Core Insights - A recent proof-of-concept study published in *Nature Chemistry* demonstrates that existing commercial magnets can enhance oxygen production in space by up to 240% in microgravity environments, potentially allowing astronauts to generate more oxygen for efficient space exploration [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study highlights the need for efficient and lightweight life support systems for space missions, as current systems, like those on the International Space Station, rely on complex mechanical components and consume significant power [1]. - The process of electrolyzing water to produce breathable oxygen can reduce the need for transporting additional fuel and air to spacecraft. However, in low-gravity conditions, gas bubbles generated during electrolysis do not detach from the electrode surfaces as easily as they do on Earth, which limits the production of fuel and air for astronauts [1]. - Researchers from Georgia Tech and the University of Bremen simulated a low-gravity environment using a drop tower experiment and demonstrated a simple method to remove gas bubbles from the electrode surface during water electrolysis by incorporating commercial neodymium magnets, which enhance the magnetic field and facilitate bubble detachment [1]. Group 2: Future Implications - The findings suggest that this method could optimize water electrolysis devices for future space exploration and travel, although further testing in low-gravity environments is still required [2].

美国加州大学旧金山分校科学家发现，大脑衰老背后隐藏着一种名为FTL1的关键蛋白。实验显示，过 量FTL1蛋白会导致小鼠记忆力衰退、大脑神经连接减弱以及细胞反应迟钝。一旦阻断这种蛋白，老年 小鼠就能恢复年轻时期的大脑功能与敏锐记忆力。这一突破性发现表明，FTL1很可能是调控大脑衰老 的一个"主开关"。相关论文发表于最新一期《自然·衰老》杂志。 大脑中负责学习和记忆的关键区域——海马体，尤其容易受到衰老的影响。研究团队对比了年轻与老年 小鼠海马体中的基因和蛋白表达，发现唯有FTL1的表达水平存在显著差异：老年小鼠体内该蛋白更 多，神经连接更少，认知能力也明显下降。 当团队人为提高年轻小鼠的FTL1水平后，其大脑状态和行为表现与老年小鼠相似。在体外实验中，那 些经过基因编辑、能够大量产生FTL1的神经元，不再形成正常细胞应有的分支状突起，反而只长出简 单的单臂状结构。 研究表明，一旦降低老年小鼠海马体中的FTL1含量，其神经连接便重新变得密集，在记忆测试中的表 现也大幅提升，实现了大脑功能和结构的"返老还童"。 团队强调，这一效果并非仅仅延缓或预防衰老，而是切实逆转了已发生的损伤。此外，FTL1还会减缓 老年小鼠海 ...

Core Insights - The University of California, San Diego's Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine has developed a new technology called graphene-mediated optical stimulation (GraMOS) that accelerates the development and maturation of brain organoids [1][2] - GraMOS is a safe, non-genetic, biocompatible, and non-destructive technique that can effectively regulate neural activity within days to weeks, providing new perspectives on neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's [1][2] Group 1 - GraMOS utilizes the unique optoelectronic properties of graphene to convert light signals into gentle electrical stimulation, promoting connections and information exchange between neurons [2] - Regular application of GraMOS leads to stronger neural connections, more organized neural networks, and improved communication capabilities in brain organoid models derived from Alzheimer's patients [2] - The technology has the potential to shorten drug screening and testing timelines while being crucial for uncovering the mysteries of neurodegenerative diseases [2] Group 2 - In a proof-of-concept experiment, brain organoids connected to graphene were integrated into a robotic system equipped with environmental sensors, demonstrating real-time interaction [2] - The robotic system can send light signals to stimulate the organoids, which then generate specific neural activity patterns to alter the robot's path, completing the perception-response cycle in just 50 milliseconds [2] - This research signifies a major breakthrough in the application of graphene in neuroscience, nanotechnology, and neuroengineering, with potential expansions into tissue engineering [2]

Core Insights - The team from the University of Sydney's Nano Institute has successfully demonstrated a universal logic gate set for GKP quantum bits, significantly reducing the number of physical qubits required for computations, laying the groundwork for efficient quantum hardware information processing [1][2] Group 1: Quantum Computing Development - To build a usable large-scale quantum computer, it is essential to overcome errors that spontaneously occur in qubits during computations. Scientists typically use "logical qubits" to suppress these errors, but this approach requires a disproportionately high number of physical qubits, leading to exponential growth in hardware demands as scale increases, presenting an engineering challenge [1] - The GKP code translates continuous quantum oscillations into clean discrete states, making errors easier to identify and correct, thus encoding logical qubits in a more compact manner. For years, the GKP code remained theoretical due to its complexity, but this new research has successfully turned the theory into reality [1] Group 2: Quantum Logic Gates - Logic gates serve as information switches, enabling both classical and quantum computers to execute logical operations. Quantum logic gates operate using the entanglement between qubits, forming the foundation of quantum computing's immense potential. The recent achievement is attributed to newly developed quantum control software, which is designed based on physical models to minimize disturbances to the GKP code while maintaining its intricate structure during information processing [2] - The GKP error correction code has long been considered a solution to alleviate the resource constraints of quantum computers. The research results validate this concept's physical feasibility, suggesting that future quantum computers may find a new balance between hardware scale and operational efficiency, accelerating their transition from laboratory settings to practical applications [2]

水是生命之源、生产之要、生态之基，与我们每个人的生活息息相关。中国以全球6%的淡水资源养育了世界20%的人口，人均水资源量占有量仅为世界平 均水平的35%。 另一数据更是让人忧心。全国655个城市中，超400个存在缺水问题，其中110个为严重缺水城市。北方地区尤为严峻，水资源仅占全国的19%，却支撑着 46%的人口。 这种形势下，节水显得尤为重要。当前，我国节水工作成效如何，还存在哪些不足，该如何助力节水更加高效？围绕上述问题，记者专访了中国工程院院 士、中国水利水电科学研究院研究员王浩。 王浩，水文学及水资源学家，中国工程院院士、中国水利水电科学研究院研究员。长期从事流域水循环及其生态环境效应方面的基础研究，水资源规划与管 理方面的应用基础研究，以及水资源经济学和复杂系统决策理论方法方面的应用研究。获全国创新争先奖、联合国全球人居环境奖，被授予全国先进工作 者、全国优秀科技工作者等多项荣誉称号。 北方水资源短缺问题愈发突出 记者：我国水资源现状如何？ 王浩：我国水资源总量为2.8万亿立方米。这个数字看似很大，但实际上我国一直面临着严峻的水资源挑战。我国水资源存在"人多地少水缺，水资源时空分 布不均"的情况。 ...

Core Viewpoint - China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) announced the completion of the Dasha Petrochemical Integration Project in Ningbo, Zhejiang, marking it as the largest petrochemical industrial base in China, which is significant for enhancing the efficient conversion of heavy oil and improving the self-sufficiency of high-end chemical materials [1][4]. Investment and Project Details - The total investment for the Dasha Petrochemical Project is 21 billion yuan, with its core production facility utilizing domestically developed technology for the direct cracking of heavy oil into chemical products, achieving a 100% domestic production rate [4]. - The project focuses on enhancing resource utilization efficiency and the value of the industrial chain, transitioning from traditional fuel production to high-end chemical new materials [4]. Production Capacity and Environmental Impact - The core facility has a capacity of 3.2 million tons per year for catalytic cracking, producing 1.2 million tons of polymer-grade ethylene and propylene annually, making it the largest single unit for direct conversion of heavy oil to olefins in China [4][6]. - The project is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 200,000 tons annually and lower unit product energy consumption by over 30% compared to traditional methods, providing a new pathway for low-carbon transformation in refining enterprises [6]. Technological Innovations - The project team developed a unique "upside-down lining construction technology" to address challenges in the installation of the reactor and regenerator, which have the largest head diameter in the country [6]. - The innovative lining materials and segmented pouring process significantly reduced construction time by 90 days, setting a new benchmark for the shortest installation period for large petrochemical equipment in China [6].

Core Insights - The discovery of the endangered Dugong in the waters near Yongshu Reef marks the first recorded evidence of this species in the area in nearly 30 years, filling a significant gap in species distribution data [1][5] - The presence of the Dugong, along with other protected species like Hawksbill turtles and Green turtles, highlights the ecological significance of the Yongshu Reef ecosystem and the success of conservation efforts in the South China Sea [8] Group 1 - The monitoring of Dugong activity began in mid-July 2023, with sightings confirmed on multiple occasions, including close observations and photographic evidence [1][5] - The Dugong is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN and plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of seagrass ecosystems, which are vital for biodiversity [4] - The last confirmed sighting of a Dugong in mainland China was in 2008, and it was declared functionally extinct along the Chinese coast in 2022 [5] Group 2 - The discovery of the Dugong corresponds with sightings in Taiwan, providing important data for understanding the species' migration patterns in response to global changes and human activities [5] - The ongoing collaboration between the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology and local environmental departments has established a long-term monitoring system for reef safety and ecological research [8] - Future efforts will focus on enhancing monitoring and research of marine ecosystems in the South China Sea to support conservation initiatives [8]

Group 1 - The Baotou Longma Casting and Forging Co., Ltd. is advancing its annual production project of 200,000 tons of wind power precision castings, focusing on core castings for wind turbines over 10 megawatts, which will support the localization and large-scale production of wind power equipment in Baotou and the northwest region [1] - The project aims to create a complete industrial chain in Baotou, linking component casting, blade production, tower manufacturing, and complete assembly, thereby strengthening Baotou's position as a significant land-based wind power equipment manufacturing base in China [1] Group 2 - The establishment of the Inner Mongolia regional headquarters of Times Qiji New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. marks a strategic move for the company's innovative battery swapping solution for heavy-duty trucks, aimed at promoting low-carbon transformation in the logistics sector [2] - The local government has implemented a "one-stop" service approach to attract Times Qiji, facilitating the establishment of battery swapping stations in Baotou, which is expected to significantly reduce energy costs for enterprises and enhance the business environment [2] Group 3 - Several key projects, including Guangdong Guangsheng Silicon Industry and the Rare Earth Supply Chain Industrial Park, are driving the transformation of traditional logistics to modern supply chains in the Kunlun District [3] - In the first half of the year, the Kunlun District signed 44 new projects with external investment totaling 11.1 billion yuan, contributing to 35.1% of Baotou's GDP [3]

今年7月8日，永暑礁驻岛环保部门巡视人员首次在海岛西南方海域发现浮在海面换气的"大鱼"，并 在其后近一个月内持续观测到其在该海域的活动；8月2日—3日，巡视人员与驻岛科研人员两次近距离 观测到"大鱼"在该海域活动，并采集到影像资料。相关资料经鉴定，正是儒艮。8月11日，科研人员再 次目击了儒艮在海面的活动情况。 记者21日从中国科学院南海海洋所获悉，自今年7月中旬以来，南沙群岛永暑礁驻岛环保部门与中 国科学院岛礁综合研究中心驻站科研人员在永暑礁近岸海域持续监测到国家一级保护动物儒艮活动。这 是我国科研人员首次在该海域发现极度濒危物种儒艮的持续活动踪迹，不仅填补了该海域的物种分布空 白，更是近30年来我国南沙群岛及南海中部海域首次有科学影像佐证的儒艮活体记录。 （原载于《科技日报》 2025-08-22 第04版） ...

Core Points - The 7th Shanxi Cultural Industry Expo (Shanxi Wenbohui) was held in Taiyuan from the 21st to the 25th, showcasing the latest achievements in the cultural industry of Shanxi Province [1] - The expo is the largest and most influential provincial cultural exhibition in Shanxi, having been successfully held every two years since 2013 [1] - This year's event featured over 2,000 enterprises from 31 provinces, regions, municipalities, and 36 countries, indicating a significant expansion of its "circle of friends" [1] Summary by Categories - **Event Overview** - The expo adopted a "mainly offline, online simultaneously" model, achieving the largest exhibition scale in its history [1] - It was co-hosted by five organizations, including the Publicity Department of the Shanxi Provincial Committee and the Shanxi Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism [1] - **Exhibitor Diversity** - Exhibiting companies covered cutting-edge fields such as new tourism equipment, smart sports, intelligent cultural relics, and virtual reality [1] - Notable new products included robotic dogs, bionic robots, low-altitude drones, unmanned guides, and underground archaeological pods, showcasing a significant increase in technological content [1]