Core Insights - Hubei's photovoltaic installed capacity has surpassed 42.8282 million kilowatts, accounting for 32.31% of the total installed capacity, making it the largest power source in the province [1] - The photovoltaic capacity has exceeded hydropower for the second time this year and has now surpassed thermal power, which has an installed capacity of 41.1880 million kilowatts, representing 31.08% [1] - State Grid Hubei Electric Power is enhancing the grid structure to improve the absorption capacity in regions with concentrated photovoltaic installations, such as Suizhou, Xiaogan, and Huanggang [1]

Core Insights - Quantum technology presents new development opportunities for the banking industry, enhancing security against financial fraud and risk prediction [1] - Financial institutions must move beyond experimental phases to fully leverage the benefits of quantum technology [1] Group 1: Enhancing Risk Prediction Capabilities - Quantum computing is transforming risk modeling, fraud detection, and portfolio optimization, addressing limitations of traditional methods [2] - Yapı Kredi Bank in Turkey has developed an innovative financial risk assessment model using quantum computing to identify potential risk points in SMEs, significantly reducing analysis time from years to just 7 seconds [2] Group 2: Combating Fraud - Quantum technology enables faster and more accurate detection of financial fraud, with the UK banking sector facing losses of up to $1.6 billion in 2024 due to fraud [3] - The UK government plans to invest $162 million in quantum technology to combat financial crime, including fraud and money laundering [3] - Intesa Sanpaolo Bank in Italy has successfully implemented a quantum-based classifier to analyze transaction data, achieving higher accuracy and efficiency with less data [3] Group 3: Protecting Sensitive Financial Data - Quantum security technology, including quantum key distribution and quantum random number generation, offers theoretically "absolute security" for encrypted communications [4] - "Post-quantum cryptography" is a promising algorithm that protects financial data against potential quantum computer attacks, adhering to international standards [4] - HSBC has applied quantum security technology in gold token trading, ensuring secure blockchain data circulation and improving market efficiency [4] Group 4: Ongoing Research and Development - Banco Sabadell in Spain has initiated a four-month research project on "post-quantum cryptography," focusing on the agility of encryption systems to adapt to threat levels [5]

在天文学领域，大质量恒星一直是研究重点。这类恒星通常可以达到太阳质量的几十倍甚至上百 倍，但目前对于这一类恒星"诞生"与"终结"的研究，依然存在一些理论分歧。 人们预测，生命末期的大质量恒星会形成由不同元素组成的壳状结构，较重的元素预计会更靠近核 心，但这很难被观察到。 科技日报北京8月20日电 （记者张梦然）《自然》20日刊登的论文报告了一次罕见的宇宙事件：一 颗大质量恒星在超新星爆发时，"自曝"其内部结构，从而向人们揭示了大质量恒星生命结束之谜。该研 究对恒星演化提供了新见解，证实了对恒星临近生命末期结构的预测。 在同时发表的新闻与观点文章中，天文学家认为这项发现"直接证实了理论预测的恒星壳结构，一 直延伸到富含硅和硫的层"。 研究人员提出，恒星暴露出的内部结构，挑战了现有关于大质量恒星质量损失和剥离机制的理论， 并提出这可能涉及一种罕见的机制。 美国西北大学研究人员此次报告了他们对超新星2021yfj的观察。其前身恒星似乎已剥离了大多数 外层，超新星爆发揭示了其内部恒星层。研究人员观察到一个厚且大质量的富含硅和硫的壳，在超新星 爆发前不久被原恒星排出。但他们还检测到了氦，这有些出乎意料，因为人们认为较轻 ...

Core Viewpoint - The claim that "the more painful alcohol treatment is, the more effective it is" lacks scientific basis, as pain is a result of alcohol's chemical irritation rather than its disinfecting efficacy [2][3]. Disinfection Mechanism - Alcohol is a traditional disinfectant that effectively kills various microorganisms, but the pain experienced during application is due to its irritative effects on nerve endings and tissue dehydration [2]. - The effectiveness of alcohol disinfection is influenced by factors such as concentration, contact time, type of microorganisms, and cleanliness of the wound [3]. Alcohol Concentration - The optimal concentration for disinfection is between 70% and 80%, with 75% being commonly used; concentrations that are too low or too high can hinder disinfection effectiveness [3]. Cleaning Procedures - Prior to using alcohol for disinfection, it is essential to clean the wound with running water and soap to remove visible dirt, as contaminants can obstruct alcohol's contact with pathogens [3]. Alternative Disinfectants - For superficial wounds with minimal bleeding, iodine-based disinfectants are recommended due to their broad-spectrum efficacy and lower irritation compared to alcohol [4][5]. - In cases of deeper wounds, medical attention is advised to assess the depth, presence of foreign objects, and bleeding [5].

全球气温升高影响了水循环。大气中水蒸气含量创下历史新高，2024年全球超1/5地区出现极端水 汽值，远超2023年的1/10。 据物理学家组织网报道，美国气象学会最新发布了《第35届年度气候状况》报告。这份汇聚58国 589位科学家智慧的报告，堪称地球的"年度体检报告"。报告为人类敲响了警钟：2024年，全球温室气 体浓度、陆地和海洋温度、海平面高度及海洋热含量等多项指标集体破纪录。 作为持续数十年的权威气候评估，该报告不仅追踪二氧化碳等关键指标，更整合了全球地面观测 站、海洋浮标、卫星等立体监测网络的数据。美国气象学会主席戴维·斯滕斯鲁德表示，这份经过严格 同行评审的报告揭示了2024年全球气温的破纪录表现，再次验证了气候变化的严峻现实。 报告揭示的关键发现令人警醒。温室气体浓度突破极值，大气中二氧化碳浓度攀升至422.8±0.1百 万分比浓度（ppm），较工业化前的278ppm飙升52%。 报告指出，全球已开启"高烧"模式。地表温度连续两年打破纪录，较1991—2020年均值高出0.63℃ —0.72℃。此外，六大权威数据集得出高度一致的结论，即2015—2024年成为有记录以来最热的十年。 此外，受厄尔 ...

Core Insights - The research team at the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering has made a significant breakthrough in the field of next-generation spintronic devices, transforming obstacles to electron movement into performance enhancers, providing a new approach to overcoming the core bottleneck faced by spintronic devices [1][3] Group 1: Spintronic Devices - Spintronic devices theoretically possess advantages such as high speed and non-volatility, but face challenges related to high write current and power consumption, hindering large-scale application [1][2] - The "power wall" has become a critical bottleneck for industry development, as traditional electronic technologies approach their performance limits due to increased power consumption and heat generation from densely integrated components [1] Group 2: New Physical Principles - The research team discovered a new physical law, termed "non-traditional scaling law," indicating that crystal defects, previously seen as obstacles, can enhance the performance of devices by strengthening the orbital effect when interacting with the orbital flow of electrons [3] - This finding provides a new physical basis for developing efficient orbital electronic devices and offers fresh design ideas for the field of spintronics [3]

Core Insights - Researchers from the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have developed a superlubricating polymer gel material inspired by the continuous lubrication mechanism of earthworms [1] - The research paper was published in "Nature Communications," highlighting the innovative approach to creating biomimetic multi-level structured superlubricating polymer gel materials [1] Material Development - The material was created using strategies such as controllable chemical etching, in-situ wrinkling, laser microfabrication, and balanced swelling of closed pores [1] - It exhibits an ultra-low friction coefficient and stable, long-lasting superlubrication lifespan under high contact pressure conditions, with no surface wear [1] Performance Characteristics - This polymer gel-based superlubricating material has the highest reported load-bearing capacity at the macro scale [1] - In quasi-wet testing conditions, the material can achieve considerable sustained lubrication with limited lubricant supply [1] Mechanisms of Superlubrication - The robust and durable superlubrication behavior is attributed to factors such as hydration effects at the sliding interface, electrostatic repulsion, mechanical matching of the lubricating layer and load-bearing phase, and the self-pumping characteristics of the lubricant during friction [1] Practical Applications - The researchers built a load-friction mechanical drive testing system to visually demonstrate the mechanical robustness and reliable superlubrication behavior of the material [1] - This research provides theoretical guidance for the development of water-based superlubricating moving parts and medical devices [1]

Group 1 - The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has confirmed 639 valid candidates for the 2025 academician election, with specific distributions across various departments, including 98 in Mathematics and Physics, 105 in Chemistry, 125 in Life Sciences and Medicine, 96 in Earth Sciences, 61 in Information Technology, 104 in Engineering Technology, and 50 in special recommendation fields [1] - The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) has confirmed 660 valid candidates for the 2025 academician election, with distributions including 68 in Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, 68 in Information and Electronic Engineering, 71 in Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 72 in Energy and Mining Engineering, 91 in Civil, Hydraulic and Architectural Engineering, 73 in Environmental and Light Textile Engineering, 83 in Agriculture, 91 in Medicine and Health, and 43 in special channels [2] - The 2025 academician election guidelines emphasize the importance of significant contributions, academic standards, and ethical conduct, while also focusing on meeting national development and security needs, promoting balanced development across disciplines, and highlighting the recommendation of researchers actively engaged in frontline scientific research [1] Group 2 - The CAE's election guidelines align closely with national strategic needs and discipline development, emphasizing technological innovation to lead the development of new productive forces, and prioritizing candidates in critical fields, emerging disciplines, interdisciplinary areas, major national projects, significant research tasks, and major scientific infrastructure construction [2] - The 2025 election process for both academies officially commenced on April 25, with each academy having a limit of no more than 100 new academicians [2]

Core Viewpoint - The research team led by Xu Yigang from the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry has accurately determined that the Apollo basin on the Moon formed 4.16 billion years ago, providing crucial evidence for understanding the late heavy bombardment in the solar system [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study published in the journal Nature Astronomy reveals that the age of the Apollo basin has been pushed forward by at least 100 million years, updating the timeline for the onset of the late heavy bombardment [2]. - The research indicates that the impact flux during the late heavy bombardment period shows a gradual decline, contradicting the hypothesis of a sudden increase in impact flux between 4 billion and 3.8 billion years ago [2]. Group 2: Methodology - The team analyzed 3.5 grams of lunar soil, discovering three rock fragments with diameters of 150-350 micrometers, which are ideal "rock clocks" that record impact events [1]. - The age determination of the rock fragments was achieved by integrating remote sensing images and geochemical data, confirming the 4.16 billion-year age for the Apollo basin [2].

据英国《新科学家》网站19日消息，美国明尼苏达大学研究团队为一名饱受重度抑郁困扰30余年的患者 植入定制化"脑起搏器"，通过精准刺激不同脑区网络，使其症状得到明显改善，并最终进入缓解期。这 一成果为难治性抑郁症的治疗开辟了新途径。 抑郁症的治疗抵抗是指患者在尝试至少两种抗抑郁药物后仍收效甚微。在这种情况下，电休克疗法等脑 部刺激手段有时能带来帮助，但同样存在疗效有限的问题。 在此基础上，研究人员将电极与植入锁骨附近皮下的小电池相连，使该装置可在男子日常生活中自动运 行。这相当于一个"大脑起搏器"，它会全天持续运行，每5分钟对不同的脑网络刺激1分钟。 术后6个月内，患者借助手机应用切换多种刺激模式，并每天记录病情。而且，术后仅7周，他就不再报 告有自杀念头。9个月时，根据汉密尔顿抑郁量表，他已进入缓解期，意味着症状显著消失。 与此前基于植入电极的个性化脑刺激相比，该方法所需计算资源更少，患者术后住院时间也更短。不 过，目前尚不清楚没有"显著性网络"扩大的抑郁患者是否同样受益。未来仍需开展随机对照试验，以验 证该方法的安全性和有效性。 （文章来源：科技日报） 此次接受治疗的男子现年44岁，13岁时因抑郁症首次住院 ...