is identified as a starting point for SST penetration, offering active flexibility and compatibility with green energy, which is crucial as new data centers in China are required to have over 80% green energy usage [3]. Summary by Sections AIDC Power Management - The cost of power-related equipment in typical AIDC projects accounts for nearly 50% of total costs, highlighting the importance of efficient power solutions [1]. - SST technology is expected to evolve towards gigawatt-level applications, with Delta's 800V SST system already reaching MW-level capacity [1]. SST Technology - SST replaces traditional transformers with high-frequency power electronics, achieving higher efficiency and smaller size, which is essential for modern data centers [2]. - The modular design of SST integrates multiple functions, reducing the need for various traditional devices [2]. Market Opportunities - Companies such as Sifang Co., China West Electric, Jinpan Technology, and Xinte Electric are highlighted as key players in the SST system and materials market, with significant advancements in efficiency and application [3].

Core Insights - North America is facing significant electricity shortages driven by the rapid expansion of AI computing power, changes in manufacturing dynamics, and increased electrification demands [1][2][3] Demand Side - The explosive growth of AI is identified as a primary driver of increased electricity demand, with major cloud providers expected to increase capital expenditures by 58.5% to $362 billion by 2025 [1] - The construction of data centers, particularly for AI model training, is leading to a rapid rise in electricity demand, with an estimated annual increase of over 30 GW in electricity load in the next five years [1][2] Supply Side - North America's aging power grid is exacerbating supply issues, with many old coal and gas projects being retired and new gas projects taking over three years to build [1][2] - The U.S. has seen a 125% year-on-year increase in net electricity imports, indicating a growing supply gap [1] Impact on Electricity Prices - The tight supply-demand balance has led to a 6% increase in retail electricity prices in the U.S. compared to the previous year [2] - Rising electricity costs may pressure corporate profitability, particularly in energy-intensive industries [2] Government Response - The U.S. government plans to invest hundreds of billions in nuclear power to address the electricity shortfall caused by AI development, with a goal of constructing ten large nuclear reactors by 2030 [2][3] - An $80 billion agreement with Westinghouse Electric aims to support the construction of nuclear power plants across the U.S. [2] Industry Opportunities - The electricity shortage in North America presents opportunities for various sectors, including: - **Gas Turbines**: Seen as a short-term optimal solution for powering data centers due to their efficiency and quick deployment [3][4] - **Power Equipment**: The need for upgrading the aging grid is expected to create a significant demand for transformers, with a projected supply gap of 66% in North America from 2024 to 2027 [6] - **Energy Storage**: High-density energy storage solutions are anticipated to become standard in data centers, potentially exceeding demand expectations [7] - **New Technologies**: High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) and Solid State Transformers (SST) are expected to be favored for future data center power solutions [8] - **Renewable Energy**: Solar power and energy storage are projected to see increased demand due to their quick deployment capabilities [9] - **Nonferrous Metals**: The construction of new transmission networks is likely to boost demand for aluminum, impacting the electrolytic aluminum market positively [10]

Group 1: North America's Electricity Shortage - North America is facing significant electricity shortages driven by increased demand from AI expansion, manufacturing changes, and electrification, with a notable rise in electricity consumption growth [2] - The rapid growth of data centers, particularly due to partnerships like that of OpenAI and NVIDIA, is expected to contribute to a substantial increase in electricity demand, with a projected capital expenditure growth of 58.5% for major cloud providers by 2025 [2] - The aging power grid and the retirement of old coal and gas projects exacerbate the supply-demand imbalance, with a forecasted annual electricity load increase of over 30GW in the next five years, primarily from data centers [2] Group 2: Impact on Electricity Prices and Corporate Costs - The electricity shortage has led to a 6% increase in average retail electricity prices in the U.S. compared to the previous year, with some regions attributing this rise to the construction of data centers [3] - Rising electricity costs may pressure corporate profitability, necessitating vigilance regarding cost transmission effects on operations [3] - The U.S. government plans to invest hundreds of billions in nuclear power to address the electricity gap created by AI developments, with a goal of constructing ten large nuclear reactors by 2030 [3][4] Group 3: Beneficial Industries in China - The systemic electricity shortage in North America is expected to benefit several Chinese industries, including machinery, power equipment, photovoltaic energy, and non-ferrous metals, as demand is likely to increase due to the electricity gap [4] - Gas turbines are anticipated to be the primary new power source in the short term, with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), photovoltaics, and energy storage serving as supplementary solutions [4] Group 4: Opportunities in Equipment and Technology - Major global manufacturers like GE, Siemens, and Mitsubishi are expanding production to meet the demand for gas turbines driven by AI data center construction [5] - The North American power grid requires significant upgrades, with a projected transformer supply gap of up to 66% from 2024 to 2027, presenting opportunities for Chinese manufacturers [6] - Energy storage solutions are expected to become standard for AI data centers, with potential for increased demand in North America [7] Group 5: Emerging Technologies and Renewable Energy - High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems and Solid State Transformers (SST) are seen as future solutions for the power needs of modern AI factories, with NVIDIA pushing for an upgrade to 800V HVDC systems by 2027 [8] - The demand for photovoltaic energy is expected to rise significantly due to the retirement of old power sources and the long construction timelines for new gas and nuclear plants [9] - The construction of new transmission networks in North America will increase the demand for aluminum, which is widely used in power transmission, potentially boosting the profitability of the electrolytic aluminum industry [10]

Core Insights - The report from Huazhong Securities indicates that Teruid achieved a net profit attributable to shareholders of 686 million yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 53.55% [1] - In Q3 2025, the net profit attributable to shareholders reached 359 million yuan, showing a year-on-year growth of 41.53% [1] - The company's gross profit margin continues to improve, with overseas expansion and AIDC opening new growth opportunities [1] Overseas Projects - In 2025, the company successfully won a bid for a 700 million yuan high-voltage mobile substation project for the Saudi National Grid [1] - In the first half of the year, the company secured multiple overseas projects, including the second phase of the solar project in Saudi Arabia, a 150kV substation project for BYD's factory in Indonesia, and a 100MW solar project in Botswana [1] - The company established a subsidiary in the UAE in the first half of 2025 to enhance its competitiveness in the Middle East and surrounding regions [1] AIDC Solutions - In the AIDC sector, the company provides integrated solutions for data centers, including high-voltage access at 110kV/220kV, substation planning and construction, solid-state transformers (SST), and DC distribution solutions [1] - The company will focus on the layout of solid-state transformers (SST) and integrated solutions combining high voltage and SST [1] Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company [1]