科技日报北京12月28日电 （记者刘霞）阿尔茨海默病一直被认为不可逆转，但美国科学家开展的一项 最新研究发现，大脑能量供应失衡是导致该病恶化的重要因素。动物实验显示，通过药物恢复能量平 衡，不仅能修复受损脑组织，甚至能完全恢复晚期患病小鼠的记忆和认知功能，从而逆转疾病进程。这 项突破性发现为治愈阿尔茨海默病带来了可能，相关成果发表于新一期《细胞医学报告》杂志。 过去一个多世纪，针对阿尔茨海默病的研究大多聚焦于预防或延缓病程，极少尝试逆转已造成的损伤。 尽管投入巨大，全球尚未有任何药物以认知功能恢复为临床试验目标。 为改变这一局面，美国凯斯西储大学与克利夫兰医学中心研究团队利用小鼠模型和人类患者脑组织发 现，患者大脑难以维持一种关键细胞能量分子NAD+的正常水平，这直接推动了阿尔茨海默病的发展。 团队强调，该疗法不同于市面上常见的NAD+补充剂。后者可能使体内NAD+水平异常升高，反而增加 癌症风险；而P7C3-A20是一种精准调控药物，能帮助细胞在压力下维持NAD+平衡，避免其水平失 控。 这一发现不仅为阿尔茨海默病的治疗开辟了新方向——从"延缓衰退"转向"功能恢复"，也为后续人体试 验奠定了基础。 下一步， ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has showcased breakthroughs in precision breeding technology, particularly in the development of a new variety of fish that eliminates intermuscular bones, addressing consumer demands for convenience in fish consumption [1][2]. Group 1: Breakthroughs in Precision Breeding - The research teams have developed a new variety of fish, the "bone-free" silver crucian carp, which addresses the common issue of intermuscular bones in freshwater fish [2][3]. - The research identified the key regulatory gene runx2b responsible for the development of intermuscular bones in fish, leading to the creation of the world's first bone-free varieties of fish [3]. Group 2: Testing and Evaluation - The research team conducted extensive tests in various farming scenarios, including pond, cage, and indoor factory farming, confirming that the growth performance and flavor of bone-free fish are comparable to their normal counterparts under the same conditions [4]. - The team emphasizes the importance of ensuring that the genetic modifications do not adversely affect the growth characteristics or nutritional content of the fish [4]. Group 3: Future Prospects and Regulations - The application of molecular precision breeding technology in aquaculture is expected to enhance genetic improvements for economic traits, leading to increased production and income [5]. - Despite the promising research results, the commercial promotion of these new varieties will require rigorous experimental evaluations and the establishment of national regulations regarding genetically modified species [5].

科技日报讯 记者12月26日从国网山西省电力有限公司获悉，山西电力骨干传输网核心平面的通信设备 日前已完成自主可控改造。此次改造范围覆盖全省247座重要变电站与调度中心，标志着山西电力核心 通信网络完成关键升级。 此次改造核心是将原有非自主可控的进口设备，全面替换为国产华为设备，从根本上提升网络自主可控 能力。升级后，网络带宽提升16倍，传输速度和承载能力大幅增强，能更高效地传递电力调度指令、电 网运行状态等关键信息。同时，网络"安全冗余度"大幅提升。 "简单来说，就是通信通道形成了类似'环路'的保护结构。即便某一段通信通道出现问题，数据也能通 过其他路径传输，不会影响整体供电。"国网山西省电力有限公司有关负责人介绍，目前山西电力骨干 传输网全平面均具备"安全环路"保护机制，运行可靠性显著提高，从技术层面降低停电风险。 记者了解到，为保障改造期间电力供应，国网山西省电力有限公司信息通信分公司制定了周密方案。以 晋城为例，该公司试点创新了"区段环网"改造方式，把关键业务的过渡时间压缩到0.8天，全程未对居 民用电、企业生产造成影响。 国网山西省电力有限公司有关负责人介绍，此次改造不仅提升了电网通信的自主可控水平 ...

随后，团队在培养的乳腺癌细胞、小鼠肿瘤组织及健康组织样本中对该系统进行了检验，结果显示，肿 瘤样本中SERS信号高度集中，健康组织中则仅检测到极低背景信号，体现了系统的高灵敏度与可靠的 鉴别能力。此外，通过更换靶向分子，该方法也可拓展至其他癌症类型。 该系统专为捕捉表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）纳米粒子的微弱信号而设计。这些纳米粒子可特异性结合 肿瘤标志物，系统通过读取其拉曼信号，自动标示出可能含有肿瘤组织的区域。 新系统能快速区分癌细胞与健康细胞，灵敏度显著提升，可检测到强度仅为同类商用系统1/4的拉曼信 号。尽管它暂时无法取代病理学方法，但可作为快速筛查工具，加速诊断流程，实现肿瘤更早发现、减 少诊断延误。 该系统的灵敏度提升，源于将可调波长的扫描源激光器与超灵敏探测器——超导纳米线单光子探测器 （SNSPD）相结合。SNSPD使用能检测单光子的超导纳米线，可在低背景噪声下高速捕获极微弱光信 号。SERS纳米粒子表面涂覆透明质酸，能与肿瘤细胞表面蛋白结合。初步实验显示，系统灵敏度可达 飞秒级别。 美国密歇根州立大学科学家研发出一种新型拉曼成像系统，能通过检测附着于肿瘤的纳米粒子所发出的 极微弱信号，有效区分 ...

Core Insights - A recent study by American scientists reveals that energy supply imbalance in the brain is a significant factor in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a potential for reversing the disease process [1][2] - The research indicates that the drug P7C3-A20 can restore the balance of a key cellular energy molecule, NAD+, leading to the repair of damaged brain tissue and full recovery of memory and cognitive functions in late-stage mice [1][2] Group 1 - The study marks a shift in Alzheimer's research focus from prevention or slowing progression to functional recovery [2] - The research team utilized mouse models and human brain tissue to identify that Alzheimer's patients struggle to maintain normal levels of NAD+, which directly contributes to disease progression [1] - The results showed that after restoring energy balance, cognitive functions in mice were fully recovered, and biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's returned to normal levels [1] Group 2 - The therapy differs from common NAD+ supplements, which may increase cancer risk by excessively raising NAD+ levels; P7C3-A20 precisely regulates NAD+ balance under cellular stress [2] - This discovery opens new avenues for Alzheimer's treatment and lays the groundwork for future human trials [2] - The research team plans to further explore the mechanisms of brain energy balance and assess the therapy's applicability to other age-related neurodegenerative diseases [2]

合肥12月28日电 28日，记者从中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所（以下简称"合肥物 质院等离子体所"）获悉，由该所牵头承担的国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）计划校正场线圈采购包，顺 利完成全部制造工程，最后4个校正场线圈竣工并正式交付，这标志着该采购包的制造任务全面收官。 据悉，ITER是目前全球规模最大、最复杂的托卡马克装置。ITER计划校正场线圈共有3组18个线圈，分 别均匀分布于ITER装置主机的顶部、中部、底部3个区域，是ITER装置主机最重要的磁体系统之一。校 正场线圈能否成功研制并如期完成安装，直接影响ITER装置等离子体运行参数。 合肥物质院等离子体所研究员卫靖介绍，ITER校正场线圈采购包由中国100%自主研发制造，项目团队 历时15年攻关完成交付。团队完成了大型非圆截面无张力超导磁体绕制生产线的100%自主开发，首创 三维曲面高精度绕制成型技术；发明的断续控温手工焊技术，核心指标较ITER标准提升3倍，该采购包 也成为ITER计划首个完成氦管焊接认证的采购包。团队还联合国内企业研发出ITER级316LN奥氏体不 锈钢挤压型材，突破材料国产化瓶颈，填补行业空白，并构建起涵盖标准、 ...

Group 1 - The first six-valent rotavirus vaccine in China, covering six serotypes, completed its first dose administration in Wuhan on December 26 [1] - Rotavirus is a significant pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children, posing a continuous health challenge for children under five in China [1] - The World Health Organization identifies vaccination as the most economical and effective public health intervention to reduce the burden of rotavirus-related diseases, recommending it as a key vaccine for national immunization programs [1] Group 2 - The newly developed vaccine by China National Pharmaceutical Group's Wuhan Institute of Biological Products addresses both traditional and emerging rotavirus serotypes, reflecting recent monitoring trends [1] - Approved for market on September 12, the vaccine is classified as a Category 1 new drug for preventive biological products in China and is administered orally to infants aged 6 weeks to 36 weeks [1] - The nationwide vaccination campaign will be gradually initiated, with efforts to enhance vaccination service management, monitoring, and public health education [1][2]

Core Insights - Quantum technology is emerging as a pivotal force in the global tech landscape, with significant advancements made in 2025, including breakthroughs in quantum computing and communication [1][2][3] - The potential of quantum mechanics is vast, challenging traditional logic and offering revolutionary solutions to complex problems across various fields [2][3] Group 1: Quantum Technology Advancements - The "Zuchongzhi No. 3" developed by the University of Science and Technology of China set a world record for the superiority of superconducting quantum computing systems [1] - Google's "Quantum Echo" experiment achieved speeds 13,000 times faster than classical supercomputers for specific tasks, influencing global quantum computing research [1] Group 2: Integration of Quantum Mechanics in Daily Life - Quantum mechanics underpins essential technologies such as semiconductors in smartphones and magnetic resonance imaging in hospitals, indicating its deep integration into everyday life [2] - The maturation of quantum computing, communication, and sensing is expected to revolutionize information processing and world transformation [2] Group 3: National Strategies and Investments - Multiple countries have elevated quantum research to a national strategic level, with the U.S. enacting the National Quantum Initiative Act and investing heavily in quantum research [3] - The European Union has launched a significant ten-year "Quantum Flagship Program," while other nations like Canada, Japan, South Korea, and Australia have developed their own quantum technology blueprints [3] Group 4: Future Implications of Quantum Technology - Quantum technology is seen as a key to addressing global challenges such as energy crises and information security, fostering international collaboration [3]

Core Insights - The Tarim Oilfield of China Petroleum has achieved a significant milestone by surpassing 2 billion kilowatt-hours in annual photovoltaic power generation, with a single-day peak output exceeding 10 million kilowatt-hours, marking the highest records for both annual and daily generation [1] Group 1: Photovoltaic Power Generation Achievements - The Tarim Oilfield has successfully established a new model for the coordinated development of oil, gas, and renewable energy [1] - The cumulative installed capacity of centralized photovoltaic projects has reached 2.6 million kilowatts, with 239 distributed photovoltaic projects totaling 63,000 kilowatts [1] - The photovoltaic power generation volume has shown a significant increase, achieving 260 million kilowatt-hours in 2023 and projected to exceed 1.34 billion kilowatt-hours in 2024 [1] Group 2: Energy Supply and Distribution - Approximately 8% of the generated electricity is used for the oilfield's own oil and gas production, replacing traditional energy sources like grid electricity and natural gas, while 92% is supplied externally [2] - The Tarim Oilfield has established long-term bilateral agreements for green electricity supply with regions such as Shanghai and Jiangsu, contributing to the "Xinjiang Electricity Export" initiative [2] Group 3: Technological Innovations and Future Plans - The oilfield has implemented an innovative "drone inspection + robot cleaning" smart operation and maintenance model to address challenges posed by frequent dust storms and temperature fluctuations [2] - Future projects will include the construction of additional photovoltaic power generation facilities in areas like Luntai County and Shaya County, as well as advancements in pumped storage, new energy storage, and hydrogen applications [2]

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that the Aviation Industry Corporation of China announced the delivery of the 11,000th SR series aircraft by its subsidiary, Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Group [1] - The delivered aircraft is the new seventh generation plus (G7+) model of the SR series, which integrates the Safe Return emergency automatic landing system [2] - The Safe Return system allows anyone in the cabin, including passengers, to initiate an emergency landing by simply pressing a button, significantly enhancing flight safety [2]