Core Insights - The article highlights the recognition of significant scientific figures in 2025, including Liang Wenfeng, founder of DeepSeek, and Du Mengran, a geologist at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who were named in Nature's annual list of top ten personalities [7]. Group 1: Key Figures and Contributions - Liang Wenfeng's DeepSeek, launched in January, has made a remarkable impact in the AI field, demonstrating performance comparable to leading models while requiring only a fraction of the resources [7]. - DeepSeek's "open weights" approach allows for free download and expansion, benefiting researchers significantly [7]. - Du Mengran and her team explored an ecosystem over 9,000 meters below the sea surface, revealing unique biological discoveries [7]. Group 2: Other Notable Scientists - Tony Tyson from the University of California, Davis, contributed to the development of a digital camera technology for the Rubin Observatory, which aims to enhance the observation of distant galaxies [8]. - Ifat Melber from the Weizmann Institute of Science revealed a new dimension of the human immune system through her research on proteasomes [8]. Group 3: Biomedical Advances - Sarah Tabrizi from University College London proposed a therapy that slows the progression of Huntington's disease, a significant breakthrough after decades of research [9]. - A new gene-editing therapy has reportedly cured a rare disease in a child, showcasing advancements in rare disease treatment [9]. Group 4: Research Integrity and Public Health Initiatives - Achal Agrawal's work in India has highlighted issues of research integrity, leading to significant policy reforms in higher education rankings [9]. - Luciano Moreira established the first mosquito factory in Brazil to breed mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia bacteria, aiming to control the spread of dengue fever [9]. - Precius Masoso from the University of Cape Town facilitated the first global pandemic prevention agreement after extensive negotiations [9].

日前，第19届世界水资源大会在摩洛哥古城马拉喀什举行，会议以"变化世界中的水：创新与适应"为主题。作为国际水资源领域参会规模顶尖、全球影 响力深远、专业水平具有引领性的学术会议，大会吸引来自80多个国家和地区的2000多名全球专家齐聚，呼吁携手应对全球气候变化特别是极端天气事件增 多给水安全带来的严峻挑战。 治水之思：中国治水思路昭示世界意义 初冬的马拉喀什，暖阳高照。中国水利部部长李国英在开幕式上致辞中说，中国的基本水情一直是夏汛冬枯、北缺南丰，水资源时空分布极不均 衡。"节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力"的治水思路，指引中国治水取得了历史性成就、发生了历史性变革。坚持节水优先，就是要从观念、意 识、措施等各方面把节水放在优先位置。坚持空间均衡，就是要树立人口经济与资源环境相均衡的原则，以水定城、以水定地、以水定人、以水定产，有力 有效平衡区域水资源和生产力布局需求。坚持系统治理，就是要深化流域统一治理管理，成功战胜严重水旱灾害，复苏河湖生态环境。坚持两手发力，就是 要充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用。 世界水理事会主席福勋指出，中国的治水经验正吸引着许多国家的密切关注与借鉴。中 ...

记者10日从中国科学院理化技术研究所获悉，研究团队在超高温工业热泵技术上取得系列重要进展，成 功研制出国际首台泵热温度超过200℃的双作用自由活塞型热声斯特林超高温热泵原型样机，为造纸、 印染、陶瓷、冶金等大量耗热工业领域提供了一种潜在的绿色高效供热新路径。相关成果已发表于《自 然·能源》《应用物理快报》等国际权威期刊。 这些突破表明，热声斯特林技术有望发展成为新一代超高温热泵的核心，助力工业领域替代化石燃料供 热，减少碳排放。研究团队还对超高温热泵未来的关键材料与技术发展方向进行了展望。 （文章来源：科技日报） 工业供热消耗了我国约40%的热能，其温度需求从100℃至1000℃以上不等。实现这些中高温热能的低 碳供应，是达成"双碳"目标的关键挑战之一。传统蒸汽压缩热泵难以突破200℃温区，且面临环保工质 短缺问题；二氧化碳热泵则受制于高压和能效瓶颈。 中国科学院理化所罗二仓研究员团队长期致力于采用氦、氩等天然环保工质的热声斯特林技术研究。该 技术具备工质安全、温区宽广、效率潜力高等优势。团队近期取得双重突破： 一方面，他们创新提出"反相运行"的声场调控机制，成功研制出国际上首台泵热温度超过200℃的双作 用 ...

Core Insights - The news highlights the efforts of Xixian New Area in Shaanxi Province to implement low-carbon energy solutions and promote sustainable practices across various sectors, including energy supply, agriculture, construction, and industry. Group 1: Energy Supply Innovations - The comprehensive energy supply project in Xixian New Area utilizes a "geothermal + gas" complementary system, achieving a heat output of 4.2 times the electricity consumed, resulting in an annual reduction of approximately 602 tons of CO2 emissions [1] - The area has established multiple integrated charging stations and all 21 centralized heating companies use clean energy for heating, with deep geothermal heating covering 15.8 million square meters [1] Group 2: Agricultural and Building Integration - The "photovoltaic + agriculture" project in Taiping Town generates 210 million kWh annually while reducing CO2 emissions by 168,000 tons, demonstrating a dual-use model that benefits local farmers [2] - A research building at Xi'an Jiaotong University achieves energy self-sufficiency by utilizing 23% of its facade for green electricity, integrating technologies like photovoltaics and IoT [2] Group 3: Industrial Decarbonization - Xixian New Area is attracting green projects and technological innovations, with over 80 hydrogen energy companies established, representing more than half of Shaanxi's hydrogen enterprises [3] - The RCBHR system developed by Xi'an Shengshi Youlian Energy Conservation Technology Co., Ltd. recovers approximately 67,200 tons of steam annually, generating 10 million kWh and reducing CO2 emissions by 20,000 tons [3] Group 4: Digital Transformation in Manufacturing - The digital green factory by Green Energy Hui Charging Technology Co., Ltd. extends decarbonization efforts across the entire supply chain, promoting green transformation among nearly 100 regional enterprises [4] - The company exports products to over 70 countries and has created more than 100 green jobs in Xixian New Area, engaging over 5,000 participants in low-carbon activities [4]

"这个区域有污水了，请马上处置。"12月9日上午9时许，河南省漯河市郾城区建材市场商户后院污水漫 溢，无人机巡航实时捕捉到这个隐患，市域基层高效能治理平台即刻启动，十几分钟后，抽污车便抵达 现场。 这背后正是数治促"善治"的生动实践——漯河市以科技为关键支撑，打破数据壁垒构建统一数据"资源 池"，实现"市域一张网"全覆盖，通过无人机巡航等技术赋能，让公共安全治理效能得到显著提升。 治理平台覆盖基层一线 走进漯河市市域基层高效能治理指挥中心，巨屏上各类数据实时滚动，不同颜色标识清晰呈现诉求流转 状态，治理态势"一键感知"、任务"一键直达"、应急"一键调度"的场景映入记者眼帘。 针对不同群体需求，漯河市市域基层高效能治理平台开发出"漯小智"工作端App、群众端小程序等多端 应用，涵盖智能发现、指挥调度、效能管控等十大核心模块，形成"发现—上报—办理—反馈—评价"的 闭环机制。 在临颍县皇帝庙乡石佛陈村地头，当地农技部门工作人员利用无人机沿预设线路飞行，机身搭载的设备 实时扫描农田，镜头跟随无人机视角，掠过不同地块，标记出干旱区域。 不一会儿，地面智能灌溉设备启动，水流精准流向旱情地块。"无人机比人工巡查效率高多了 ...

美国纽约州立大学石溪分校教授劳伦·里士满说："AI本身不一定让我们变笨，只是我们与它互动的 方式可能很笨。"那么，人类在使用生成式人工智能（AI）时犯了哪些错？又该如何改变习惯，让技术 真正为人所用？ 17世纪法国哲学家、数学家布莱兹·帕斯卡尔曾言："人是一根会思考的芦苇。"人的全部尊严，便 在于思想。然而，当ChatGPT能一秒钟生成一篇论文，当Claude能瞬间梳理出复杂的逻辑脉络，一个疑 问开始出现：这根"会思考的芦苇"是否正在枯萎？人类是否正为了便利，主动交出自己的思考权？ 减轻思维负担带来恶性循环 据英国《新科学家》网站报道，生成式AI正深度融入人们生活，并让人延续了"认知卸载"的传统， 即利用工具减轻思维负担。就像人们不是用脑子记住要买什么，而是写一份购物清单一样。但相比苏格 拉底当年对写清单的担忧，AI带来的挑战远甚于此。 里士满与其同事今年3月在《自然》杂志发表论文指出，认知卸载会对认知造成负面影响。过度依 赖AI不仅让学习过程变得被动和肤浅，更会导致恶性循环。人们卸载得越多，独立思考的能力就越 弱，进而更加依赖工具。 英国苏塞克斯大学哲学家安迪·克拉克对此持辩证态度。他提出的"延伸心灵"理论 ...

Group 1 - The establishment of the Fusion Engineering College at Hefei University of Technology marks the first fusion engineering college in Chinese higher education [1] - The college aims to support national energy security strategies and promote the development of the fusion energy industry, while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative talent cultivation [1] - A professional faculty team has been formed, with support from institutions such as the Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center and the Chinese Academy of Sciences [1] Group 2 - The compact fusion energy experimental device (BEST) research plan was globally announced on November 24, with the device expected to be completed by the end of 2027 [1] - The research will focus on deuterium-tritium combustion plasma experiments, aiming for fusion power output between 20 megawatts and 200 megawatts, with a goal to demonstrate fusion energy generation by 2030 [1]

Core Insights - The successful operation of China's first intelligent autonomous control system for gas turbine power generation marks a significant advancement in the country's thermal power generation technology, transitioning from traditional manual monitoring to intelligent autonomous operation [1] - The project, implemented by Huaneng East China Company, showcases the integration of AI large models with power production mechanism models, enabling automatic data collection and precise equipment status assessment [1] Group 1: Technological Advancements - The system allows for the entire process of gas turbine operation, including startup, grid connection, load adjustment, and shutdown, to be controlled autonomously without human intervention [1] - During trial operation, the unit successfully completed both cold and hot state startup and shutdown tests, achieving a key operational parameter compliance rate of 100% [1] Group 2: Industry Implications - This development is expected to accelerate the digital and intelligent transformation of the traditional energy industry in China [1] - The intelligent control system provides a new smart solution for the construction of China's new power system, enhancing operational efficiency and reducing risks associated with manual operations [1]

近日，青海电力交易中心与北京电力交易中心、吉林电力交易中心"三网"联动，共同达成跨省跨区中长 期外送电力交易，累计交易电量1876万千瓦时。 青海冬季日落时间较晚，每日16时至17时光照资源依然充沛，光伏发电出力保持高位。而东北地区日落 较早，此时正值用电晚高峰。此次交易正是利用天然的时空互补特性，借助全国互联电网，成功将西北 的"阳光资源"精准衔接东北的夜间电力供应。这是全国统一电力市场高质量发展的有益实践，进一步扩 大了青海新能源在全国范围的优化配置，青海电力中长期外送范围扩展至22个省（区、市）。 ...

该疫苗靶向一种名为免疫球蛋白E（IgE）的抗体。正常情况下，IgE随血液流动，会与体内免疫细胞结 合，在遭遇病毒、寄生虫等威胁时触发免疫应答，释放组胺，引发咳嗽、喘息或荨麻疹等症状。在过敏 人群中，IgE会对花生、猫毛屑等原本无害的蛋白过度反应，甚至可能诱发致命的全身性过敏反应，导 致喉头水肿、呼吸衰竭甚至休克。 新疫苗能够促使机体生成可与IgE结合的抗体，从而阻止IgE与免疫细胞受体结合。这一机制显著降低了 接触过敏原后可能启动过敏反应的游离IgE水平。 法国图卢兹感染与炎症研究所科学家在新一期《科学·转化医学》杂志发表论文称，他们研发出一种新 的实验性疫苗，名为"IgE-K"，能使小鼠在长达一年时间内免于严重过敏反应。这一最新进展显示，疫 苗接种在预防过敏领域具有广阔前景。 该研究证实了疫苗可激发抗IgE抗体的产生。新疫苗的作用机制与已获批准的抗过敏单抗药物奥马珠单 抗类似，但后者需每两周注射一次以维持效果，而新疫苗有望提供更持久的保护。 不过团队也提醒，仍需进一步验证该疫苗是否会在人体内引发意外过敏反应，以及IgE长期降低是否会 削弱机体对抗寄生虫感染的能力。 （文章来源：科技日报） 在动物实验中，团队 ...