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学历贬值又如何,民办大学赚疯了
36氪· 2025-08-20 13:51
以下文章来源于读懂财经 ,作者读懂君 读懂财经 . 国内领先的研究型商业服务机构——以价值视角,驱动商业决策。 学历贬值遇到学费通胀。 文 | 杨扬 编辑 | 夏益军 来源| 读懂财经(ID:dudongcj) 封面来源 | unsplash 学历贬值等来的不是学费降级,而是学费通胀。 在新一届大学新生即将步入校园之际,大学学费先来给新生来了个下马威。今年大学学费普涨后,或将迈入"万元时代"。 尤其是民办大学部分专业年学费已突破4万元,足以掏空一个二、三线普通家庭的全年工资。 学费飙涨,民办大学赚的盆满钵满。 中教控股2025年上半年财年净利率30%,宇华教育2024年净利率32%。这个利润率,堪比全球顶奢品牌爱马仕。 1998年,亚洲金融危机过境,为缓解就业压力,更为社会培养高素质人才,决策层将目光投向高等教育事业,轰轰烈烈的扩招大幕就此拉开。 三年扩五倍的直接结果是捉襟见肘的校舍和师资跟不上陡增的应届生人数,公立高校普遍面临没钱扩张的问题。 民办大学的暴利要从这门生意的本质说起:民办大学的生意类似升级版的连锁零售,逻辑是"扩招+高价+低成本"。 其中,高价、扩招类似传统零售的量价齐升,成本则是民办大学生意 ...
学历通胀的时代:大专开局,如何翻身
Hu Xiu· 2025-08-03 12:48
说来颇具讽刺,学历贬值这件事,几乎会"平等"地发生在经济繁荣期和衰退期。经济上行时,遍地是黄 金,纵然没有好的学历,也一样能够凭借机遇和胆识积累到财富;而当经济下行时,即便手握名校文 凭,也未必能够逃出就业寒冬的围困。 最近几年,"学历贬值"和"就业难"成了悬在无数年轻人头顶上挥之不去的阴霾。据教育部统计,2025年 全国高校毕业生达到1222万的历史峰值,相比2016 年增长超过六成。而2024年同期,国家统计局公布 了16~24岁青年城镇调查的失业率一度超过21%。数字的背后,是就业竞争愈发残酷的现实。 于是我们看见,清北毕业生应聘街道办、硕士研究生竞争高校宿管、考公考编也变成了漫长的拉锯战 ——一考就是两三年。这些曾经被视为"大材小用"的选择,如今却成了多数人眼中"理想的归宿"。 当"读书改变命运"的叙事日益失灵,社会也不得不重新审视:在一个学历不再能自动兑换为出路的时 代,普通人,尤其是那些出身普通、学历也不占优势的年轻人,又该如何在现实的夹缝中寻找到新的出 路。 日剧《半泽直树》里有这样一句经典台词让人记忆犹新: 在银行,人事就是一切。 而在今天的现实职场里,去离"钱"最近的岗位,或许才是普通人为数 ...
新信号出现,大学学费“集体涨价”
3 6 Ke· 2025-07-28 00:14
Core Viewpoint - The rising tuition fees in Chinese universities are becoming a significant burden for families, with increases ranging from 500 to 20,000 yuan per year by 2025, despite the devaluation of degrees in the job market [1][2][3]. Tuition Fee Changes - Numerous universities are increasing their tuition fees for 2025, with notable increases at institutions like Beijing Jiaotong University (20,000 yuan increase), Shanghai Visual Arts College (18,000 yuan increase), and Hebei University (15,000 yuan increase) [2]. - Private universities tend to have higher tuition fee increases compared to public universities, with some public universities showing more modest increases [3]. Historical Context - The trend of rising tuition fees is not new; many universities had already raised fees in 2023, with increases of up to 54% for certain programs at East China University of Science and Technology [5][8]. - The government had previously implemented a tuition fee cap in 2006, but its effectiveness has been limited, leading to a gradual increase in fees since 2014 due to rising operational costs [10][11]. Financial Implications for Families - The increase in tuition fees is causing financial strain on families, with data indicating that a 1,000 yuan increase in fees correlates with a 1.2 percentage point drop in rural enrollment rates [5]. - The average disposable income for urban residents in 2024 is 49,302 yuan, while for rural residents it is 19,605 yuan, highlighting the financial burden of tuition fees on families [5][8]. Strategies for Families - Families are encouraged to apply for government assistance programs, utilize student loans, and seek scholarships to mitigate the impact of rising tuition fees [13][14]. - Choosing public universities and evaluating the job market for specific majors can help families make more informed decisions regarding education investments [14]. Employment Market Trends - The increasing number of university graduates is leading to a decline in the value of higher education in the job market, with the premium for college-educated workers dropping significantly over the decades [16][18]. - Skills are becoming more critical than degrees in the labor market, emphasizing the need for practical abilities that can create value and solve problems [22].
“本升专”,揭露了未来饭碗真相
3 6 Ke· 2025-07-20 23:46
Core Points - The phenomenon of "reverse升专" (本科生回炉专科) is emerging as a new trend, where undergraduate students are choosing to enroll in vocational colleges to enhance their skills and employability [1][5][8] - Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College has increased its enrollment of undergraduate students from 30 in 2022 to 135 by 2025, indicating a significant shift in market demand for skilled professionals [1][6] - The trend reflects a redefinition of vocational education, where it is no longer seen as the end of the educational chain but as a viable option for skill enhancement [5][9] Enrollment Trends - Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College is specifically targeting undergraduate students for three programs: Train Assembly Repair Technology, High-Speed Railway Comprehensive Maintenance Technology, and Railway Transportation Operation Management, all of which only accept undergraduates [2][3] - The college's enrollment numbers for undergraduates in these programs are set to increase significantly, showcasing the growing interest in vocational training among those with higher education backgrounds [1][6] Social Perception - The "reverse升专" trend has sparked discussions on social media, with comments reflecting concerns about the devaluation of undergraduate degrees and the changing perceptions of vocational education [4][11] - There is a growing recognition that practical skills and vocational training are becoming increasingly valuable in the job market, challenging the traditional view that white-collar jobs are superior to blue-collar roles [14][15] Employment Market Dynamics - The demand for skilled professionals is outpacing the supply, with a noted shortage of individuals who possess both practical skills and innovative capabilities [15][16] - The disconnect between university education and job market needs has led to structural employment issues, emphasizing the necessity for educational institutions to focus on problem-solving skills rather than merely producing graduates [17] Value of Education - The value of a degree is increasingly linked to its scarcity and relevance in the job market rather than the degree itself, indicating a shift towards a more skills-based evaluation of talent [19] - The trend of undergraduates opting for vocational training highlights a broader societal change towards valuing practical skills and adaptability in the workforce [21]
“万元”学费时代,要来了吗?
3 6 Ke· 2025-07-16 13:11
Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that tuition fees in Chinese universities are entering a new round of increases, with many public and private institutions raising fees significantly, indicating a trend towards a "ten-thousand yuan era" for tuition [3][17][23] - Public universities have seen tuition increases ranging from 500 to 2000 yuan, while some private institutions have raised fees by as much as 10,000 yuan for specific programs [2][10] - The average tuition increase across various disciplines is approximately 10.5%, with notable increases in humanities and social sciences programs [6][5] Group 2 - Specific examples of tuition hikes include Yunnan Normal University, where fees for humanities programs rose from 3,400 yuan to 4,200 yuan, a 23.5% increase [4][5] - Xinjiang University has increased its design program fees from 6,000 yuan to 7,800 yuan, marking a 30% rise [9] - The trend is not isolated to a few institutions; many universities across China are adjusting their tuition fees, reflecting a broader systemic change in higher education financing [8][17] Group 3 - The rising tuition fees are attributed to increased operational costs and a tightening fiscal environment, making tuition revenue a crucial support for universities [3][21][27] - The introduction of a floating mechanism linked to program quality for tuition fees suggests that universities may further adjust fees based on the perceived value of their programs [6][4] - The financial pressures on universities are leading to a restructuring of academic programs, with many institutions facing challenges in student recruitment and funding [28][29]
看到那个跑外卖的北师大硕士,我终于知道考研人数为什么又降了
洞见· 2025-07-14 10:55
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the diminishing value of high academic degrees in the job market, suggesting that practical skills and continuous learning are becoming more crucial for career success [12][44][72]. Group 1: Educational Trends - The number of candidates for graduate school entrance exams has significantly decreased, with a drop of 360,000 last year and an additional 500,000 this year, totaling only 3.88 million, the lowest in a decade [11]. - The experiences of individuals like "Old Fan" illustrate that high academic qualifications do not guarantee good job prospects, leading to a decline in the desire to pursue further education [12][11]. Group 2: Skills vs. Degrees - The article highlights that many graduates, despite holding prestigious degrees, lack practical skills and competencies, which are essential in the workplace [21][32]. - The story of a 985 master's graduate who struggled to find a job despite numerous applications underscores the gap between academic success and employability [13][15]. Group 3: Real-World Examples - The success of individuals like AI expert Luo Fuli, who secured top job offers due to her strong learning ability and practical experience, contrasts with those who rely solely on their degrees [35][44]. - The contrasting careers of Huang Tao, who became complacent due to his high degree, and Bai Jiangming, who worked hard to improve his skills, illustrate the importance of continuous self-improvement [56][61]. Group 4: Lifelong Learning - The article advocates for a shift from traditional educational paths to a focus on developing practical skills and lifelong learning to adapt to changing job markets [72][75]. - It stresses that the future workforce will be defined by individuals who can continuously learn and adapt, rather than those who merely hold degrees [72][78].
中国中产的坑,美国二十年前已经踩过一遍了(三)
Hu Xiu· 2025-07-12 14:00
Group 1 - The core argument is that dual-income middle-class families in the U.S. are more vulnerable to economic hardships compared to single-income families due to increased exposure to unemployment risks [1][2][6][7] - The probability of at least one person in a dual-income household facing unemployment has risen to 6.3% in the 2000s, compared to 2.5% for single-income families in the 1970s [6] - The changing employment landscape has led to a 28% increase in the likelihood of involuntary unemployment for workers, particularly affecting younger parents [4][6] Group 2 - The burden of caring for family members has intensified for middle-class families, with a significant increase in the number of elderly requiring care and a decrease in birth rates [8][9][10] - Approximately 12 million families annually must take on the responsibility of caring for sick relatives, often leading to financial strain [14] - Dual-income families face nearly double the bankruptcy risk compared to single-income families when losing jobs due to caregiving responsibilities [15] Group 3 - The rise of women in the workforce has not stabilized marriages; in fact, the divorce rate for working women has increased by 40% compared to full-time mothers since the 1990s [16][18] - Single mothers, despite being more educated and earning higher incomes, face significant financial challenges post-divorce, with bankruptcy rates for middle-class single mothers being 60% higher than for low-income women [21][22] Group 4 - Middle-class families are exposed to multiple risks, including unemployment, health issues, and divorce, which can lead to a cascade of financial difficulties [22][23] - Nearly half of bankrupt families have experienced at least two of these issues simultaneously, highlighting the precarious nature of middle-class stability [22] Group 5 - The influx of cheap credit since the 1970s has exacerbated financial difficulties for middle-class families, with credit card debt skyrocketing from under $10 billion in 1968 to over $600 billion by 2000 [28][29] - Families often resort to credit to maintain their standard of living, rather than for luxury purchases, indicating a struggle to cover essential expenses [29][30] Group 6 - The role of lenders has shifted, with financial institutions increasingly targeting borrowers in distress, leading to higher interest rates and fees for those unable to pay on time [31][36] - The financial system has evolved to profit from borrowers in trouble, rather than providing support to help them recover [32][36] Group 7 - Future trends indicate increased job instability due to AI advancements, rising educational costs, and escalating healthcare expenses, all of which will further strain middle-class finances [38][40] - The financial impact of divorce remains significant, often revealing underlying vulnerabilities in family finances [41]
当海外名校硕士成为“新本科”:你还需要这张文凭吗?
虎嗅APP· 2025-07-10 10:32
Core Viewpoint - The value of master's degrees is declining, with many questioning the worth of pursuing a master's, especially "water master's" programs that are easy to enter and graduate from [2][3]. Group 1: The Devaluation of Degrees - Master's education is experiencing "commodification" and "inflation," with institutions expanding enrollment and lowering admission standards, leading to a perception of many programs as "water master's" [5][6]. - In the job market, a master's degree is no longer a standout feature but merely a standard requirement, with employers increasingly valuing practical experience and skills over academic credentials [6][10]. - By 2025, the number of college graduates in China is expected to reach a record 12.22 million, with lower employment rates for master's graduates compared to associate degree holders [6][10]. Group 2: The Reality of "Water Master's" - Many master's programs emphasize theory over practical skills, leading to a disconnect between what is taught and what is needed in the workplace [9][10]. - Employers are wary of "high degree, low ability" graduates, with many preferring candidates with more substantial practical experience [9][10]. - Some companies explicitly state they do not hire one-year overseas master's graduates, viewing them as less qualified compared to those with longer study durations [10][11]. Group 3: Opportunity Costs of Pursuing a Master's - The direct costs of pursuing a master's degree abroad can range from 700,000 to 1,500,000 RMB, including tuition and living expenses, often requiring significant family support or loans [14][15]. - Time costs are significant, as students delay entering the workforce, potentially falling behind peers who gain work experience during that time [14][15]. - Psychological factors, such as "sunk cost" and identity issues, can lead students to persist in pursuing degrees that may not yield the expected returns [15][16]. Group 4: Questions to Consider Before Pursuing a Master's - Prospective students should evaluate whether the master's program offers unique value, if the industry requires a master's degree, if the curriculum aligns with industry needs, and if they are prepared for the associated costs and risks [21][22]. Group 5: The Importance of Skills Over Degrees - The focus should shift from merely obtaining a degree to enhancing skills and capabilities, as not all degrees lead to significant career advancements [23][24]. - Even prestigious programs may suffer from outdated content and lack of practical training, leading to dissatisfaction among graduates [24][25]. - The true value of a degree lies in its alignment with personal goals and the ability to leverage the experience for career growth [25][26].
服务员要本科?学历大贬值,上学还真的有用吗?
3 6 Ke· 2025-07-07 12:16
Group 1 - The article discusses the phenomenon of educational inflation in China, highlighting how job requirements have escalated to demand higher educational qualifications even for low-skilled positions [1][2][4] - It notes that the number of college graduates has dramatically increased from 450,000 in 1982 to 12.22 million in 2023, a 27-fold increase, while job opportunities have not kept pace [4][10] - The article emphasizes that this educational inflation is not limited to white-collar jobs but has also permeated blue-collar positions, with many employers now requiring higher degrees for roles traditionally filled by lower-educated workers [6][10] Group 2 - The article identifies three main reasons for educational inflation: the rapid expansion of higher education outpacing job growth, economic transitions leading to a demand for higher qualifications, and companies using educational requirements as a shortcut in the hiring process [10][12][13] - It provides historical context, comparing China's situation to that of the United States and Japan, where similar trends occurred during economic shifts [12][13] - The article highlights the psychological impact of educational inflation, where the belief that higher education guarantees better job prospects is increasingly challenged, leading to disillusionment among graduates [14][16] Group 3 - The article suggests that educational inflation does not equate to the uselessness of degrees but rather indicates a shift in how educational qualifications are valued, emphasizing the need for skills alongside degrees [19][20] - It offers practical advice for students and job seekers, recommending the selection of niche majors, the conversion of educational advantages into skill advantages, and the exploration of flexible employment opportunities [19][21][24] - The conclusion stresses that while the value of degrees may have diminished, the potential for individuals to leverage their skills and education remains significant, allowing for diverse career paths [25][26]
不出5年,中国贬值最快的不是现金,而是这4样东西
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-07-07 05:06
Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that cash is not the fastest depreciating asset in China; instead, it is expected to be real estate, fuel vehicles, university degrees, and electronic products [1][2][4][6][8][10] - The average national housing price has decreased by over 30% from its peak, with ongoing declines expected, particularly in major cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen [4] - The automotive industry is experiencing a significant depreciation in fuel vehicles, with reports of a nearly 10 million yuan drop in value within a year for certain models [6] Group 2 - The value of university degrees is declining, with many graduates struggling to find jobs, leading to a situation where practical experience is prioritized over academic qualifications [8] - Electronic products are depreciating rapidly due to the frequent introduction of new models and reduced consumer spending, resulting in a decline in market demand [10]