被特朗普之前雷声大雨点小的关税令暴击才过去三个月，曾被称为"现代史上最赚钱大宗商品交易之 一"的铜套利交易就卷土重来了。新近消息显示，交易商再次押注特朗普政府明年将对铜征收高关税。 交易商们之所以愿意支付如此高昂的溢价，是因为他们可以在美国市场以更高价格转售这些货物。 传出上述周五的媒体消息后，Mercuria和Trafigura的代表拒绝置评，Vitol发言人未回复置评请求。 三个月前 "史上最赚钱"交易一日崩塌 据美东时间11月7日周五的媒体报道，近几周，包括Mercuria Energy Group、维多（Vitol Group）和托克 （Trafigura Group）在内，多家贸易巨头近期与智利生产商接洽，以求锁定2026年向美国供应铜的年度 协议，部分交易商的支付价较伦敦金属交易所（LME）的基准铜价高每吨500美元以上。这些贸易商的 出价约为中国制造商现货采购价的10倍。 纽约Comex期铜价格已再次大幅高于LME的伦铜期货价。这反映了投资者对特朗普政府明年可能重启商 品级铜关税计划的预期，意味着今年震动全球铜市的大规模押注铜关税交易可能明年继续搅动市场。 关税阴影仍在 交易商豪赌关税重启 今年 ...

Group 1 - Hong Kong copper stocks experienced a collective rebound, with China Daye Nonferrous Metals leading the rise at approximately 9%, followed by Jiangxi Copper at 3%, and China Gold International and China Nonferrous Mining both up by 1.3% [1] - Mining giant Glencore is reportedly planning to close its Horne smelter and associated copper refinery in Quebec, Canada, due to environmental issues and the substantial capital required for upgrades [1] - The Horne smelter has an estimated annual production capacity of over 300,000 tons, accounting for about 17% of copper imports to the United States, indicating a significant impact on the North American copper supply chain [1] Group 2 - Earlier this year, traders moved large quantities of copper into the U.S. market in anticipation of potential tariffs on copper, which led to a surge in copper prices on the New York Mercantile Exchange (Comex) [1] - In August, former President Trump decided against imposing tariffs on bulk copper, instead targeting value-added copper products, while still leaving the possibility of tariffs on raw copper starting in 2027 [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is that copper stocks in Hong Kong have collectively rebounded, led by China Daye Nonferrous Metals with a rise of approximately 9% [1] - Glencore is planning to close its Horne smelter and associated copper refinery in Quebec, Canada, due to environmental issues and the need for significant capital investment for upgrades [1] - The Horne smelter has an estimated annual production capacity of over 300,000 tons, accounting for about 17% of copper imports to the United States, indicating a potential disruption in the North American copper supply chain [1] Group 2 - Earlier this year, traders moved large quantities of copper into the U.S. market in anticipation of potential tariffs on copper, leading to a surge in copper prices on the COMEX [1] - In August, former President Trump decided not to impose tariffs on bulk copper but targeted tariffs on processed copper products, while leaving the possibility of tariffs on raw copper starting in 2027 [1] Group 3 - The stock performance of key companies includes: - China Daye Nonferrous Metals: latest price 0.098, up 8.89% - Jiangxi Copper: latest price 30.740, up 2.95% - China Gold International: latest price 125.400, up 1.37% - China Nonferrous Mining: latest price 13.390, up 1.36% [2]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No specific industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - **Macro Aspect**: In Q3, the market expected a 50bp Fed rate cut, and the US dollar index declined. After the rate cut, the copper price on the Shanghai Futures Exchange dropped. The 232 - investigation copper tariff took effect on August 1st, ending the US copper siphon effect. In China, anti - involution measures boosted the commodity market, and a series of policies accelerated the capacity clearance in the upstream industrial sector [6]. - **Supply Aspect**: Since February 2025, the copper smelter processing fees TC/RC have been negative and weakening. According to Mysteel, the planned production in September was 1.1476 million tons, and the expected production in October is 1.1235 million tons, a new low since April. 10 smelters will be affected by maintenance in September and October, and the shortage of scrap copper supply will also lead to significant production cuts [6]. - **Demand Aspect**: Entering the peak season of "Golden September and Silver October", the downstream copper product production has improved, and copper demand remains resilient. However, due to high prices, the downstream's willingness to purchase has weakened, and the Shanghai copper inventory has accumulated. It is expected that the inventory will first decrease and then increase in Q4 [6]. - **Investment Strategy**: The Fed rate cut and China's incremental policies boost the copper market sentiment. The supply is tight, while the demand from power grids, new energy, etc. provides rigid support. It is expected that the copper price will rise in fluctuations in Q4, but attention should be paid to the resumption of production of mines and the Fed rate - cut process [6]. 3. Summary by Directory Macro Economic Environment - **Domestic Economic Data**: In August, the manufacturing PMI was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from July. The non - manufacturing business activity index was 50.3%, up 0.2 percentage points. The CPI in August decreased by 0.4% year - on - year, and the PPI decreased by 2.1% year - on - year, with the decline narrowing [12][13]. - **Stable Growth Work Plan**: From 2025 - 2026, the non - ferrous metal industry aims for an average annual growth of about 5% in added value and 1.5% in the output of ten non - ferrous metals. It involves resource exploration, product innovation, project construction, consumption upgrade, and stabilizing foreign trade [16]. - **Fed Rate Cut**: On September 18th, the Fed cut interest rates by 25bp to 4.00% - 4.25%, the first cut in 2025. It is expected that there may be another 50bp of rate cuts this year [20]. Tariff Policy - The US imposed a 50% tariff on imported copper semi - products and derivatives with high copper content starting from August 1st, which affected the global copper market and inventory distribution [22]. Supply - **Global Supply**: From January - July 2025, global copper mine production increased by about 3.4%, and refined copper production increased by about 3.9%. There was an apparent surplus of about 101,000 tons in the first half of 2025 [27]. - **Overseas Supply**: In July, Peru's copper production decreased by 2% year - on - year, and Chile's increased by 0.3%. The mudslide at Indonesia's Grasberg copper mine and the tunnel collapse at Chile's Codelco will reduce copper production [32]. - **Copper Concentrate Supply**: In August 2025, China's copper concentrate imports were 2.7593 million tons. Although the cumulative imports from January - August increased by 8.07% year - on - year, overseas accidents and declining ore grades keep the supply tight [36]. - **Copper Smelting**: Since February 2025, TC/RC has been negative. The planned production in September and expected production in October decreased. 10 smelters will be affected by maintenance in September and October [42]. - **Refined Copper Supply**: In August, SMM's Chinese electrolytic copper production decreased by 0.28 tons month - on - month. It is expected that production will continue to decrease in October due to maintenance and scrap copper shortages [51]. - **Scrap Copper Supply**: In August 2025, China's scrap copper imports decreased by 5.64% month - on - month. Affected by the US copper tariff, imports from the US decreased significantly, and the supply is expected to remain tight in Q4 [53]. Demand - **Copper Products**: In September 2025, the expected output of refined copper rods was 1.0389 million tons, a 4.08% month - on - month increase. The demand for copper foil is expected to increase during the peak season, and the demand for copper tubes from home appliances will also be boosted [56]. - **Power Grid and Power Source Investment**: From January - August 2025, the power grid investment was 379.6 billion yuan, with a cumulative year - on - year growth of 14%. The power source investment was 499.2 billion yuan, with a 0.5% growth. It is expected that the national power grid investment will reach 660 - 670 billion yuan in 2025, with a 10% growth [62]. - **Real Estate**: From January - August, the construction area, new construction area, and completion area of real estate all decreased year - on - year. The government's policies are expected to stabilize the market, but currently, it still drags down copper demand [68]. - **New Energy Vehicles**: In August, the sales of new energy vehicles were 1.171 million, a 18.3% year - on - year increase. From January - August, the cumulative sales were 8.088 million, a 30.1% increase. The production increase in Q4 will drive copper demand [72]. - **Home Appliances**: Affected by the US tariff and pre - placed policies, the home appliance demand may lack momentum in the second half of the year, but there will still be a month - on - month increase in the peak season [78]. Inventory - **Global Exchanges**: Before July, due to the US copper tariff, the copper inventory in the US increased while that in other regions decreased. After the tariff took effect, the COMEX - LME premium returned to normal, and the LME inventory rebounded [85]. - **Domestic Exchanges**: The SHFE inventory has not significantly increased after the tariff took effect. Recently, due to high prices, the inventory has accumulated but decreased slightly due to holiday replenishment. It is expected to first decrease and then increase in Q4. The bonded - area inventory has been fluctuating slightly [90]. - **Domestic Social Inventory**: As of September 26th, the domestic electrolytic copper spot inventory was 131,800 tons, similar to the SHFE inventory trend, and is expected to first decrease and then increase in Q4 [94].

Report Summary Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. Core View The report indicates that recent overseas trading focuses on the Fed's interest - rate cut expectations and independence issues. The falling US dollar index supports the non - ferrous metals market. Fundamentally, domestic copper inventories are still low, and copper supply is expected to be tight. Both refined copper and scrap copper rod production are expected to decrease. Demand is about to enter the peak seasons of "Golden September and Silver October". Therefore, copper prices are expected to be mainly in a volatile and upward trend, and attention should be paid to the Fed's interest - rate cut situation [1]. Summary by Directory Strategy Analysis - The US JOLTS job openings data is weak, strengthening market expectations of an interest - rate cut, but the Fed's independence is questioned, leading to high market uncertainty and a rebound in the US dollar index [1]. - In July, China's imports of copper ore concentrates were about 2.56 million tons, a significant increase month - on - month, and port inventories of concentrates also rebounded from the bottom. After the smelter processing fees showed an upward inflection point, they continued to decline in the recent two periods. The sulfuric acid price has reached a high level, and its contribution to smelter profits will decline. Five smelters plan to conduct maintenance in September, involving a crude smelting capacity of 1 million tons, and domestic electrolytic copper production in September is expected to decline month - on - month [1]. - After the copper tariff takes effect, imported copper will flow back to the domestic market. With the expected decline in domestic production in the second half of the year, imported copper will squeeze the domestic market and affect pricing [1]. - As of July 2025, the apparent consumption of copper was 1.3745 million tons. Although it is currently in the off - season, the increasing investment in domestic power grid facilities drives copper demand. However, due to the US tariff and trade policies in the first half of the year, there was a rush to export household appliances, which over - drew the export demand in the second half of the year. The domestic subsidy policy of "trading in the old for the new" also advanced domestic demand [1]. Futures and Spot Market - Futures: Shanghai copper opened low, rose during the day, and then declined, with the closing price at 79,770 yuan/ton [4]. - Spot: The spot premium in East China was 150 yuan/ton, and in South China was 40 yuan/ton. On September 1, 2025, the LME official price was $9,952/ton, and the spot premium was - $79/ton [4]. Supply Side - As of August 29, the spot crude smelting fee (TC) was - $41.25/dry ton, and the spot refining fee (RC) was - 4.12 cents/pound [7]. Fundamental Tracking - Inventory: SHFE copper inventory was 19,800 tons, an increase of 358 tons from the previous period. As of September 1, Shanghai Free Trade Zone copper inventory was 82,900 tons, a decrease of 400 tons from the previous period. LME copper inventory was 158,400 tons, a decrease of 200 tons from the previous period. COMEX copper inventory was 284,400 short tons, an increase of 3,325 short tons from the previous period [11].

Group 1 - The copper industry stocks have mostly risen, with notable increases in companies such as Minmetals Resources (+2.61%), Luoyang Molybdenum (+1.53%), Jiangxi Copper (+0.82%), and Zijin Mining (+0.74%) [1] - A mining accident in Chile's O'Higgins region resulted in the death of 6 individuals, including 5 trapped miners, prompting Codelco to initiate an investigation and halt underground operations [1] - The affected mine accounts for over 25% of Codelco's total production, which was 356,000 tons of copper last year, raising concerns about potential impacts on production targets [1] Group 2 - On July 30, the U.S. President signed an announcement addressing the national security implications of copper imports, imposing tariffs on certain copper products [2] - The tariffs do not affect copper raw materials, leading to the disappearance of the COMEX copper premium, while U.S. copper imports have already exceeded last year's total, with 74.3% being unaffected by tariffs [2] - It is anticipated that traders will redirect copper shipments away from the U.S. to other markets such as Europe and Asia, with LME and SHFE copper prices expected to be driven by supply and demand dynamics [2]

Group 1: Copper Market Update - Most copper stocks have risen, with Minmetals Resources up 2.61% at HKD 3.93, Luoyang Molybdenum up 1.53% at HKD 9.31, Jiangxi Copper up 0.82% at HKD 16.02, and Zijin Mining up 0.74% at HKD 21.82 [1] - A mining accident in Chile's O'Higgins region resulted in 6 deaths, with all 5 trapped miners confirmed dead. Codelco has initiated an investigation and halted underground operations, impacting production targets [1] - The affected mine accounts for over 25% of Codelco's total output, which produced 356,000 tons of copper last year. The news of the mine's shutdown has heightened tensions in the already tight copper market [1] Group 2: U.S. Copper Import Tariffs - On July 30, U.S. President Trump signed an announcement addressing the impact of copper imports on national security, imposing tariffs on certain copper products. However, raw copper materials are not restricted by these tariffs [2] - As a result, the COMEX copper premium has disappeared, and U.S. copper imports have already exceeded last year's total, with 74.3% of imports being unaffected by tariffs [2] - It is anticipated that traders will cease shipping copper to the U.S., redirecting it to other markets such as Europe and Asia. LME copper is expected to return to supply-demand pricing, with current LME copper inventories increasing and domestic demand being weak [2]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core View of the Report After the copper tariff is implemented, the market returns to fundamentals. The US non - farm payroll data increases the expectation of a September interest rate cut, and the weakening US dollar supports copper prices. The fundamentals remain in a loose logic, but the low domestic inventory limits the downside space, with the overall trend being weak. Attention should be paid to the support level of 78,000 yuan/ton [1]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Strategy Analysis - The US July non - farm payrolls only added 73,000, with the June data significantly revised down to 14,000. The unemployment rate rose to 4.2%. The probability of a Fed rate cut in September soared from 37.7% to 90%, strengthening the expectation of two rate cuts within the year. - In July, SMM China's electrolytic copper production increased by 39,400 tons month - on - month and 14.21% year - on - year. TC/RC fees are still negative but have stopped falling and rebounded. Three smelters have maintenance plans in the third quarter. Currently, smelters can still make up for losses with by - products such as sulfuric acid. - In the off - season, demand is weak, and market trading sentiment is tepid. The subsequent imposition of tariffs on copper semi - finished products may affect export demand. The SHFE inventory is still at a low level and has not significantly accumulated, supporting the price [1]. Futures and Spot Market Conditions - Futures: The Shanghai copper futures market opened high, then declined, and rebounded at the end of the session, closing at 78,330 yuan/ton. The long positions of the top 20 decreased by 4,500 to 106,069 lots, and the short positions decreased by 985 to 109,223 lots. - Spot: The spot premium in East China is 130 yuan/ton, and in South China it is - 55 yuan/ton. On August 1, 2025, the LME official price was 9,592 US dollars/ton, and the spot premium was - 56.5 US dollars/ton [4]. Supply Side As of August 1, the spot rough smelting fee (TC) was - 41.99 US dollars/dry ton, and the spot refining fee (RC) was - 4.19 cents/pound [6]. Fundamental Tracking - SHFE copper inventory is 0.67 million tons, a decrease of 500 tons from the previous period. As of August 1, the copper inventory in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone was 7.51 million tons, an increase of 0.35 million tons from the previous period. - LME copper inventory was 139,575 tons, a slight decrease of 2,175 tons from the previous period. COMEX copper inventory was 259,681 short tons, an increase of 1,766 short tons from the previous period [9].

Core Viewpoint - The newly announced U.S. copper tariff policy is less severe than expected, imposing a 50% tariff only on semi-finished copper products while exempting refined copper products [2] Group 1: Tariff Details - Effective August 1, a 50% tariff will be applied to imports of semi-finished copper products such as copper tubes, plates, and rods [2] - Refined copper products, including cathodes and anodes, are not subject to the new tariffs, which was an unexpected outcome [2] Group 2: Market Reactions - Following the announcement, Comex copper prices plummeted by 20%, and the premium of New York copper prices over LME prices, which had recently reached 30%, significantly narrowed [2] - LME copper prices remained largely unaffected by the tariff news [2] Group 3: Future Price Outlook - In the medium term, there may be some support for copper prices as the U.S. continues to procure copper normally on the international market [2] - However, due to anticipated tariffs, U.S. copper inventories have been sufficiently stocked, leading to a potential decrease in short-term procurement levels [2] Group 4: Domestic Production Impact - The tariffs are expected to boost the domestic sales of semi-finished copper products, aiming to enhance the output of U.S. copper smelters [2] - If domestic production costs are significantly higher than those of regular suppliers, the tariffs could negatively impact U.S. copper production levels [2]

Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided in the report Core Viewpoints of the Report - In July, copper prices first strengthened and then weakened. Domestic anti - involution and key industry stability - growth policies initially drove up copper prices, but later macro - sentiment cooled, and the 50% tariff on imported semi - finished copper products imposed by the Trump administration on August 1st, along with the Fed's hawkish stance, put pressure on copper prices [6][87]. - From a fundamental perspective, the supply of copper concentrates remains tight, with low processing fees and high domestic smelter output. Low inventories support copper prices, but terminal consumption is in the off - season, and the supply - demand weakness may drag down copper prices. After the US copper import tariff is clear, overseas inventories have increased significantly, and there is still downward pressure on copper prices, which are expected to continue to fluctuate weakly [88]. Summary According to the Table of Contents 1. Market Review - In July, copper prices first strengthened and then weakened. Domestic policies and the weakening of the US dollar initially boosted copper prices, but later, the cooling of domestic macro - sentiment, the 50% tariff on imported semi - finished copper products, and the Fed's hawkish stance led to a decline in copper prices. The sharp drop in US copper by over 20% also drove down Shanghai and London copper prices [6]. 2. Macroeconomic Factor Analysis Overseas Macroeconomy - US inflation showed a moderate increase in June. The CPI rose 2.7% year - on - year, and the core PCE price index rose 2.8% year - on - year. In July, non - farm payrolls increased by only 73,000, the lowest in 9 months, and the unemployment rate rose to 4.2%. The Fed kept interest rates unchanged in July, but the poor non - farm data increased the probability of a rate cut this year [12][13]. - The US manufacturing PMI was in a contraction range in July, with the ISM manufacturing index at 48, lower than expected. The Markit manufacturing PMI hit a new low since December last year, while the service PMI reached a new high. The US dollar index first weakened and then strengthened in July, putting pressure on commodity prices [15]. Domestic Macroeconomy - China's CPI turned positive in June, rising 0.1% year - on - year, and the core CPI reached a 14 - month high. The PPI decline widened to 3.6%. The 1 - year and 5 - year LPR remained unchanged in July. From January to June, the cumulative increase in social financing scale was 22.83 trillion yuan, more than the same period last year. The scissors gap between M2 and M1 narrowed [22]. - In July, China's manufacturing PMI was 49.3, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, and the non - manufacturing business activity index was 50.1, also down 0.4 percentage points. The comprehensive PMI output index was 50.2, indicating that overall business activities were still expanding. From January to June, China's fixed - asset investment increased by more than 5% year - on - year [25]. 3. Fundamental Analysis Mine Supply - From January to May, the global copper concentrate production capacity was 12.105 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 1.93%, and the production was 9.524 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 3.27%. The copper production in Chile and Peru from January to May was 323,390 tons, a year - on - year increase of 4.04% [31]. Smelting - The supply of copper concentrates is tight, and the conflict between mines and smelters persists. As of August 1st, the spot smelting fee (TC) for copper concentrates was - 42 dollars per ton, and the processing fee has been at a historical low [33]. Refined Copper - In June, the utilization rate of copper production capacity increased to 82.69%, and the electrolytic copper output was 1.1349 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 12.93%. In July, the price of sulfuric acid, a by - product of smelting, remained strong, partially offsetting the losses at the smelting end [37]. Import and Export - In June, China's refined copper imports were 300,500 tons, a year - on - year increase of 5.11%. As of July 31st, the Shanghai - London ratio of electrolytic copper was 8.11, and the import profit was negative [38]. Scrap Copper - In June, domestic scrap copper imports were 183,200 tons, a year - on - year increase of 8.49% but a month - on - month decrease of 1.06%. In July, the price difference between refined and scrap copper narrowed [42]. Processing - In June, the operating rate of refined copper rod enterprises was 67.29%, a month - on - month decrease of 2.97 percentage points, but it increased to 71.73% as of August 1st. The operating rate of recycled copper rod enterprises in June was 33.61%, a month - on - month increase of 3.69% [44][45]. Terminal Demand - From January to June, China's power grid project investment was 291.1 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 14.6%, and power source project investment was 363.5 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 5.9%. In June, the cumulative new installed capacity of wind and photovoltaic power continued to grow, but the growth rate is expected to slow down in the second half of the year [50]. - In June, the real estate completion area decreased by 14.8% year - on - year, and the new construction area decreased by 20% year - on - year. The real estate market is still at the bottom - grinding stage, dragging down copper demand [53]. - In June, China's automobile production was 2.8086 million vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 7.49%, and new - energy vehicle production was 1.234 million vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 20.39%. The new - energy vehicle market maintains high - level development [59]. - In June, the production of refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners maintained a certain growth rate, and the domestic "Two New" policies are expected to support the demand for copper in the home appliance industry [61]. Inventory - As of August 1st, the copper inventory on the Shanghai Futures Exchange was 72,500 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 14.24%. As of July 28th, the domestic social copper inventory was 120,300 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 9.48%. The global visible copper inventory has rebounded from a low level [63][66]. Premium and Discount - In July, the domestic spot premium first rose and then fell. After the US copper tariff was implemented on August 1st, the LME copper inventory increased, and the LME copper spot/3 - month changed from a premium to a discount [68][69]. Domestic and Overseas Positions - In July, the average daily trading volume of Shanghai copper was 83,728.74 lots. As of August 1st, the Shanghai copper position was 176,193 lots, a decrease of 21.34% from the beginning of the month. The net long position of COMEX copper asset management institutions increased significantly [79]. 4. Technical Analysis - Technically, Shanghai copper is expected to continue its short - term downward oscillation trend, with support at the 77,600 level. The reference range for copper prices in August is expected to be between 77,000 and 80,000 [83]. 5. Future Outlook - From a macro perspective, the weak US manufacturing PMI and poor non - farm payroll data increase the probability of a rate cut this year. The Trump administration's 50% tariff on imported semi - finished copper products and the cooling of domestic macro - sentiment put pressure on copper prices [87]. - Fundamentally, the supply of copper concentrates is tight, and low inventories support copper prices, but the off - season terminal consumption and the supply - demand weakness may drag down copper prices. After the US copper import tariff is clear, overseas inventories have increased, and there is still downward pressure on Shanghai and London copper prices, which are expected to continue to fluctuate weakly [88].