Economic Indicators - The U.S. Treasury market is showing significant sensitivity to economic cooling signals, with a notable decline in yields, particularly in the long end, where the 30-year Treasury yield dropped by 30 basis points since the beginning of the month[6] - The 5-year Treasury yield fell nearly 10 basis points following the release of August non-farm payroll data, reflecting a strong correlation with the Bloomberg Labor Market Surprise Index[7] - The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics revised non-farm employment numbers down by 910,000 over the past year, marking the largest revision since 2000, which indicates potential issues with statistical methods in the post-pandemic era[8] Labor Market Insights - The New York Fed's survey indicates that the probability of unemployed individuals finding a job within three months has decreased to 44.9%, while the probability of being unemployed within the next year has risen to 39.1%[8] - The market widely anticipates three rate cuts of 25 basis points each within the year due to the weakening labor market[8] Federal Reserve Policy - Fed Chair Jerome Powell's stance has shifted to a more dovish tone, emphasizing employment downside risks and removing the "zero lower bound" language from policy statements, reinforcing the "maximum employment" goal[14] - Political pressures on the Fed are increasing, with President Trump publicly pressuring Powell and pushing for appointments of pro-Trump individuals to the Fed Board, raising concerns about the Fed's independence[15] Market Dynamics - The current market pricing for long-term rates reflects caution due to uncertainties surrounding policy, fiscal sustainability, and the Fed's independence, with long-term rates potentially offering attractive duration exposure as short-term rates decline rapidly[17] - Short-term Treasuries are viewed as a "safe haven" but carry structural risks due to their high reflection of rate cut expectations, which compresses yield potential[19]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - OPEC+ has confirmed the second - round of production increase, and the EIA weekly data shows a signal of peaking demand. The pressure of crude oil surplus will further increase in the fourth quarter. Although OPEC+ has not clearly defined the production increase route, any rise in oil prices will boost OPEC+'s enthusiasm for production increase, which will always suppress the upside of oil prices. The medium - to - long - term strategy of shorting on rallies remains unchanged. In the short term, investors should seize the rebound and building - position opportunities brought about by the volatile geopolitical situation and interest - rate cut expectations [5]. Summary According to the Table of Contents 1. International Crude Oil Analysis - **Crude Oil Price Trends**: From September 8 - 12, international oil prices fluctuated widely. Although OPEC+ announced continued production increase, the deadlock in the tri - party negotiation between the US, Russia, and Ukraine and the threat of new sanctions on Russia by Europe and the US almost offset the short - term bearish sentiment caused by the supply surplus. As of September 12, the settlement prices of WTI and Brent were $62.72/barrel (-1.87%) and $66.65/barrel (-1.22%) respectively; the settlement price of INE SC was 482.72 yuan/barrel (-0.72%) [8]. - **Financial Aspects**: The US CPI in August exceeded expectations, but the number of initial jobless claims jumped to the highest level in nearly four years. The market still anticipates consecutive interest - rate cuts this year. As of September 12, the S&P 500 index continued to rebound since mid - April and reached a new high; the VIX volatility dropped significantly compared to when the tariff policy was first implemented and remained at a low level [11]. - **Crude Oil Volatility and US Dollar Index**: The volatility of crude oil ETF declined this week, and the US dollar index fluctuated. As of September 12, the crude oil volatility ETF was 31.77, and the US dollar index was 97.6178. The market's expectation of interest - rate cuts continued to rise due to weak employment data and higher - than - expected CPI data, causing the US dollar index to continue to decline [13]. - **Net Long Positions of Crude Oil Funds**: As of September 9, the net long positions of WTI managed funds decreased by 17,300 contracts week - on - week to 10,000 contracts, a weekly decline of 63.4%; the speculative net long positions decreased by 3,300 contracts to 71,800 contracts, a weekly decline of 4.3%. OPEC+ announced continued production increase, high - frequency data indicated the arrival of the off - season, and the unexpected inventory build - up of crude oil further weakened the bullish support, leading to insufficient confidence in going long [16]. 2. Crude Oil Supply - Side Analysis - **OPEC Overall Production**: In August, OPEC's crude oil production increased by 478,000 barrels per day to 27.948 million barrels per day. Most countries have started to increase production, with Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Iraq leading the pace. However, the production of the eight core OPEC+ countries that agreed to increase production was still 154,000 barrels per day lower than the plan in August, mainly because some countries were fulfilling their submitted compensatory production - cut plans [21]. - **OPEC+ Production - Cut Situation**: According to the IEA's statistical criteria, the production of nine OPEC member countries in August was 23.28 million barrels per day, a month - on - month increase of 190,000 barrels per day. The UAE, Iraq, Kuwait, and Kazakhstan still had significant over - production, but the overall over - production of the nine countries decreased compared to the previous month. Seven countries updated their compensatory production - cut plans, and the concentrated production - cut will be extended to the first half of next year [25]. - **Crude Oil Production of Saudi Arabia and Iran**: Saudi Arabia's production continued to rise. In August, its crude oil production increased by 259,000 barrels per day to 9.709 million barrels per day. Iran's production continued to decline. In August, its crude oil production decreased by 27,000 barrels per day to 3.218 million barrels per day. Sanctions and the Israel - Iran war have affected Iran's oil production [27]. - **Crude Oil Supply in Russia**: According to OPEC's statistical criteria, Russia's crude oil production in August was 9.173 million barrels per day, a month - on - month increase of 53,000 barrels per day; according to the IEA's statistical criteria, it was 9.28 million barrels per day, a month - on - month increase of 80,000 barrels per day. Production is gradually recovering under the production - increase plan but remains at a relatively low level [37]. - **US Crude Oil Rig Count**: As of the week of September 12, the number of active oil - drilling rigs in the US was 416, an increase of 2 from the previous week and a decrease of 72 year - on - year. The improvement in drilling and well efficiency allows producers to maintain record - high production while controlling capital expenditure. The rig count in the Permian Basin has decreased significantly, which may limit the upside potential of crude oil production [41]. - **US Crude Oil Production**: As of the week of September 5, US crude oil production rebounded marginally to 13.495 million barrels per day, an increase of 72,000 barrels per day from the previous week and a year - on - year increase of 1.47%. Although low oil prices in the first half of the year dampened producers' enthusiasm and limited the upside potential of US oil production in the second half of the year, relatively healthy oil prices during the peak season in the third quarter and high well - production efficiency will prevent a sharp decline in production [44]. 3. Crude Oil Demand - Side Analysis - **Total US Petroleum Product Demand**: There are signs of a decline in US petroleum product demand. Both the single - week and four - week average demand for refined products have decreased. As of the week of September 5, the four - week average total demand for petroleum products was 20.888 million barrels per day, a week - on - week decrease of 394,000 barrels per day but a year - on - year increase of 1.97% [48]. - **US Crude Oil, Gasoline, and Distillate Data**: In the week of September 5, US crude oil production increased by 72,000 barrels per day to 13.495 million barrels per day; consumption decreased by 394,000 barrels per day to 20.888 million barrels per day; refinery throughput decreased by 51,000 barrels per day to 16.818 million barrels per day; the refinery utilization rate increased by 0.6% to 94.9%; net imports increased by 668,000 barrels per day to 3.526 million barrels per day [52]. - **US Gasoline, Diesel, and Kerosene Four - Week Average Consumption**: The demand for refined products has seasonally declined. As of September 5, the four - week average demand for gasoline decreased by 123,000 barrels per day to 8.927 million barrels per day, a year - on - year decrease of 0.58%; the average demand for distillates decreased by 81,000 barrels per day to 3.813 million barrels per day, a year - on - year increase of 2.01%; the average consumption of kerosene decreased by 18,000 barrels per day to 1.772 million barrels per day, a year - on - year increase of 4.91% [54]. - **US Gasoline and Heating Oil Crack Spreads**: This week, the US gasoline crack spread and heating oil crack spread fluctuated. As of September 12, the gasoline crack spread was $20.7/barrel, and the heating oil crack spread was $33.49/barrel. The crude oil side is relatively strong due to geopolitical uncertainties, while the gasoline demand has peaked, causing the crack spread to decline seasonally. The heating oil demand is in a seasonal upward trend [57]. - **European Diesel and Heating Oil Crack Spreads**: As of September 12, the ICE diesel crack spread was $27.28/barrel, and the heating oil crack spread was $29.19/barrel. After weeks of diesel inventory build - up, the support for refined products weakened, causing the crack spreads to decline. Recently, the distillate demand has entered a seasonal upward channel, and the crack spreads have recovered [61]. - **Chinese Oil Products and Refinery Situation**: China's crude oil demand is in the peak season. In August, China's crude oil processing volume increased by 4.391 million tons year - on - year to 63.46 million tons (+7.43%); in July, imports increased by 392,000 tons year - on - year to 49.492 million tons (+0.8%). Due to the escalation of the Middle East situation, China's imports of oil from the Gulf region have surged, and Russia's oil supply has also rebounded significantly [65]. - **Institutional Forecasts of Demand Growth**: Three major international institutions have become more optimistic about this year's demand growth. In August, EIA, IEA, and OPEC predicted that the global crude oil demand growth rate this year would be 900,000 barrels per day (↑), 740,000 barrels per day (↑), and 1.3 million barrels per day (-) respectively, and 1.28 million barrels per day, 700,000 barrels per day, and 1.4 million barrels per day next year [69]. 4. Crude Oil Inventory - Side Analysis - **US Crude Oil Inventory**: US commercial crude oil inventories have rebounded to within the five - year range. As of September 5, EIA commercial crude oil inventories increased by 3.939 million barrels from the previous week to 424.65 million barrels, a year - on - year increase of 1.31%; SPR inventories increased by 514,000 barrels to 405.22 million barrels; Cushing crude oil inventories decreased by 365,000 barrels to 23.857 million barrels [70]. - **Inventory Changes**: As of the week of September 5, US crude oil net imports increased by 668,000 barrels per day to 3.526 million barrels per day. US refinery throughput decreased by 51,000 barrels per day to 16.818 million barrels per day, and the refinery utilization rate increased by 0.6% to 94.9% [74]. - **WTI Monthly Spread**: The WTI monthly spread remains in a backwardation structure. As of September 12, the WTI M1 - M2 monthly spread was $0.27/barrel, and the M1 - M5 monthly spread was $0.7/barrel. The monthly spread indicator continues to weaken. With the peak of US refined product demand and OPEC+'s accelerated production increase in the near term, the monthly spread may continue to decline [77]. - **Brent Monthly Spread**: The Brent monthly spread also remains in a backwardation structure. As of September 12, the Brent M1 - M2 monthly spread was $0.45/barrel, and the M1 - M5 monthly spread was $1.15/barrel. The Brent monthly spread is stronger than the WTI monthly spread due to the expected tight supply in Europe caused by sanctions on Russian crude oil [80]. 5. Crude Oil Supply - Demand Balance Difference - **Global Oil Supply - Demand Balance Sheet**: In August, the EIA predicted that the global oil supply would be 105.36 million barrels per day this year, and the demand would be 103.72 million barrels per day, resulting in a daily surplus of 1.64 million barrels, which is an increase compared to the previous month. Although the EIA has raised the demand forecast, the early end of OPEC+'s voluntary production - cut plan of 2.2 million barrels per day will lead to greater supply pressure this year [84]. - **Term Structure**: This week, the US fundamental data shows that the peak - season demand has peaked, and the term structure has continued to flatten compared to last week. Brent can support a stronger contango structure due to the strong diesel demand and good crack profits. Currently, international oil products can maintain the contango term structure, but as the peak - season demand weakens, if OPEC continues to accelerate production increase in the near term, the term structure may change [87].

Group 1 - The unexpected drop in the Producer Price Index (PPI) for June, which rose by 2.6% year-on-year, significantly lower than the expected 3%, has been interpreted as a clear signal of cooling inflation [2] - The immediate market reaction included a surge in the S&P 500 index to a historical high, a rise in gold prices exceeding 1.5%, and an increase in the probability of a rate cut in September to over 90% [3] Group 2 - There are three cognitive traps investors may overlook: the transmission from PPI to Consumer Price Index (CPI) is not straightforward, with current core CPI still at 3.8%, far above the 2% target [3][4] - The market has overestimated the rate cut expectations, pricing in 3-4 cuts this year, which exceeds the Federal Reserve's implied 1-2 cuts [3] - The divergence between valuations and earnings is increasing, with the S&P 500's price-to-earnings ratio exceeding 21 times, while expected earnings growth for Q2 has dropped to 3.2% [3] Group 3 - Investors are advised to adopt a layered strategy: short-term traders should follow the trend but maintain strict stop-loss orders, while long-term investors should focus on high-certainty value stocks and gradually reduce exposure to overvalued assets [4] - Key upcoming data to watch includes the CPI, which will be crucial in validating the PPI signals [4] - All investors should prepare for two scenarios: if inflation continues to cool, gradually increase holdings in interest-sensitive assets; if inflation shows persistent stickiness, allocate more to defensive assets [4]

欢迎加入交易理想国知识星球 摘要 目前市场仍然处于坏消息就是好消息的状态之中。上周美国 PPI、CPI均符合市场预期，对降息不构成实质性影响。初请失业金高于市场预 期，劳动力市场的疲软仍在继续，市场对于降息路径更加笃定，降息交易进一步强化，铜价震荡上行，而黄金此前定价降息较为充分，呈现 震荡走势。 核心观点 01 0 1 上周金价高位震荡，铜价持续上行 文 | 对冲研投研究院 编辑 | 杨兰 贵金属方面，上周 COMEX 黄金上涨 1.12%，白银 上涨 2.82%；沪金2510合约 上涨 2.28%，沪银2510 合约上涨 2.27%。主要工业金属 价格中，COMEX铜、沪铜分别变动+2.3%、+1.15%。 降息路径明确，铜价向上突破 0 2 目前市场仍然处于坏消息就是好消息的状态之中。上周美国 PPI、CPI均符合市场预期，对降息不构成实质性影响。初请失业金高于市 场预期，劳动力市场的疲软仍在继续，市场对于降息路径更加笃定，降息交易进一步强化，铜价震荡上行，并且有向上突破甚至走出趋 势性行情的迹象。不过本周风险仍然在降息落地之后的市场预期，可以暂时回避关键节点。 金价高位盘整，等待FOMC决议 上周，美 ...

Domestic Macro Viewpoints - In August, both domestic and external demand weakened, leading to a supply-demand imbalance where supply remains strong while demand is weak[1] - Investment has shown negative year-on-year growth for two consecutive months, and retail sales growth has been declining since May[1] - GDP growth is expected to remain around 5% in Q3, with macro policies likely to be more stable due to stronger economic data[1] - The divergence between supply and demand is unsustainable; if demand does not strengthen, supply will follow demand downwards, increasing pressure on Q4 GDP[1] Overseas Macro Viewpoints - The CPI released in August slightly exceeded expectations, but inflation pressure from tariffs is easing, leading to a forecasted 25bps rate cut in September[2] - The upcoming appointment of the next Federal Reserve Chair by Trump may influence market expectations for rate cuts in 2026, resulting in further dollar liquidity easing[2] Equity Market Viewpoints - The market has rebounded as expected, with the Shanghai Composite Index slightly breaking previous highs, indicating a potential for further upward movement[3] - Internal industry trends are positive, but short-term events like U.S. rate cuts and geopolitical tensions may affect A-share market sentiment[3] - The market is expected to remain in a structural bull market, driven mainly by technology and finance sectors, with room for upward movement despite potential adjustments[3] Bond Market Viewpoints - Since September, interest rates have risen again, with the 10-year rate surpassing 1.80% and the 30-year rate above 2.10%[5] - There are emerging trading opportunities as the market anticipates a "restart of government bond trading," driven by low loan demand and high government bond issuance[5] - The expectation of stable funding rates and potential for interest rate compression may attract funds to bet on interest rate recovery[5]

Group 1 - Silver market showed a rebound on Monday morning, with a focus on long positions due to the recent rise in U.S. Treasury yields, which increased from a five-month low of 3.994% to 4.06%, marking a rise of approximately 1.12% [1] - The upcoming retail sales report is expected to be a key indicator that will impact consumer demand and the yield curve, especially ahead of the Federal Reserve meeting [3] - The dollar index experienced a slight increase of 0.08% to 97.60, but remains near a one-and-a-half-month low, with a weekly decline of 0.12% [3] Group 2 - The geopolitical tensions are rising, particularly with U.S. President Trump's reaffirmation of sanctions against Russia, which may further strain transatlantic relations [3] - The Ukrainian drone forces have targeted a major Russian refinery, which could impact oil production and prices, as the refinery has an annual output of 20 million tons [4] - Gold is seen as a safe haven amid uncertainty, with expectations that if the Federal Reserve signals a dovish stance, gold prices could easily surpass the $3,700 mark, aiming for a mid-term target of $3,900 set by UBS [4]

Group 1 - Domestic gold prices remain stable, with some stores showing slight declines; the highest price reported is 1078 CNY per gram, while the lowest is 999 CNY per gram [1][2] - The price range between the highest and lowest gold prices in stores has expanded to 79 CNY [1] - Platinum prices are on the rise, with a slight increase of 3 CNY per gram for platinum jewelry, now priced at 564 CNY per gram [2] Group 2 - The gold recovery price has decreased by 1.7 CNY per gram, with significant price differences among brands [3] - The current gold recovery price is 818.80 CNY per gram, with variations across different brands [3] - International gold prices experienced fluctuations, with the latest spot gold price at 3635.57 USD per ounce, reflecting a decline of 0.20% [5] Group 3 - Recent fluctuations in gold prices were influenced by weak U.S. economic data and geopolitical risks, which initially supported price increases [5] - UBS analysts have raised their gold price targets, projecting 3800 USD per ounce by the end of 2025 and 3900 USD per ounce by mid-2026 [5] - The market is currently in a wait-and-see mode, with expectations of continued volatility in gold prices [5]

（文华综合） 印尼矿业部一位官员表示，由于自由港麦克莫兰运营的Grasberge铜矿发生泥石流事故，只有Block Cave 已经停止运营，其他较小的矿区仍在运营。截至上周五国内铜精矿现货加工费仍然低位徘徊，变动有 限，买卖双方分歧较大。 沪铜站稳80000关口后延续强势，今日偏强震荡，期价徘徊在81000一线附近，收盘上涨0.35%。铜市原 料端仍然偏紧，下游需求改善有限，社会库存继续增加，不过在降息预期提振下，市场氛围偏暖，沪铜 偏强震荡。 金瑞期货表示，近期印尼矿山出现生产扰动，预计小幅影响产量。冶炼环节进入9月国内冶炼检修增 加，结合再生冶炼原料同样转紧，维持冶炼产量重心下移预期。进出口方面，近期到港开始有所增加， 或因前期窗口打开。消费端，进入9月后下游订单边际改善幅度不大，或有铜价重心偏高影响。再生企 业反馈影响未持续发酵，开工边际有所回升。短期供需走弱，预计延续紧平衡状态。 9月15日国内市场电解铜现货库存15.79万吨，较11日增0.89万吨。上海市场近期进口虽仍有所到货但对 比前期表现减少，且国产货源到货依旧有限，但铜价高位运行，下游采购需求提升空间有限，库存小幅 下降；然江苏市场临近交割， ...

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market experienced slight fluctuations, with the non-ferrous metal sector showing its first decline after reaching a yearly high, indicating a potential correction phase in the market [1] Group 1: Market Performance - The non-ferrous 50 ETF (159652) fell by 0.52% as of 14:17, with a net subscription of 67 million units, translating to over 89 million CNY in net subscription amount [1] - Over the past 20 days, the non-ferrous 50 ETF has seen a net subscription of 720 million CNY, with the latest scale exceeding 1.4 billion CNY, leading among index ETFs [1] - Major stocks in the non-ferrous sector, such as Northern Rare Earth and Jiangxi Copper, saw declines of over 2%, while Ganfeng Lithium rose by over 4% [1][2] Group 2: Economic Indicators - The U.S. initial jobless claims unexpectedly surged to 263,000, the highest in nearly two years, which may influence the Federal Reserve's decision on interest rates [3] - The market anticipates a new round of interest rate cuts from the Federal Reserve, with President Trump suggesting significant cuts during the upcoming meeting [2][3] Group 3: Industry Outlook - Minsheng Securities expresses optimism for the non-ferrous metal sector, citing structural improvements in demand and the potential for industrial metal prices to rise due to anticipated interest rate cuts [4] - The prices of key metals like copper, tungsten, and molybdenum have shown an upward trend, with copper prices increasing by 10% since the beginning of the year [4] - The non-ferrous sector's performance is expected to benefit from a favorable supply-demand balance, with 129 out of 141 listed companies in the sector reporting profits in the first half of 2025 [4][6] Group 4: Investment Opportunities - The non-ferrous 50 ETF (159652) is highlighted as a leading investment option, covering a wide range of metals including gold and copper, with a copper content of 31% [8] - The ETF has shown a cumulative return of 140% from 2019 to August 2025, driven primarily by profit growth rather than valuation expansion [6][8]

Group 1 - The report from Haitong International indicates that A-shares are expected to consolidate in September, while Hong Kong stocks may receive short-term support due to easing liquidity pressures and a strengthening RMB [1] - Last week, A-shares experienced significant volatility, with the Shanghai Composite Index rising by 1.5% and the ChiNext Index increasing by 2.1%. Hong Kong stocks also saw gains, with the Hang Seng Index up by 3.8% and the Hang Seng Tech Index up by 5.3% [1] - Following the dovish signals from Powell at the Jackson Hole meeting, gold prices rebounded over 9%. However, recent US inflation data confirmed rate cut expectations, leading to fluctuations in gold prices [1] Group 2 - The report highlights that Alibaba's self-developed chips and the next-generation Qwen3 model have led to a significant rise in stock prices, indicating a continued increase in risk appetite [2] - The liquidity in Hong Kong remains stable, with the HIBOR maintaining stability. The RMB has appreciated moderately against the USD, although a potential rebound in the USD could weaken this support for Hong Kong stocks [2] - Southbound capital inflow surged to HKD 60.8 billion last week, with Alibaba receiving HKD 22 billion of this inflow, totaling HKD 37 billion since September [2]