下半年如何反"内卷式"竞争？ 7月30日召开的中共中央政治局会议释放了清晰的政策信号：在纵深推进全国统一大市场建设的背景 下，聚焦治理企业低价无序竞争、推进重点行业产能治理、规范地方招商引资行为。 可以看到，在深入推进"反内卷"行动中，地方政府也成了核心关注的对象。其招商引资行为因何成为治 理重点？破除"内卷式"竞争，如何规范政府行为？南都·反垄断前沿就此采访了多位业内专家。 8月1日，国家发改委在一场新闻发布会上进一步回应了下半年将如何"反内卷"。国家发改委体制改革综 合司司长王任飞表示，当前，一些行业、领域出现"内卷"、无序竞争、市场失序等问题。下一步，要努 力将有效市场和有为政府这"两只手"作用结合得更好，发挥好两者的优势。统一政府行为尺度，进一步 明确招商引资鼓励和禁止的具体行为，治理和防范有碍统一市场和公平竞争的各种行为和做法。 在王先林看来，"内卷式"竞争的原因非常复杂，地方政府在微观经济领域的不当干预，无疑是其中的一 个重要方面。地方政府在"内卷式"竞争中扮演了复杂的角色，既是市场秩序的维护者，也可能成为恶性 竞争的推手。这种双重性源于政绩考核压力、财政分权制度与市场机制的深层矛盾。 梳理政策变 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the recent political bureau meeting's focus on macroeconomic policies, fiscal tightening, and the promotion of consumption and investment, while addressing issues related to local government debt and market competition. Macroeconomic Policy - The meeting highlighted the need to implement more proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies to fully release policy effects, moving away from the previous emphasis on extraordinary counter-cyclical adjustments [2] - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) announced ongoing measures to stabilize employment and the economy, with a focus on policy research and timely implementation based on actual needs [2] Fiscal Policy - The meeting indicated a tightening stance on fiscal policy, emphasizing the need to actively and prudently resolve local government debt risks and prohibit new hidden debts [2] - The Ministry of Finance reiterated its commitment to accountability for hidden debt cases, emphasizing the importance of preventing and resolving hidden debt risks as a political task [2][5] Monetary Policy - The meeting did not mention "timely interest rate cuts," but emphasized maintaining ample liquidity in monetary policy to promote a decline in overall financing costs [2] Consumption - The meeting stressed the importance of enhancing service consumption and implementing special actions to boost consumption, particularly in cultural tourism and healthcare services [3] Investment - The meeting called for high-quality promotion of "two重" construction, with the NDRC planning to expedite the establishment of new policy financial tools and improve investment return levels in key sectors [4] Market Competition - The meeting outlined detailed plans to advance the construction of a unified national market, optimize market competition order, and regulate chaotic competition among enterprises [4][5] Capital Market - The meeting expressed support for enhancing the attractiveness and inclusiveness of domestic capital markets, aiming to consolidate the positive momentum in the capital market [6] Emerging Industries - Recent policies focus on emerging industries such as artificial intelligence, humanoid robots, and low-altitude economy, with the government promoting large-scale commercial applications of AI [7][19] Childcare Subsidies - The implementation of a childcare subsidy system was announced, providing annual subsidies of 3,600 yuan per child until the age of three, with an initial budget of approximately 90 billion yuan for 2025 [17][18] Bond Market - Starting August 8, the Ministry of Finance will resume the collection of value-added tax on interest income from newly issued government bonds [8]

8月4日，省委书记刘宁到商丘市民权县、睢县，调研县域经济发展、产业转型、生态保护等工作。 近年来，我省牢固树立和践行"绿水青山就是金山银山"理念，全省生态文明建设取得显著成效。刘宁来 到河南"塞罕坝"民权申甘林带、黄河故道，实地察看林场保护管理、美丽河湖建设等情况。"习近平总 书记在我省考察时指出，要着力加强生态环境保护，持之以恒加强重点流域生态保护治理，深化污染防 治攻坚，筑牢生态安全屏障。"刘宁强调，要深入践行"两山"理念，坚持生态优先、保护第一，因地因 时制宜、分区分类施策，大力发展绿色产业和生态经济，加快现代水网和水运网建设，在推动绿色发展 上迈出新步伐。 调研中，刘宁听取民权县、睢县经济社会发展情况汇报，强调要深入贯彻习近平总书记在河南考察时重 要讲话精神，落实省委十一届九次全会部署，聚焦"1+2+4+N"目标任务体系，立足殷商文化起源地、四 省交界协同区、豫东开放桥头堡定位，坚持以科技创新引领新质生产力发展，做强"一县一特色产业"， 大力发展枢纽经济，构建具有县域特点的现代化产业体系。当前要做好抗旱保秋粮丰收，高度重视旱涝 急转风险，做好防汛备汛各项准备工作，全力保障人民生命财产安全。要广泛深入察 ...

中国证券报·中证金牛座记者8月4日从国家税务总局获悉，增值税发票数据显示，今年上半年，全国企 业销售收入保持平稳增长，呈现多方面亮点。 制造业发展稳中提质。在国家税费优惠和其他相关政策的有力推动下，上半年，制造业销售收入增速较 全国企业总体增速快1.5个百分点，成为稳定经济增长的重要支撑。制造业"高端化"稳步推进，上半 年，装备制造业、高技术制造业销售收入同比分别增长8.9%和11.9%。 新质生产力加快培育。上半年，高技术产业销售收入同比增长14.3%，保持快速增长，反映创新产业持 续壮大。数字经济和实体经济加快融合，上半年，数字经济核心产业销售收入同比增长10.1%，全国企 业采购数字技术金额同比增长9.9%，反映出数字产业化、产业数字化进程持续加快。 "两新"政策成效明显。在大规模设备更新政策带动下，上半年，全国企业采购机械设备金额同比增长 11.1%，延续去年以来较快增长势头。随着消费品以旧换新系列政策持续显效，居民消费需求加快释 放。上半年，电视机等家用视听设备零售、冰箱等日用家电零售同比分别增长45.3%和56.6%；与家装 相关的家具零售同比增长34%；"以旧换新"新扩围的手机等通信设备零售同比 ...

Group 1: Economic Development and Industry Transformation - The cooling industry is a leading sector in Minquan County, with the establishment of Henan Asbella Refrigeration Co., Ltd. addressing the shortage of key components in refrigeration products [3] - Liu Ning emphasized the importance of leveraging the "Minquan-Qingdao Port" sea-rail intermodal transport to expand the reach of locally produced goods [3] - The county aims to strengthen its industrial ecosystem and innovation environment while promoting low-carbon and energy-efficient products [3] Group 2: Shoe Industry Insights - Suixian is recognized as a major shoe manufacturing base in China, producing over 30% of the country's leisure and sports shoes [5] - Liu Ning praised local efforts to enhance the shoe industry by focusing on product quality and modernizing production techniques [5] - The integration of big data and IoT technologies is encouraged to advance smart manufacturing and elevate the industry to higher value chains [5] Group 3: Ecological Protection and Green Development - The province has made significant progress in ecological civilization construction, adhering to the principle that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" [6] - Liu Ning highlighted the need for continuous ecological protection and pollution prevention efforts, aligning with Xi Jinping's directives [6] - The focus is on developing green industries and accelerating the construction of modern water and transportation networks to promote sustainable development [6] Group 4: Strategic Planning and Community Engagement - Liu Ning called for the implementation of the "1+2+4+N" target task system to enhance local economic and social development [6] - Emphasis was placed on the importance of community engagement to gather public opinions and insights for high-quality planning [6] - The need for preparedness against drought and flood risks was also highlighted to ensure the safety of people's lives and property [6]

Group 1 - The sales revenue of the equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech manufacturing industry increased by 8.9% and 11.9% year-on-year respectively in the first half of the year [1] - Manufacturing industry sales revenue growth outpaced the overall growth of national enterprises by 1.5 percentage points, supported by national tax and fee incentives [1] - High-tech industry sales revenue grew by 14.3% year-on-year, indicating the continuous expansion of innovative industries [1] Group 2 - The procurement of machinery and equipment by enterprises increased by 11.1% year-on-year, driven by large-scale equipment renewal policies [2] - Retail sales of home appliances such as televisions and refrigerators saw significant growth, with increases of 45.3% and 56.6% respectively [2] - The proportion of inter-provincial sales in national enterprise sales revenue reached 40.7%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points compared to the same period last year, reflecting deeper trade connections [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the steady growth of national enterprise sales revenue in the first half of the year, driven by various positive factors [1][2] Group 2 - Manufacturing industry shows stable quality improvement, with sales revenue growth rate 1.5 percentage points faster than the overall national enterprise growth rate; high-end manufacturing is progressing steadily, with equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing sales revenue increasing by 8.9% and 11.9% year-on-year respectively [1] - New productive forces are being cultivated rapidly, with high-tech industry sales revenue growing by 14.3% year-on-year, indicating the continuous expansion of innovative industries; the integration of digital economy and real economy is accelerating, with digital economy core industry sales revenue increasing by 10.1% and enterprise procurement of digital technology rising by 9.9% year-on-year [1] - The effectiveness of "two new" policies is evident, with national enterprise machinery equipment procurement amount increasing by 11.1% year-on-year; consumer demand is being released more quickly, with retail sales of home audio-visual equipment and daily appliances increasing by 45.3% and 56.6% respectively, and furniture retail growing by 34% year-on-year [1] - The construction of a unified national market is progressing steadily, with inter-provincial sales accounting for 40.7% of national enterprise sales revenue, an increase of 0.6 percentage points compared to the same period last year, reflecting deepening inter-provincial trade connections [2]

Group 1 - The overall sales revenue of enterprises in China showed steady growth in the first half of the year, with notable highlights in various sectors [1] - The manufacturing sector experienced a sales revenue growth rate 1.5 percentage points faster than the overall enterprise growth, supported by tax and policy incentives [1] - High-tech industries saw a significant sales revenue increase of 14.3% year-on-year, indicating the continuous expansion of innovative industries [1] Group 2 - The procurement of machinery and equipment by enterprises increased by 11.1% year-on-year, driven by large-scale equipment renewal policies [2] - Retail sales of home appliances, such as televisions and refrigerators, surged by 45.3% and 56.6% respectively, reflecting a strong consumer demand [2] - The proportion of inter-provincial sales in total enterprise sales revenue reached 40.7%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points from the previous year, indicating deeper trade connections [2]

Core Viewpoint - The recent meeting of the Political Bureau emphasized a more optimistic tone regarding the economic outlook, despite ongoing uncertainties and challenges. The focus is on maintaining macroeconomic policies while enhancing flexibility and foresight to adapt to changing conditions [3][5]. Summary by Sections Economic Performance and Policy Adjustments - The Political Bureau meeting acknowledged the strong performance of major economic indicators in the first half of the year, highlighting the resilience and vitality of the economy. However, it also pointed out the risks and challenges that remain, such as insufficient domestic demand and difficulties faced by some enterprises [2][3]. - The meeting did not call for increased macroeconomic adjustments compared to previous years but stressed the importance of policy continuity and stability, indicating a lower probability of significant policy tightening in the short term [5][6]. Domestic Demand and Consumption - A key focus of the meeting was on accelerating the construction of a long-term mechanism to expand domestic demand. The government aims to effectively release consumption potential and stimulate consumer spending through various initiatives [9][10]. - The meeting highlighted the need to deepen the implementation of consumption promotion actions and to ensure that policies are not merely about increasing liquidity but are part of a systematic approach to economic revitalization [10]. Market Structure and Competition - The meeting emphasized the importance of advancing the construction of a unified national market to optimize market competition and address issues of disorderly competition. This includes legal measures to regulate market behavior and improve the overall market environment [11][12][13]. - The government aims to break down local protectionism and market segmentation, which are seen as barriers to economic circulation and growth [12][13]. Real Estate Sector - The meeting acknowledged the need for a new model of real estate development, focusing on stabilizing the market and promoting urban renewal. The government plans to implement measures that support the real estate sector while ensuring it remains a pillar of the national economy [14][15]. - The emphasis is on a long-term perspective, with a focus on quality and efficiency in urban development rather than merely expanding supply [15][16]. Future Economic Strategy - The meeting outlined three major tasks for the second half of the year: enhancing domestic demand, promoting a unified market, and developing a new real estate model. These tasks are seen as essential for achieving high-quality economic growth [9][14][16]. - The government remains committed to monitoring economic conditions closely and is prepared to adjust policies as necessary to respond to unexpected changes in the domestic and international landscape [16].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese photovoltaic industry is facing severe "involution" challenges, characterized by chaotic capacity expansion, price wars, and technological homogenization, necessitating a shift towards high-quality development and innovation [1][2][5] Group 1: Policy and Regulatory Changes - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the State Administration for Market Regulation are soliciting opinions on the draft amendment to the Price Law, which aims to address the core issues of vicious competition by prohibiting price manipulation and below-cost dumping [2][3] - The amendment is designed to promote fair competition and optimize resource allocation, aligning with the photovoltaic industry's need to move away from price wars and focus on technology and value creation [2][4] Group 2: Industry Self-Regulation and Government Role - The industry must awaken to the need for self-regulation alongside legal constraints, as strong self-discipline can reduce regulatory costs and enhance legal enforcement efficiency [3][4] - Local governments need to shift from being irrational promoters of investment to guardians of rules and cultivators of ecosystems, ensuring fair competition and preventing blind expansion driven by excessive incentives [4][5] Group 3: Technological Innovation and Development - The industry should focus resources on disruptive technologies, such as perovskite tandem cells and cost-reducing heterojunction technologies, to escape the homogenization trap and ascend the global value chain [4][5] - Embracing grid transformation and participating in friendly technology development for the grid are essential for overcoming integration challenges and enhancing energy storage applications [4][5]