文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 欢迎关注银行螺丝钉的公众号～ 有很多新朋友对基金投资感兴趣，但感觉无从下手，所以我写了这篇针对新手的入门帖。 方便大家了解基金投资知识和方法。 银行螺丝钉是谁？ 「银行螺丝钉」是我的笔名，从2014年开始，我在公众号以这个笔名日更投资文章，10余年来从未间断，也出版和翻译了多本基金领域的畅销书籍。 已经有数百万朋友，通过我的文章或书籍走上了基金投资之路，并获得了不错的收益。 截止到2025年8月，日更的估值表也到了2700多期。 未来，估值表还会做到10000期，差不多40年。螺丝钉也就变成一个快乐的小老头了。 也希望能跟大家一起走到那一天～ PS：如果对这个笔名的寓意感兴趣，可以点击查看《 为啥叫银行螺丝钉呢？ 》 超值福利：基金投资入门课 螺丝钉专为新手投资者打造的精品课程—— 《螺丝钉 基金投资入门课 》，限时0元解锁~ 本课程全面介绍了基金投资的必备基础知识，非常适合想学基金投资但不知从何下手的朋友们，手把手教你用基金"钱生钱"，轻松开启财富增值之旅。 长按识别下方二维码，添加课程小助手，回复「 基金入门 」，即可领取学习。 更有超值福利包，随课赠送： · 独家 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent A-share market has experienced a significant upward trend, with the Shanghai Composite Index breaking through multiple key levels, indicating a recovery in market activity and investor interest [1][3]. Group 1: Market Activity and Investor Behavior - The number of new account openings has increased significantly on a month-over-month basis, but the total remains far below the levels seen during the "9·24" market surge last year [2][5]. - Despite a surge in new account openings, the overall figures are still not comparable to the highs reached in the first quarter of this year, indicating a cautious investor sentiment [3][5]. - Many individual investors are increasingly opting for ETFs and index products to participate in the market, as these tools help mitigate the challenges of stock selection and capture sector opportunities [1][14]. Group 2: Brokerage Strategies - Leading brokerages are shifting their strategies from merely increasing new account openings to activating dormant clients and focusing on high-net-worth individuals [8][10]. - The activation of dormant clients is seen as crucial due to the potential for higher contributions to brokerage revenues, especially as these clients may have significant capital [8][9]. - Brokerages are also implementing various strategies to attract high-net-worth clients, including offering algorithmic trading and customized investment advisory services [10][11]. Group 3: Investment Trends and Opportunities - The current A-share ecosystem has changed, with a notable increase in the number of listed companies, making stock selection more challenging for investors [13][14]. - The rise of quantitative trading is becoming more prominent, with many brokerages introducing quantitative tools for high-net-worth investors, indicating a shift towards a quantitative investment era [13][14]. - ETFs are gaining popularity among investors, particularly as a safer investment choice in the current market environment, with a focus on technology and healthcare sectors as areas of potential growth [14][16]. Group 4: Key Investment Directions - Four key investment directions have been identified: high-margin assets with low valuations, technology growth sectors, consumer sectors boosted by policy support, and companies with long-term competitive advantages [16]. - The focus on technology sectors includes areas such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and biomedicine, which are expected to show high growth potential [16]. - The consumer sector is also highlighted as a strategic area for investment, particularly in the context of domestic demand expansion [16].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses different types of investors during a bear market, emphasizing the importance of long-term investment strategies and the psychological aspects of investing during market downturns [1]. Group 1: Types of Investors - There are various types of investors observed in the current market: those who panic sell, those who are just starting, those who invest conservatively, and those who fear missing out on buying opportunities [1]. - Panic sellers have significantly reduced their investments, with some funds experiencing a decline of 50%-60% since March 2021 [6][9]. - New investors entering the market during a bear phase are in a favorable position, as they can buy at lower prices and develop a healthy respect for market volatility [12][13]. Group 2: Investment Strategies - For new investors, starting during a bear market can be advantageous, as it allows them to buy at lower prices and understand market fluctuations [12][17]. - Investors are encouraged to maintain a stock allocation based on the formula "100 - age," which is a common guideline for long-term asset allocation [20][21]. - In a bear market, it is suggested to increase stock allocations when the market is undervalued, particularly when it reaches around 5-star ratings [22][23]. Group 3: Market Behavior and Psychology - Many investors prefer to buy during market dips, as evidenced by increased subscription rates during low market points [33]. - The ideal scenario for dollar-cost averaging is to have a prolonged bear market followed by a significant bull market, allowing for accumulation of assets at lower prices [35]. - Patience is emphasized as a crucial trait for investors, as markets will eventually recover and present new opportunities [39][41].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses various strategies for profit-taking in index funds, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, and emphasizes the importance of market valuation in making investment decisions [1][3][20]. Summary by Sections Profit-Taking Strategies - Three main profit-taking strategies for individual index funds are outlined: 1. Profit-taking based on return rate 2. Profit-taking based on overvaluation 3. Long-term holding without selling, relying on dividends for profit [3][4][30]. Strategy 1: Profit-Taking Based on Return Rate - This strategy suggests considering profit-taking when the return reaches a predetermined level, typically around 30% [4][5]. - The advantage is its simplicity, while the downside is the potential to miss out on gains during bull markets [7][8]. Strategy 2: Profit-Taking Based on Overvaluation - Investors can use valuation metrics to determine when to sell, with a reference to a star rating and valuation table updated regularly [11][14]. - The valuation table indicates: - Green for undervalued (suitable for investment) - Yellow for normal valuation (hold) - Red for overvalued (consider selling) [12][18]. Strategy 3: Long-Term Holding - This strategy emphasizes the benefits of holding investments for the long term, particularly for high-dividend stocks [30][34]. - It is considered low-maintenance but requires careful selection of high-dividend stocks [35]. Market Valuation Insights - The article provides historical context on market valuations, noting significant changes from 5-star ratings in 2018 to 3-star ratings in 2021, indicating effective investment strategies during these periods [20][23]. Monthly Cash Flow Investment Strategy - The "Monthly Salary" investment strategy allows for flexible cash flow options, with a projected annual payout of approximately 6% of total assets [50][56]. - The strategy has shown stability even during market downturns, with a maximum drawdown of only 9.13% since inception [56]. Automated Portfolio Management - The article discusses automated features in investment portfolios that help manage profit-taking and rebalancing without requiring manual intervention [60][64]. - This includes automatic adjustments between equity and bond allocations based on market conditions [68][80].

Core Insights - The article discusses the practical experience of managing a fund account, highlighting the importance of asset allocation and investment strategies to achieve significant returns over time [1][3]. Summary by Sections Investment Performance - The total asset value as of June 30 is 608,380.54 yuan, with a cumulative profit of 584,879.74 yuan and a current holding profit of 45,484.71 yuan, indicating that most profitable funds have been sold off for reallocation [3][4]. - The account has achieved an annualized return of approximately 9.18% since 2018, surpassing inflation, with an expected increase to around 15% if calculated based on average cost [3][4]. Asset Composition - The asset structure is clearly defined, with over 25% allocated to a consulting team that automatically adjusts positions and executes rebalancing strategies, saving time on individual stock and fund research [4]. - Index funds (such as Nasdaq and S&P 500) and tool-based products (like gold ETFs) are used as satellite investments for clear asset supplementation [4]. - 26.6% of assets are allocated to experimenting with new strategies, which helps control overall risk while reducing the frequency of daily operations, emphasizing the importance of stability over excessive returns [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of major life decisions, such as the college entrance examination, in shaping one's future trajectory and career path [2][6][25]. Group 1: Life Decisions - Major life decisions, including the college entrance examination, career choices, and personal relationships, can significantly alter one's life path [3][4][5]. - The college entrance examination is highlighted as a pivotal opportunity for changing one's life trajectory [6]. Group 2: Personal Journey - The author describes their background as a "small-town test-taker," detailing a disciplined study routine during high school [7]. - The decision to attend university in Beijing was based on the belief that it would offer more opportunities [8]. - Despite achieving good exam results, the author was uncertain about their future career during university [10]. Group 3: Career Development - The author studied physics in university, which, while not directly related to their eventual career, helped develop logical thinking skills [12]. - After graduation, the author worked in a stable banking job but found it uninteresting [14][15]. - A transition to independent investing occurred, leading to a role as a chief investment advisor and portfolio manager [18]. Group 4: Finding Passion - The author emphasizes the importance of discovering personal interests and pursuing a career aligned with those interests [21][26]. - The article suggests that finding a direction with growth potential and solvable problems is crucial for long-term success [26][27]. Group 5: Continuous Effort - The author expresses a commitment to the investment field, indicating plans to continue efforts in this area for decades [22]. - The message encourages individuals to strive for their goals and not to leave regrets, highlighting the concept of infinite possibilities in life [23][24].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for the public fund industry in China to enhance investor experience and satisfaction through the development of low-volatility and asset allocation products, as highlighted in the recent regulatory action plan by the China Securities Regulatory Commission [1][4]. Group 1: Current Challenges in the Fund Industry - The public fund industry faces a contradiction between rapid growth and poor investor experience, with many funds focusing on high-volatility strategies that ultimately lead to significant losses for investors [2][3]. - Since 2021, the CSI Equity Fund Index has experienced a maximum drawdown exceeding 40%, indicating the risks associated with high-volatility equity products [2]. - Investors are increasingly seeking stable returns and manageable volatility, as traditional fixed-income products fail to meet their wealth growth needs [3]. Group 2: Regulatory Response and Strategic Direction - The regulatory action plan aims to address investor demands for stable returns and better holding experiences, positioning "enhancing investor satisfaction" as a core measure of high-quality development [4]. - The plan includes increasing the creation of low-volatility products and asset allocation products as key initiatives to optimize product supply [4][6]. Group 3: Product Types and Market Potential - Low-volatility products include fixed income plus funds, convertible bond funds, and absolute return strategy funds, while asset allocation products encompass fund of funds (FOF), manager of managers (MOM), and target date funds [5][6]. - The market for low-volatility and asset allocation products is expected to recover, with FOF total scale surpassing 150 billion yuan by the end of Q1 2025 [5]. Group 4: Innovation and Development Strategies - To meet market demands, the industry must innovate in product design, utilizing artificial intelligence, introducing derivatives, and expanding cross-border asset allocation [1][11]. - Proposed innovations include AI-driven dynamic asset allocation strategies, quantitative fixed income products, and ESG-focused stable return products [12][13][14]. Group 5: Challenges in Product Creation - The industry faces challenges such as mismatched product design with market needs, severe product homogeneity, and insufficient research capabilities among fund companies [8][9]. - Investor education is crucial, as many investors lack understanding of the characteristics and risk-return profiles of low-volatility and asset allocation products, leading to poor investment decisions [10].

文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 过去几年，人民币债券是一轮小牛市。 到了2024年，长期债券在上涨后，波动也逐渐变大。 很多朋友都会关心： 这里为大家准备了一门限时免费的课程，详细介绍了债券指数基金的相关问题。 长按识别下方二维码，添加@课程小助手，回复「 债券基金 」即可领取～ ◆◆◆ · 债券基金的收益和风险，有哪些特点？ · 为何普通投资者，更适合投资债券指数基金？ · 当前哪些债券指数基金，投资价值较高？ 风险，投资者可能也会损失惨重。 这点在股票基金上也成立。 比如，分散配置中证A500和中证红利（各 自比例为50%），并且每年再平衡一次， 相比沪深300，收益要更高，波动风险也 更小一些。 也就是说，分散配置+再平衡，会得到1+1 ＞2的效果。 马科维茨也把分散配置,称为是投资中唯 一的免费午餐。 他也因此获得了1990年诺贝尔经济学奖。 马科维茨的理论,也为指数基金的诞生提 供了坚实的理论基础。 马科维茨从这个角度入手开始研究，提出 了「投资组合」理论，也是现代投资中, 最重要的理论之一。 这个理论用一句话概括，就是：分散配 置，可以减少风险。 分散配置一篮子相互独立的股票，可以降 低投 ...

近几年，大家对「养老」的重视度日渐提高，也是很多朋友比较关注的话题。 文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 申购费，一般由基金销售机构收取。 以股票基金为例，大多会在1%-1.5%。 不过，目前很多基金销售机构都会打折， 通常是打一折。 (2) 赎回费 · 养老，到底需要多少钱？ · 储备养老金，真的有必要很早就开始规划吗？ · 如 果要为养老做补充，有哪些品种值得考虑呢？ 有5种。 (1) 申购费 ◆◆◆ 长按识别下方二维码，添加@课程小助手，回复「 个人养老 」即可领取～ 比如： 为了帮助大家掌握【 养老规划的方法 】，这里为大家准备了一门限时免费的课程，详细介绍了个人养老规划的相关问题。 这个贯用个需要我们身细父,而是从晏金 净值里直接扣除。 也就是说,我们每个交易日看到的基金净 值，是已经扣除了管理费之后的。 赎回费,通常在赎回基金时收取,很多时 候会归入到基金净值。 赎回费与持有的时间长度有关。 以股票基金为例，通常来说， ·如果持有不到7天就赎回,会有惩罚性赎 回费1.5%，所以要避免刚买入就赎回。 ·如果持有时间超过7天，但在1-2年内， 大多数基金会有0.5%的赎回费。 ·如果持有1-2年以 ...